研究生英汉翻译练习.doc

Book1(1)A. Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese.由于与许多海外地区大量的殖民贸易，所有欧洲重要商业国以及它们在西半球领地的金银铸币在北美东海岸都可以自由交换。由于法律不允许英国货币从英国流向殖民地，相比之下，西班牙的货币更加重要。这些货币在墨西哥城及利马铸造，再进入西班牙殖民地。西班牙币在殖民地被普遍使用，以至于这种硬币最后成为美国货币单位。虽然早在1652年马萨诸塞首次尝试铸造低含金量的硬币，但殖民地最终还是转而印制纸币以补充他们短缺而且不可靠的货币供给。著名人士的期票与签发给英国商人的汇票几个月内就能顺利转手。此外，各个殖民地的财政部门开始在收税前签发期票，同时向城镇官员下达书面命令要求当地店铺履行付款义务，像其他可流通的单据一样，这些票据经背书后可作为货币进行交换。B. Translate the following sentences into English.（1）With Chinas successful entry into the WTO, state-owned banks are faced with more and more pressure. This big bank intends to merge with two small banks so as to quickly solve the problem of capital deficiency and enlarge its scale. （2）Because of the effect of global economic recession and inflation, many small businesses in this city have gone bankrupt or have been swallowed up by giant corporations, leading to a large number of workers facing unemployment.（3）He didnt marry her because he felt that although pity was closely akin to love, they were still different. He hoped to marry for love, but not for pity.（4）Web-based education seems to be a perfect way to reach a large number of potential students, as well as curtail the high infrastructure andpersonnel costs of traditional schooling.（5）With the growing of this towns economy, the local government intends to tailor a first-class nursing home for the needs of the elderly. （6）The deregulation of financial markets taken by government is very helpful to economical globalization, but, at the same time, it brings some unpleasant influences on domestic economy.（7）I wish my little brother would desist from playing network games all day, otherwise he would have to discontinue his studies.（8）One shop began to prolong the shop hours, and all other shops along the same street followed suit.（9）Following the dramatic currency depreciations in many East Asian economies in 1997, these countries suffered from sharp and lingering recessions. This outcome runs counter to the notion that we should increase output because depreciation makes domestically produced goods cheaper.Book1(2)A. Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese.(1) 并非所有地区都会经历同样的气候变暧，有些地区会变得更干更热，然而另外一些地区则会遭遇较冷的天气。全球气候变暖可能产生的预期后果包括极地冰盖融化，海岸沿线被淹没，剧烈的暴风雨，降雨模式的改变,以及现有生态平衡的广泛变化等等。根据目前的状况, 据估计在下个世纪全球海平面将上升1595厘米。这足以把世界上三分之一人口的家园淹没。由于像蚊子这类传播疾病的昆虫的栖息地的扩大，传染性疾病也将变得越来越多，许多物种或许不能适应如此剧烈的气候变化而最终灭绝。(2) 但是，总的来看，那个长期的真正能够解决环境危机的方法却被所有的领导人忽视了。倘若不去调整我们的经济，我们将只能是绿化垂死的树上的个别叶子。我们的政府，和它的前任们一样，坚持认为持续增长的全球贸易理所当然是一件好事情。因此，政府给予了无数直接或间接的资助。这些资助只能使那些生产远距离出口商品的大公司获益。B. Translate the following sentences into English.(1) As to the climate crisis, we are better off with a clean slate than a weak proposal because once the proposal is made, politicians will close the climate chapter for some time.(2) Shes cottoned on that her constant stomachache was caused by eating the smoked meat on offer last week at the local market.(3) That superstar descended on a small costal town, which was splashed across the front page of the local newspaper next day.(4) His last-ditch effort to win a place in the business world collapsed, which seemed frustrating. But in the long run, it was also for the best because he could learn a lot from the failure, (5) Parents lavish their love and care on their children. However, when they become old, some of them are condemned to live alone.(6) The present political leaders of our country, in line with his predecessors, were wedded to the belief that we should not retreat in the action against corruption.(7) The school dropouts in poverty-stricken areas came back to school by courtesy of the subsidies from government and donations from the kind people.(8) Under the effective organization by the local government, the damage caused by the flood has been watered down to the minimum.(9) Superpowers forge ahead in economic development, leaving other countries far behind. But it doesnt necessarily mean that they have the final say over everything.Book1(3)A. Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese.据美国国家过敏和传染病中心(NIAID)的研究人员说, 往猴子的鼻内喷一次试验疫苗, 猴子就可以免得非典。同时，一些荷兰的科学家已经成功地利用人类抗体保护了白鼬不受病毒侵袭。由亚历山大博克乐耶夫领导的NIAID科研小组给产生主要非典蛋白的基因（叫做SARS-S）注入一种削弱的人类流感病毒，再把这样培养出来的试验疫苗接种给四个猴子，而另外四个猴子给以安慰疫苗。八个猴子所给的疫苗均被直接喷入猴子的鼻腔。免疫接种后一个月，两组猴子都被有意染上非典。研究人员发现，从接受安慰疫苗的猴子的呼吸道的取样中有复制的病毒，这表明免疫接种失败。而在接受正常疫苗的猴子身上却没有这种症状。B. Translate the following sentences into English.(1) Though difficulties kept on cropping up in his research work, he stillsucceeded in finding this new element after solving all the problems.(2) The train was moving at such a good clip that one days travel brought him to the south with scorching sun from the northern part of the country covered with white snow.(3) During the first voyage in the sea, this ships engine broke down, so it was left at the mercy of the rough sea. (4) While seeking after their own profit, some companies ignore the farmer workers interest. Recently, the government has been bombarded with the complaints about delayed payment.(5) With the bird flu emerging in some Southeast Asian countries，our government has placed the imported food from those countries undercloser surveillance.(6) While economic globalization has brought absolute opportunities to some Chinese, the challenges it causes to others are also unmistakable.(7) To our relief, the vote in this conference stopped certain countries from containing China.(8) With some people, the old saying “Ones character at three years old seals his fate.” is true, but there are many people with different experiences.Book1(4)A. Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.何谓女权主义？根据一般定义，女权主义是一种重视女性及其贡献的哲学。它以在女性的社会、政治、经济权利平等为基础。女权主义者可以是任何人，包括男人、女人、男孩、女孩。此外，女权主义也可定义为一种运动，一场革命，参与它的男性和女性都希望这个世界平等，不要存在任何划分的界线。划分的界线或者说障碍就是广为大家所知的针对性别、性取向、年龄、婚姻状况和经济状况等方面的歧视和偏见。每个人都以他/她自己的性别观和平等观来看待这个世界。女权主义者认为这个世界不平等。他们希望看到性别歧视和男性优于女性的观念淡化，直至消失。B. Translate the following sentences into English.(1) Pearl Sydenstricker Buck was born to parents who were missionaries. She lived in China with her parents for seventeen years and was saturated in Chinese culture.(2) How can you justify your rude behavior towards your parents who love you so much?(3) He has grown up and outgrown the adolescent bad habits of smoking and drinking.(4) We hold that it is self-evident that no state should interfere with the domestic affairs of other nations. This is especially true of great powers.(5) Before their family life came down, they couldnt imagine that they would content themselves with the simple life: a small room, dry bread, and plain boiled water.(6) Though the outlaw boasted he would never be taken alive, he submitted to the police without any struggle when surrounded.(7) In order to receive higher education, she contend fiercely with herfather who believes that women are doomed to spending their life at the kitchen sink.(8) What the single mother has instilled in her daughter is feminism.Book1(5)A. Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.我们的计算机网络相当先进，不久会使我们有机会和当地公司甚至其他大学共享我们的教学专长。一个专门的远程学习中心已在酝酿之中。我们将越来越多地利用基于网络的计算机课程来提高我们的教学水平，同时也使校外的学生有机会学习。这并不意味着计算机终端将会取代教师，学生永远需要当场指导和高质量的面授。但这的确意味着我们可以逐步完善我们的教学课程，并使之以课本的形式让大家利用。就我们大学自身来讲，提供更多的学习机会一直是我们的第一要务。我们在努力解除剑桥的神秘感，增加录取公立中学毕业生的比率。我们要确保鼓励和支持少教民族、外国学生和残疾学生申请剑桥，确保妇女全面参与大学事务，增强她们在高级学术职位方面的代表性我们要鼓励校友们更加关心剑桥，以便吸收他们的专长和经验。B. Translate the following sentences into English.(1) According to my friends suggestion, the room was converted from a single bedroom to a study.(2) People always connect Xian with the Big Goose Pagoda and Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses.(3) College students must have access to a good library, through which their knowledge and experience can be enriched.(4) The dam was not strong enough to hold back the flood so that the river burst its banks and flooded the houses nearby.(5) Her success was largely due to her efforts. Also her parents words were a great contribution to her.(6) Through participating in planning our field trip, my group members and I had to define our intended learning goals for the students.(7) With the motive of revenge, I sent an e-mail to everyone in the officewhich began as follow: “We regret to inform you that you have missed this opportunity, .”(8) Even though this IC (integrated circuit) is expected to function as a latch circuit, it can also be used as the RS (recommended standard) flip-flop.Book1(6)A. Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese.(1) 美国并未激起产生恐怖主义根源的原始的民族和种族仇恨，然而，美国也并不能完全脱离干系。在中东地区，可能基于地域政治和经济上的考虑美国不得不既支持以色列的民主形式，又支持沙特阿拉伯的温和立场。但这种支持更多地促使和加剧了灾难性的民族主义，而并没有使经济和军事上的安全得到保证。以色列对占领区的控制点燃了阿拉伯世界的战火。沙特政权之所以仍然存在部分原因是由于默默地鼓励基督教原教旨主义者把他们对国内政治的不满发泄在美国和以色列身上。(2) 帕蒂西赫威特语气温和，言辞谨慎。当激动时，声音有些颤抖，“911事件之后，我们开始在全球范围内建立一个强有力的反恐联盟。但是如果我们要建立一个持久的、真正强有力的国际反恐联盟来确保安全，那么我们就得建立一个同样强有力的经济联盟。换言之，建立一个能够确保全球贸易自由，公平的经济联盟，因为假如我们不去解决整个发展中国家所面临的饥饿、苦难、挫败等问题，我们就永远解决不了恐怖主义以及其它危及世界和平的问题。”B. Translate the following sentences into English.(1) In big cities the increasing reliance of the third industry on guest workers is entrenched. Without legions of them to participate in the cities construction, the development of many cities would grind to a halt. (2) The development of economy mainly hinges on social stability. Therefore, the overwhelming task at present is to maintain stability. (3) An open international metropolis should practice cultural pluralism, where people with different cultural backgrounds coexist peacefully and develop together. (4) Due to drug abuse, he was detached from the people around him. Gradually, he embraced a moral revulsion towards drug abuse and was determined to give it up. (5) He has a big car, a cottage, and all the other trappings of success. Buthe was not happy at all. (6) Some people turn a hostile eye toward those who dissent from their views, which is not what an open-minded person should do. (7) Contrary to what he expected, he failed to be promoted this time. After returning to his home, he vented his anger on his wife. (8) The American way of life is characterized by reverence for material abundance. Book1(7)A. Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese.管教孩子没有必要采取惩罚、强迫、管制或严厉批评的方式。对孩子应赞扬鼓励，既严格又和蔼，让他们处在轻松愉快的氛围中，而不应严加批评，这样他们将会学得更好。父母决定着家庭的氛围。父母对氛围的好坏有很大的影响。孩子在我们的满怀期望下要比在我们的管制下会做得更多、更好。我虽然不赞同孩子一有问题就责备家长，但我确信我们家长在家庭中的影响比我们意识到的要大得多。我们需要牢记这种影响，并充分施展这种影响，而永远不要对孩子失望。 家长在烦恼的时候应重整旗鼓，变换思维方式，重新评价孩子。尝试周到的家庭教育需要时间，需要费心，还需要一个轻松的环境。如果你情绪不好，就要让你和孩子冷静一段时间。解决问题的方法经常在情绪平静时想出来。B. Translate the following sentences into English.1. She has quitted her job to take care of her baby, and for better or worse, she cannot afford to think of too much.2. To point out that a child has learning disability cannot account for that he cannot learn. The point is to find out exactly where the problem is.3. For some women, bearing children will not have to result in a black-and-white situation-staying home with the baby or keeping up at work.4. In this novel, Rip is such a character who idled away with his dog all day long in the village, except occasionally running errands for his wife whom he was afraid of.5. The performance of the art group attracted so many workers that the audience spilt over from the auditorium to the surrounding area.6. In order to speed up development, our country has reached reciprocal agreements with many other countries.7. They think that one of the important manifestations of democracy is that all the people can enjoy the freedom of voicing their minds.8. The poverty and hardships during his childhood encouraged this president never to waver to become a self-made man, which has been a model for the world.Book1(8)A. Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese.朦胧之中显现出来的那庞然大物，十分宏伟，寂然不动而气势超凡。那就是中国的长城。它与世无涉，像大自然似的，沿着山的一侧蜿蜒而上，再往下进入山谷深处。每隔一定的距离就有一座了望台，冷峻威严，铁面无私，坚不可破。建造它已无情地夺取了千百万人的生命，每一块灰色大砖石上都染满了俘虏和囚徒者的斑斑血泪，正因为如此，它跨越崇山峻岭奔向远方。它无所畏惧，漫漫征程无尽头，一程又一程地走到亚洲最远的地方。它孑然而立，像它所捍卫的帝国那样神秘莫测。这就是中国的长城，在朦胧中庞大宏伟，寂然不动，气势非凡。B. Translate the following sentences into English.1. The fresh morning air, the singing of birds, the trees and flowers on the sides of the streets, the stars at night conspire to make you feel how beautiful the life is.2. Some Chinese brands have found their place in the international market by means of the competitive price. At the same time they have not ignored such strategies as product quality, efficient distribution, and after-sale services.3. Several friends of my sister, Mary, frequently informed her that her best friend, Carol, had said bad things about her behind her back. They brainwashed her into believing it, but she was very sorry when she found out it was not true.4. A politician must strive to project himself if he wants to win an election.5. With the fast pace of life, people feel that their time is limited, and that they drive faster and faster, which makes the roadway look like a racing track. The automobiles running at a high speed seriously threaten the safety of pedestrians.6. Nowadays people become increasingly dependent on automobiles. Despite one mile round trip to work, they will resort to automobiles.7. Low in price and good in quality, the commodities made in China have won hearts of the consumers all over the world.8. Starting from scratch, Chinese automobile industry has gradually developed into what it is now. But with it at the preliminary stage, it is impractical to set an excessively high quality standard for it.Book1(9)A. Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese.（1）但是如果私人太空机构回避出于炫耀目的的载人太空旅行，那么完全有理由相信他们将为出于个人、商业、科学以及其他原因想要或需要去太空旅行的人们提供非常好的服务。在许多美