雅思培训心得-福州新航道-Tony.doc

福州雅思培训我的雅思口语教学心得The arrangment are based on the priority of getting 6.5 + from 5.5Fluency and CoherenceTo get higher marks, you need to1. Be willing to speak at length and easy to follow./ Develop answers fully with logical reasoning. 2. Use a range of connetors/cohesive words/discourse marker/ linking words flexibly.3. be aware of Cohesion and coherenceCohesion的功能就像是glue，把信息/观点联系起来。Cohesive words包括：discourse markers，（firstly，additionally，and etc.）代词（起到referencing的功能）的准确使用;Sequence markers(then, next, after that etc.)；话题词汇在语境下的完整使用；连词conjunctions （however，although etc.）等等。P.S. 代词的准确使用也可以从语法的角度来考查。换言之，从两个角度来考查代词的准确使用，语法上以及ideas.而Coherence则是从全部idea（前后文）的阐述是否一致来考查。那么，如何提高主动做长时间论述的能力呢？（For teachers）1. Facilitate practise！（Give students much time to talk on class.）2. Raise their confidence! (create a scene and make everybody interested, comfortable and be willing to become a part of conversation, meaning teachers shouldnt correct students mistakes too often.)3.Develop strategies. (pairwork for practise and group work for brainstorming ideas.)A. Who/ what / where / when /why (人物、时间、地点)B. Social perspectives (政治，经济，文化，科技，传媒，环境，健康，心理，旅游)C. state summary view give reasons give examples summarize main argument. (Hot topic game 可以用在课前热身，以pairwork的形式呈现。)D. Opinion reason / pro.or consE. problems / cause / effects / solution / related problems.Problems Causes EffectsSolutionsRelated problems“Excessive TV watching”-Lack of leisure options-so many TV channel available-Obesity and health issue.-eyesight problem-behaviors-cardio-vascular activity-educating parents-PC and video games-sedentary lifestyle-TV violencePronunciation：首先，写出一个句子，让学生以清晰完整的读音呈现，（unnatural）然后对比正常的说话方式，引导学生注意到一些常用的发音技巧对于提升自己发音的重要性。最佳的提高发音的方式，就是鼓励学生听和模仿native speakers 的发音，可以通过听录音以及看视频的方式，然后mimick them。如果考生以memorized language呈现地话，很容易从pronunciation这个角度找到线索。因为chunks和pauses 会呈现出不自然的地方。Positve features 包括：Chunking: Talking for a few seconds followed by a pause of a second, then another burst of speech, is an effective way to deliever a talk or speech. （意群，词块）Connected speech: spoken language in a which words join to form a connected stream of sounds. Some sounds in words may be left out or may be pronunced in a weak way. （连读）Schwa：a very short unstressed vowel sound, like “to” “the”. Also known as weak form. “I went to the school yesterday.” (弱读)Elision: The omission of one or more sounds(such as a vowel, a consonant or a whole syllable) in a word or phrase, producing a result that is easier for the speaker to pronunce. A common example is contractions. （省略）Overall need for the complexity, flexibility regarding Lexical resource and grammar 1. Corpus (collocation) 高分学员需要对native speakers常用的搭配有明确的使用意识，而且能使用得很准确，自然。李传伟老师推荐： 2. 使用“paraphrasing game”（例如 hot seat）在课程中。对于比较复杂的词汇，比较少用到的词汇对于考高分的同学而言是很重要的一个能力体现，但是要求使用得准确，自然。学生能因此获得7分以上的成绩。但是，如果把这些单词用错语境或者呈现memorized的感觉的话，是达不到7分的。所以对于程度在7分一下的考生而言，记住这些单词是浪费时间，而他们需要真正练习的是paraphrasing的能力。P.S. 掌握一些同义词也是很有帮助的。3. work on the accuracy and the flexible mix control of simple and complex stutures.Grammar range and accuracy：1. 能够很有意识且准确地使用不同的/多样的时态。2. 复杂句式结构有着决定性的作用。P.S.在part 2 中，想要获得高分的考生尽量说得接近两分钟。需要从以下几个方面提升：1. Be willing to speak at length.2. get your meaning across clearly and naturally.3. Use complex structures flexibly4. Be aware of collocations and high level vocabulary.心得：最重要的：作为教师和学生，一定把be willing to speak 作为主要的提分工具。而不要太过分在意准确性。尤其是对于教师而言，绝对不要把重点放在学生的准确性上。因为这会让学生说英语的时候越来越不自信。只要学生愿意主动做长时间论述，就有可能获得不错的分数。当然，准确度越高，分数也越高。（That means TEACHERS should just encourage students to speak, speak and speak.）从细的角度而言：1. 有意识地且flexibly使用复杂语言 （vocabulary/grammar两个角度）。2. 建议说英文的时候slow down。真正的语言能力强的人是以正常的语速来有逻辑、很自然的方式来表达自己的想法，会使用stress来强调自己的观点与态度。（He knows what he says！）3. 提升说英文时的自信心。（keep talking and enjoy it.）4. 学生应该有一个partner，在课前，课上和课后用英文沟通。（very important）。而教师应该在上课前和上课过程中创造出一个舒适地说英文的环境。可以使用一些activities， 例如 “Hot Seat” , “Just a minute” “Hot topic(structuring)” 等。A. “Just a minute game” 适合用来开始part 2 cue cards 的warm-up section。适合pairwork目标是鼓励学生be willing to speak at length，以及to improve fluency。规则：在一分钟时间内描述一个给定的话题，partner 轮流完成。游戏的结束以如下几个方式：hesitation，repetition or going off the topic 这三者中的任意一个。强调地是accuracy of language is not important when playing this game！Just talk！B. Hot Seat (代替听写的绝佳课堂互动游戏)。选择既定的话题词汇，通过pairwork或者class acitivity来完成。目标是鼓励学员speak at length以及paraphrasing的能力。C. Mind map D. Singing English songs. 从5.5分提升到6.5分的优先准备安排（3 priority areas）：The aims are to be natural, flexible and be able to show complexity.1. Fluency and coherence (speak at length without noticeable effort or loss of coherence). Its important to be able to speak at length clearly and naturally about a topic and give a clear opinion. Many candidates give answers that are too short. Others give longer answers but which do not have a clear opinion and/or sound unnatural and memorized.2. pronunciation(Use a range of pronunciation features.) When giving longer answers, you need to speak in natural “chunks” of language and with natural rhythm, stress and connected speech. Many candidates do not pause or emphasise in a natural way and can sound a bit robotic. Giving memorized mini-speech can contribute to this unnatural delivery.3. Overall need for flexiblity. (Use a range of complex structures, vocabulary and connectives with some flexiblity.) A flexible use of language needs to be shown.Some candidates repeat the same simple language in their answers and many give quite fixed, memorized responses with little or no natural flexiblity in the choice of language they use.注意事项：1. 对于复杂的词汇使用不恰当2. 被动地使用复杂结构3. 使用背诵的一些语料以上这三者