攻克大学英语六级翻译句子.doc

四级翻译部分为汉译英，共5个句子，一句一题，句长为15-30词，句中的一部分已用英文给出，考生需根据全句意思将汉语部分译成英语，考试时间5分钟。 翻译题重点考察考生对语法结构及常用英语表达习惯的掌握情况。近几年常考语法点(1)句型以及其倒装使用2008年6月翻译真题第91题：_(直到他完成使命)did he realize that he was seriously ill. (Key：Not until he accomplished / finished the mission )建议：以此类推，掌握如下常用句型(以倒装方式给出)Not only .but alsoSo ( Such )that。.Not until。Neither.nor。.Hardly .when。.No sooner than。Only by /through /in ., 。.例：Not only _ (他向我收费过高)but he didnt do a good repair. (key：did he charge me too much)(2)从句a. 定语从句2008年12月翻译真题第87题：Medical researchers are painfully aware that there are many problems _(他们至今还没有答案) (Key :which/that they havent found answers to)b. 状语从句真题中出现过如if 条件状语从句(2007 年6月第 91题)，no matter引导的让步状语从句(2007年12月第89题和2008年6月第89题)建议：关于定语从句，到目前为止所考察的均为关系代词which/ that等所引导的，所以考生需额外留意关系副词where/ when/how 所引导的定语从句。对于状语从句，继续复习如时间状语从句，方式状语从句，因果状语从句等其他类状语从句。除却定语从句，状语从句外，名词性从句也需加 强，如宾语从句(特别注意wish/ would rather 引导的宾语从句中虚拟样式)，表语从句，同位语从句甚至主语从句。(3)非谓语动词a. 分词做伴随状语2008年6月第90题：_(与我成长的地方相比) this town is more prosperous and exciting. (key : Compared with the place where I grew up)注意，答案中除过去分词(compared with )做伴随外，还含有where引导的定语从句。b. 动词不定式做目的状语2006年6月第88题_(为了挣钱供我上学)，Mother often takes on more work than is good for her. (Key : to support my university studies )建议：由于非谓语动词除分词和动词不定式外，还包括动名词，但尚未考察过，所以考生有必要预备非谓语动词之“动名词”情况。(4)其他类语法如：虚拟语气，比较级，情态动词。(5)常用词组：尤其是动介词组，如adapt to ., have trouble doing ， be likely to do. , attribute to。.等类似样式（6） 虚拟语气1、虚拟语气虚拟语气是翻译部分的考查重点，因为虚拟语气的形式多样，因此也成为备考翻译题时的难点。虚拟语气的用法主要有以下几点：1）虚拟条件句中，主句与从句中谓语动词的形式可分为下面三类：条件从句主句与现在事实相反的假定一般过去时would/could /should/might + 动词原形与过去事实相反的假定过去完成时would/could/should/might + 动词的现在完成时推测未来不可能实现或实现可能性很小的假定should + 动词原形were to + 动词原形 would/could /should/might + 动词原形2）一些能引起虚拟语气的某些介词、介词短语和连词的用法，如：lest，in case等。in case，lest后面的句子使用虚拟语气，意思为“以防，以免”，虚拟语气的形式为should+动词原形，should不可以省略，但可以不用虚拟语气而改用陈述语气。3）一部分表示建议、主张、命令、紧要等概念的词语，由于本身隐含说话人的主观愿望，其后的主语从句、宾语或同位语从句往往采用“（should)动词原形”的虚拟形式，如：suggest, propose, command, order, request, require等。4）一些形容词后面的主语从句中往往采用“（should）动词原形”，这些形容词包括important，essential，necessary，urgent，vital等。88.If she had returned an hour earlier, Mary _ (就不会被大雨淋了).（2009.6）【答案】would not have been caught in the heavy rain。本句考查的是一个与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。从句使用的是过去完成时had returned，因此主句也必须是情态助动词加上完成时。另外“被雨淋到”要使用be caught in the rain这一说法。 89.Youd better take a sweater with you（以防天气变冷）.（2008.12）【答案】in case /lest it should turn cold。本题考查的是in case和lest后面的句子要使用虚拟语气，其形式是should加动词原形。（7）常考句型1）It is+形容词+that【例句】It is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life.【翻译】可想而知，知识在我们的一生中扮演着重要的角色。2）It is+形容词+to do/ doing【例句】She had said what it was necessary to say.【翻译】她已经说了一切有必要说的话。3）祈使句/名词+and/ or【例句】Work hard, and you will finally be able to reach your destination.【翻译】努力工作，你就能实现自己的目标。4）as+many/much+名词+as【例句】It is said that visitors spend only half as much money in a day in Leeds as in London.【翻译】据说，游客每天在利兹的花销仅为在伦敦的一半。5）倍数词+as+形容词+as【例句】The reservoir is three times as big as it was ten years ago.【翻译】这个水库的面积是十年前三倍。 I.汉语从反面表达，译文从正面表达 我们确信，年轻一代将不会辜负我们的信任。 Weareconfidentthattheyoungergenerationwillproveworthyofourtrust.(短语) II.汉语从正面表达，译文从反面表达 他这个人优柔寡断，而且总是反复无常。 Hewasanindecisivesortofpersonandalwayscapricious.(词) 合句法 对我来说，我的水族箱就像我自己的一个小王国。我就是里面的国王。(从主语变换处合译) TomemyaquariumislikemyownlittlekingdomwhereIamthe king. 1._seen_(从太空上来看)，our earth, with water covering about 75% of its surface, appears as a “blue planet”.2.Anti-government demonstrations do occur, but seldom, if ever, _(在报纸上有所报道)。3.He lent me a thousand pounds,_(那正好是我需要的数目)to solve my problem.4.The villagers_(理所当然地认为)that we should build new roads.5._(如果我和我兄弟之间出现争吵)，my dad settles it.答案：1. Seen from spaceSeen from space此处用做状语，它和句子主句the earth 的关系是被动的，要用过去分词，being seen 是现在分词的被动形式，这种形式用在动作正在进行或与谓语表示的动词同时发生，在作状语的分词里较少适用。2. are they reported in the newspaperbut 后的分句是以含有否定意义的seldom起首的，后面要用倒装结构。由于是被报纸报道，所以report 要用它的被动形式。3. which is exactly the amount I needed此处用关系代词which 指代a thousand pounds.英语中表示金钱、时间、距离等数量的名词短语，虽然形式上是复数的，其后动词仍用单数形式。4. take it for grantedtake it for granted 是固定搭配，意思是“理所当然地认为”。5. If any quarrel arises between my brother and me此句容易把arise 用成rise，但是 rise的意思是“升起，起来”，而arise 的意思是“出现，发生，呈现”，主语一般为抽象名词，如“problem, trouble, quarrel”等.1_(钟声响了) and we realized it was already two oclock in the afternoon.2.Finding it difficult to _(适应那里的气候)，he decided to move to the north.3.He asked the teacher to_(解释得更详细一些)。4_(与成年人学习外语相比) children do not have good conditions, but they can master mother tongue completely.5._(就外表而言)，Jack and his younger brother have little in common.答案：1. The clock struck时钟报时用strike,而不用ring.电话铃响了一般用ring.2. adapt to the climate thereadapt to 有“与相适应”的意思，还可以用“be accustomed to ”或“be adjusted to”来表达类似的意思。注意这些“to”后面一定要跟名词或动名词。3. explain the word in greater detail“explain the word in greater detail”即“详细解释某事”的意思。4. Compared with adults learning foreign languages此句考查分词的正确使用，它的主语是children,与adults相比，与compare是动宾关系，所以要用表示被动关系的过去分词形式。5. As far as the appearance is concerned“as far as something is concerned”表示“就而言”，相似的短语有“as something referred”,表示就某事物的某方面作说明。1.Dont you be told that _(这两本书并非都是有益的)2.Although most people like music,_(但并非人人都想去听音乐会)3._(他的一切计划都泡汤了),so dont count on his fulfilling the task on time.4.He is so excited_(他此时此刻的心情是无法用语言来形容的)答案：1.both of the books are not helpful2.not everyone wants to go to the concert3.All his plan came to nothing4.that his feelings are beyond words. 1._(我们忍不住笑起来)when he finished the story.2._(人们不能不被他的事迹所感动)after knowing the bachelor has adopted five orphans.3. Dont always stick to routines, and you must know_(没有无例外的规则)。答案：1.We could not help laughing2.One cannot but be moved by his deeds3.there is no rule but has its exceptions1. The tall figure that I saw_(不是别人，正是我们的校长)。2. To everyones surprise,_(他只是一味的笑)。3. _(这正是我父亲做的那个试验)in the lab yesterday.答案：1. was none other than our president2. he did nothing else than laugh3. It was the experiment that my father did1.I am badly ill,_(不是肉体上，而是精神上)。2.It is not heroes who create the people, but the people _(创造英雄并推动历史向前)。3.It is a big joke that _(无论何时我听到它都忍不住笑起来)。4.The man who stolen my watch was _(不是别人，正是约翰)。答案：1.not bodily, but mentally2,who create heroes and move history onward3.I cant help laughing whenever I hear it4.no other than John1. One blind man says that_(与其说大象像别的东西，不如说它像一根长矛。）2. Scientists believe that_(与其说海洋分隔了世界，倒不如说海洋连接了各国。）答案：1. the elephant is more like a spear than anything else2. Oceans dont so much divide the world