Unit4-problems-and-advice.doc

Unit 4 : Problems and adviceKey points of vocabulary1.onlineadj.在线的 反义词off-line Youcanchattootherpeoplewhoareonline.2. dietn.规定饮食 （be)onadiet节食 balanced diet 均衡饮食 sugar-free diet drinks 无糖低热量饮料 diet pills 减肥药3. thoughconj.虽然,尽管 同义词althoughthough可放在句首或句中，不能与but连用 Thoughshesalmost40,shestillplanstocompete. Tomkepthimselfinthoughhewasveryangry.4. awful adj.很坏的，糟透了，难受的 awfully adv 十分，非常 I am awfully sorry. 5.regretv.懊悔同义词besorryfor提示：regret的常见用法有：A. regret+名词/代词 eg:She immediately regretted her decision.B. regret+that/wh-从句eg:I regret that I was unable to accept your kind invitation.C.regret +动词不定式，表示“很遗憾地做某事” eg:I regret to say you failed the exam.D.regret +动名词，意为“后悔做了某事” eg:I regret taking his advice at that time.6. ashamedadj.惭愧；羞愧 feelashamedof/at感觉羞愧的 beashamedtodosth 羞愧做某事 ashamedthatshame n 羞愧，令人遗憾的事 a sense of shame 羞愧感 what a shame！多可惜！真丢脸！ IfeltashamedofthethingsIdsaidtohim. Imashamedtoadmitit. ImashamedthatIhaventrepliedtoyourletteryet.7. situation n 情况，状况 social situation 社会环境 current situation 现状8. hate v讨厌 hate to do hate doing sth n hatred 同义词dislike反义词love9. advantage(s) n优势 take advantage of sbsth 利用某人某物 反义词disadvantage10. embarrassed adj 尴尬的 feel embarrased 感到尴尬 embarrassing adj 令人尴尬的 embarrass v.使尴尬 That was an embarrassing situation for me. 对我来说，那是个令人尴尬的场面。 His clumsiness embarrassed him. 他的笨拙令他尴尬。11.suggest v建议 suggest doing sth 建议做某事 n.suggestion&advice12.madadj.很生气；气愤=especiallyangry drivesb.mad让某人受不了 madatsb be madaboutsth go/getmad Wegetmadateachothersometimes. Theresnoneedtogetmadaboutit!13.messn.杂乱；不整洁 makeamess搞得一塌糊涂 What a mess！真是一团糟 messyadj.杂乱的；不整洁的 Thehousewasa_ Thehousewas_ WhenIgothome,thehousewasacomplete_14.annoyingadj.使恼怒的；使生气的 annoyedadj.恼怒的,气恼的 annoyv.使生气,惹恼 The interruptionis very annoying. I am annoyed by his bad manners. 类似构词： interest-interesting-interested surprise-surprising-surprised frighten-frightening-frightenedexcite-exciting-excited15. fail v 不及格，失败 fail the exam & pass the exam fail to do th 未能做某事16.carelessadj.粗心造成的 反义词careful17. comment(s) n.评论 no comment 无可奉告18. request nv 要求 request (sb) to do sth. To express a desire for; ask for （表达愿望;要求） To ask (a person) to do something （要一个人做一些事情）19.politeadj.有礼貌 反义词impolite/rude politelyadv. politenessn.20.nonepron.没有一个；毫无 none of ones business 与某人无关 Shewaitedforareply,butnonecame.比较none, no one /nobody ,nothingno one/nobody 常用来指人，作主语时谓语动词 要用单数形式。Nothing常用来指物，作主语时谓语动词 也要用单数形式。None既可指人也可指物，作主语时，如果和of连用指不可数名词时，谓语动词要用单数形式；指可数名词时，谓语动词用单，复数形式均可。No one likes a person with bad manners.Nothing is difficult in the world if you put your heart into it.None of the work is done by Bob.None of them has/have seen me before.21.examn.考试 同义词examination/testpass/failanexam22.outofplace格格不入 Ifeltoutofplaceatthebirthdayparty. hearfrom收到某人的信件同义词get/receivealetterfrom23. laughat嘲笑；讥笑 同义词makefunof24. hear from sb = receive a letter from sb 收到某人的来信单词一、根据中文提示或首字母，补全句子。1. The girl worked as an artists _ (模特).2. She was deeply _（羞愧的）of her behavior at the party.3. What should I do in this _(情况)？4. I dont _(后悔) telling her what I thought.5. Many accidents happen because people are _(粗心的)。6. This method has many _(优势)。7. The weather is _(极坏的) today.8. The cat should be on a d_. It s too fat.9. The man is really a_. He never stops talking.10. She went m_ after the death of her son.二 适当形式填空。1. she was injured (bad) in the accident.2. He gave us some useful (suggest)on how to learn Fench.3. He was (annoy) to hear them talk like that.4. Itsimportanttoaskforinformationorhelp_(polite).5. Iwanttogiveyousome_(advise)onhowtogiveupsmoking.6. Shefelt_(embarrass)whenshefelldowninpublic.7. Oneofthiscars_(advantage)isthatitdoesntusemuchgasoline.8. Samuel_(hate)hisboss,becausehegiveshimsomuchwork.9. Iregretted_(say)thisatthemeeting.10. WhenIlookedintotheroom,IfoundPhiliphimself_(lie)inbed. III. key points ofReading:1. Wesawaladylyinginthestreetseesb.doingsth.看到某人正在做某事 seesb.dosth看到某人做过（经常做）某事Isawthelittlegirlcryinginthepark. _Theoldmansawthemanplaywiththecat._lie(撒谎)lied liedlying(躺)laylainlying拓展：hear/notice/watch和see有相同的用法2. Itwasawfulofthemtolaughather,andIregretnotsayinganything. Itis+adj+ofsb+todosth.=sb.isadj.todosth. Theywereawfultolaughather. regretdoingsth.后悔/内疚做过某事 regrettodosth遗憾地去做某事 Iregrettotellyouthatyoucantpasstheexamination_3.itwasamistakeformymothertomakemeweartheseuglybraces. Itis+adj+forsb+todosth.=Todosthisadjforsb. Tomakemeweartheseuglybraceswasamistakeformymother._ makesbdosth.使某人做某事 wear穿(戴)着表状态；puton穿上表动作dress打扮后接人4. Shehasahabitofplayingthepiano.studying,andshealwaystakesmythingswithouttellingme. haveahabitofdoingsth有做某事的习惯 TheSmithshaveahabitofgoingoutforawalkafterdinner._ takeonesthingwithouttellingsth未经允许就拿走某人的东西 LittleTomtookhisclassmatesrulerwithouttellinghim._5.Itrytokeeptheroomtidy,but. trytodosth尽力做某事 trydoingsth尝试做某事Youmusttrytobemorecareful._Itriedgardeningbutdidntsucceed._keepsthadj保持某物某种状态 keepsbdoing使某人持续做某事Pleasekeepthewindowopen/closed._Hekeptthelittlegirllaughing._6. She used to be full of energy，but now she is always tired. used to do 过去常做某事 （否定句，一般过去时句型） be used to doing sth 习惯于做某事 used sth to do sth 用某物做某事 Sth. be used to do sth 某物被用来做某事 翻译：现在我习惯早起散步。_ 刀子被用来切东西。_7.I have to share a room with my seven-year-old sister,and shes driving me mad.我不得不和我七岁的妹妹合住一个房间，而她真让我受不了。share a room with somebody与某人分享某物 share a room with 与合住一个房间eg:I often share my lunch with my best friend.seven-year-old是一个复合形容词，意为“七岁大的”，用作定语，修饰一词。.eg:This is a 30-metre-wide river.I have a three-year-old brother. 语法部分：句子的成分1、主语：是一句的主体，是全句诉说的对象，常用名词、数词或代词担任（是全句谈论的中心话题）。例：(1) Students syudy.（名词） (2)We are fridends.（代词）(3)To go to good university is his first goal.（不定式）(4)Doing morning exercise is good for your health.（动名词）(5)What he has said is true.2、谓语：是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，常用动词或动词词组担任，放在主语的后面（主语做什么了、怎么了）。例：(1)Students study.（实意动词）(2)We are friends.（be动词）(3)He can speak English.（复合谓语）(4)She seems tired.(系动词)3、宾语：表示行为的对象，常由名词或代词担任，放在及物动词或代词之后（动作的对象，目标；位于及物动词之后）。宾语分为间接宾语和直接宾语。直接宾语指物，间接宾语指人。例：(a)He gave me some books.间接宾语 直接宾语(b)Please pass me the book.(c)He bought me some flowers.注：位于介词之后的成分也称之为宾语。4、宾语补足语：是对宾语进行补充说明，宾语和宾语补足语一起构成复合宾语。例：(1)I found the book interesting.(2)Do you smell something burning?主动语态变成被动语态后，宾语补足语变成主补。例：(1)I last saw him playing near the river.He was last seen playing near the river.(2)The teacher caught the student cheating in the exam.The student was caught cheating in the exam.5、定语：是用来说明或者限制名词的成分，常用形容词或者相当于形容词的短语或从句担任（是用来说明名词或代词性质特点的词）。形容词放在名词前，相当于形容词的短语或从句放在名词之后。例：(1)This is a red sun.(2)The black bike is mine.6、状语：是用来说明动词，形容词，副词、介词短语或整个句子的成分，常由副词担任。修饰动词的可以放在动词之前，也可以放在动词之后；修饰形容词或副词的放在它们之前。例：(1)The students study hard.(2)I often write to him.(3)The bag is too heavy.(4)I will be back in a while.7、表语：系动词后的部分就是表语，表语是用来说明主语的性质或状态。一般由名词或者形容词担任。常见的系动词有：be(am,is,are,were,was),aapear,look,seemfeel,smell,taste,sound,keep,turn,become,get,grow,come,go etc.系动词不用于被动语态。例：(1) This table is long.(2) The apple tastes sweet.通常情况下，主语和宾语前的成分是定语，谓语前的成分是状语，时间作状语放在句子的后面。（定语） 主语 （状语） 谓语（ 定语） 宾语（状语）。(1)(The tall) boy (often) go (to the big) zoo.(2)(The happy) child went (his) home yesterday.英语五种基本句型： 基本句型一：S+V （主+谓） 基本句型二：S+V+P (主+系+表) 基本句型三：S+V+O (主+谓+宾) 基本句型四：S+V+o+O (主+谓+间宾+直宾) 基本句型五：S+V+O+P (主+谓+宾+宾补)Unit 4 : Problems and advice 课后练习1、 英汉互译。 对.担心 _ 嘲笑 _遗憾做某事 _搞得一塌糊度 _感到惭愧 _与某人无关 _ 收到某人的来信 _过去经常做某事 _有做某事的习惯 _讨厌做某事 _ 害怕某事某人 _偶然地，意外地 _节食 _ 让某人受不了_ feel embarrassed _ radio programme _lose weight_ be annoyed with sb._be full of energy_ wear braces_ 二单项填空。1. -I often have hamburgers for lunch. -Youd better not. Its bad for you _too much junk food. A.eat B.to eatC.eating D.ate2. -You look worried. Whats your _? -I have trouble learning English. A.name B.question C.problem D.job3. I saw Li Ming _ near the river on my way home. A.plays B.playing C.to play D.played4. Our English teacher is very kind and makes us feel_. A.relaxed B.relaxing C.to relax D.relax5. We should give the boy another chance _ he has made some mistakes. A.though B.whenC.unless D.because6. It is impolite to _ those persons in trouble. A.laugh to B.laugh withC.laugh of D.laugh at7. -Could you come to the party this weekend? -Im afraid I cant join you. I _look after my grandma. A.used to B.have to C.prefer to D.belong to8. Her sister _ a taxi driver. Now she works for a charity. A.is used to be B.were used to beC.is used to being D.used to be9. -Why do you turn down the radio ? -Im _ waking the baby up. A.afraid of B.busy with C.careful of D.angry with10. Peter tried on three jackets, but _ of them fitted him. A.all B.both C.none D.neither家庭作业用单词的适当形式填空：1. Iget_(annoy)whensomeonetalktomeinthelibrary.2. He told me not (leave) after the meeting.3. He could you leave wi