安徽省合肥市2020届高三英语7月调研性检测（零模）试题（含解析）.doc

安徽省合肥市2020届高三英语7月调研性检测（零模）试题（含解析）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座位号、准考证号、县区和科类填写在答题卡和试卷规定的位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2b铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。3.回答非选择题时，必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置，写在本试卷上无效。如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、肢带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的a、b、c三个选项中选出最佳选 项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：how much is the shirt?a. 19.15. b. 9.18. c 9.15.答案是c。1.who does the woman think may have a more successful career?acathy.b.mike.c.carl.2.where does the conversation probably take place?a.on a train.b.at a hotel.c.in a restaurant. 3.what do we know about anderson?a.he is very lazy.b.he has changed a lot.c.he has learned a lot from his father.4what does the woman think of the joke?a.offensive.b.funny.c.old.5.what is the probable relationship between the speakers?a.librarian and library user.b.salesperson and customer.c.teacher and student.第一节（共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的a、b、c三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。6. why is the man going to sydney?a.to visit old friends.b.to relax himself;c.to attend a seminar.7. how will the woman get to toronto?a. by train.b. by air.c. by car.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. what kind of room does the man want to have?a. a suite.b. a single room.c. a double room.9. how much is the man going to pay?a. 180.b. 360.c. 400.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. what does the man think influences peoples personalities?a. their parents characters.b. the social media.c. the environment. 11. what does the woman say about the teenagers?a. they suffer from stress.b. they like to copy other teenagers.c. they are more independent than their parents.12. what has the man been doing?a. doing research into the new media.b. writing a book related to parenting.c. addressing changes in personality.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. what does the woman do?a. a chemist.b. a nurse.c. a doctor.14. how long can the man stay away from work?a. one or two days.b. over three days.c. about a week.15. what is wrong with the man?a. he may have flu.b. he has sleeping problems.c. he cant concentrate on his work，16. what will the man do next?a. get some rest.b. use the latest equipment.c. practise concentration.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. which of the following cities has four rush hours?a. seattle.b. athens.c new york.18. what may the gesture of raising two fingers mean in seoul?a. taking two people at a time.b. asking the driver for help politely.c. paying the driver twice the normal rate.19. why does rome avoid building new highways?a. to reduce the budget of construction.b. to encourage people to use cars less.c. to preserve historic sites in the city.20. what is the speaker mainly talking about?a. rush hour traffic around the world.b. effects of rush hour on peoples life.c. causes of traffic problems worldwide.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分)第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a、b、c和d四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。acheck off the four cornersarizona，utah，colorado and new mexico are not simply the only four american states that meet at a single point, but they also host the uss greatest concentration of national parks.this is the place to come for that classic scene of the lonely desert road extending to the horizon. on your way，take in such sights as the monument valley and the mysterious remains of centuries-old civilizations in colorados mesa verde.find beauty in the desertwith many miles of excellent roads，a self-drive trip in namibia makes total sense. plan a route north from capital windhoek to wildlife-rich etosha national park，before crossing damaraland to reach the skeleton coast. the most impressive desert views are in the namib-naulduft national park to the south. at sossusvlei，the landscape takes on the quality of a surrealist painting.cross half a continentthe 1,761-mile-long stuart highway runs north to south through australias red centre. it is not a road where every turn shows new wonders ； the reward of this trip comes in the gradual change in your surroundings, from red soils in australias outback to the tropical (热带的） leaves of the indian ocean coast.take the high roadamong all the crashing of continental plates that raised up the canadian rockies, a 144-mile route was left more or less clear at their center. the icefields parkway now passes through this amazing scenery； with the access it brings to icy lakes, waterfalls and icefields, the section between banff and jasper has a good claim to being the most scenic in the world.1. where can you experience ancient civilizations?a. in australias red centre.b. in the canadian rockies.c. in colorados mesa verde.d. in the namib-naukluft national park.2. what can you do on a self-drive trip in namibia?a. explore the monument valley.b. enjoy the striking desert views.c. save some endangered wildlife.d. go through the largest national park3. what can you infer about the trips mentioned in the text?a. they provide the amazing road adventures.b. they offer new wonders across the world.c. they are for those who love various national parks.d. they are intended to raise environmental awareness.【答案】1. c 2. b 3. a【解析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四条极具特色的公路旅行线路。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“on your way，take in such sights as the monument valley and the mysterious remains of centuries-old civilizations in colorados mesa verde.”可知，在科罗拉多梅萨维德你可以欣赏到古老文明的神秘遗迹，故c项正确。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“the most impressive desert views are in the namib-naulduft national park to the south. at sossusvlei”可知，在纳米比亚自驾游时，你可以欣赏到迷人的沙漠景色，故b项正确。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“this is the place to come for that classic scene of the lonely desert road extending to the horizon.”，第二段中的“the most impressive desert views are in the namib-naulduft national park to the south.”，第三段中的“it is not a road where every turn shows new wonders ； the reward of this trip comes in the gradual change in your surroundings, from red soils in australias outback to the tropical (热带的） leaves of the indian ocean coast.”及第四段中的“the icefields parkway now passes through this amazing scenery； with the access it brings to icy lakes, waterfalls and icefields, the section between banff and jasper has a good claim to being the most scenic in the world.”可知，这四条公路旅行路线都提供了不可思议的公路冒险，故a项正确。blife on the street is a constant struggle for homeless people. in times of extreme weather conditions, that struggle becomes even more difficult. recently, homeless people across chicago faced freezing to death if they couldnt find shelter for the night.thankfully, one local woman refused to let that happen. on january 30，2018, 34-year-old candice payne, a local managing broker, was lucky enough to have shelter from the dangerous conditions.“it was - 20, and i knew they were going to be sleeping on ice and i had to do something,” said payne. payne started brainstorming different ways she could possibly help. finally， she decided to see if there were any rooms available at local inns and hotels that she could get to help those stuck on the street.for payne, her mission was personal. according to payne, her husband, carlos callahan， had lived on the streets at one point in his life. based on his experiences, payne knew that the homeless people still out on the street desperately needed help and that if she didnt step up to help, no one likely would.however, when payne explained what she was trying to do，many of the local hotels refused to allow her to pay for the rooms as they didnt want homeless people to stay in their rooms. “no one wanted them, but one hotel, the amber inn, was nice enough to allow me to buy the rooms,” said payne.paynes selfless act made news across the country. however, she insisted she had never done it for attention. “i am a regular person, ” said payne, who spent thousands of dollars of her own money to help complete strangers.“it all sounded like a rich person did this, but im just a little black girl from the south side. ”4. what does the underlined word “ that” in paragraph 2 refer to?a. locals living on the streetb. the homeless freezing to death.c. the extreme weather.d. the shelter for the homeless.5. how did candice payne help the homeless people?a. by drawing public attention.b. by giving them money directly.c. by taking them to her own house.d. by buying hotel rooms for them.6. what may contribute to paynes nice act?a. her husbands past experiences.b. the requests from the homeless.c. her desire to become famous.d. the coldness of local hotels.7. which of the following can be the best title for the text?a. a black fighter changes the worldb. a womans curiosity brings a rewardc. a regular woman makes a differenced. a couples brave act moves the country【答案】4. b 5. d 6. a 7. c【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一个普通的芝加哥妇女买下琥珀宾馆的房间让无家可归者过夜，以免他们被冻死。【4题详解】词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“recently, homeless people across chicago faced freezing to death if they couldnt find shelter for the night.”可知，最近，芝加哥的无家可归者如果找不到过夜的地方，就会被冻死，再结合画线词前的“thankfully, one local woman refused to let”可知，幸运的是，一位当地妇女拒绝让这种事情发生，由此可知画线词指的就是前面提到的无家可归者被冻死的情况，故b项正确。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“but one hotel, the amber inn, was nice enough to allow me to buy the rooms,”可知，candice payne是通过买下琥珀宾馆的房间的方式来帮助那些无家可归者的，故d项正确。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“according to payne, her husband, carlos callahan， had lived on the streets at one point in his life. based on his experiences, payne knew that the homeless people still out on the street desperately needed help”可知，payne的丈夫曾有过露宿街头的经历，这让payne了解无家可归者极需帮助，所以决定帮助他们，故a项正确。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了一个普通的芝加哥妇女买下琥珀宾馆的房间让无家可归者过夜，以免他们被冻死，故c项（一位普通妇女的大影响）最适合作文章标题。cmuch of the public debate around early childhood education comes down to which matters more： academics or play. thats a false dilemma. play is really the way that young children learn and guided play is the key. its a way that they experience the world, and it helps them learn more deeply.we should be concerned that the“skill and drill”approach to teaching academics is most frequently used in classrooms serving at-risk preschoolers, in an attempt to close the gap on school readiness. unfortunately, these teaching methods can turn young kids off to school and introduces the possibility of shame and anxiety. 46 skill and drill” doesnt teach kids the curiosity and critical (批判的）thinking skills that they need to develop in early childhood.however, pure free playan approach advocated more frequently by wealthier groupsalso misses the mark. “i hear a lot about just free play classrooms. ” but suzanne bouffard, an education researcher, said if it only involves setting out materials and not thinking about learning goals, theres a real missed opportunity. for example, she said, researchers have found that children used more complex language about building activities when they had a goal in mind.what effective preschools aim for is “guided play”，in which adults create a purposeful play environment that encourages students to explore，for example, in setting up blocks, a teacher might put up pictures of buildings to inspire kids. they may ask students, “what are you doing?” and gently push kids thinking by offering new information.of course, the ability to find this balance rests with teachers. good teachers make it look really easy，thats why its really important that we invest(投入）in teachers and give them the training to guide play without overly controlling it and to encourage kids to develop an understanding of letters and numbers without “skill and drill”.8. which of the following matters most in early childhood education?a. having guided play.b. learning after play.c. seeing the world.d. studying academic courses.9. what do we know about the “skill and drill” approach?a. it works best for preschoolers.b. it helps develop kids curiosity.c. it limits kids development.d. it bridges the gap on school readiness.10. which of following best explains “misses the mark” underlined in paragraph 3?a. meets learning goals.b. loses points in exams.c. troubles the classroom.d. fails to achieve the goal.11. why does a teacher put up pictures of buildings?a. to encourage the kids to copy.b. to offer extra information.c. to share the teaching purpose with the kids.d. to inspire the kids to explore.【答案】8. a 9. c 10. d 11. d【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了有引导的玩耍对幼儿教育是最重要的。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“guided play is the key.”可知，有引导的玩耍对幼儿教育最重要，故a项正确。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“skill and drill” doesnt teach kids the curiosity and critical thinking skills that they need to develop in early childhood.”可知，“技能和训练”并不能教会孩子们在童年早期需要培养的好奇心和批判性思维能力，也就是说“技能和训练”方法会限制孩子的发展，故c项正确。【10题详解】词义猜测题。上一段说“技能和训练”并不能教会孩子们在童年早期需要培养的好奇心和批判性思维能力，不会促进孩子的学习，画线词前的also表明此处和前面的情况一样，即：纯粹的自由玩耍也不会促进孩子的学习，由此可知画线部分的意思是“未能达到（促进学习的）目标”，故d项正确。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“in which adults create a purposeful play environment that encourages students to explore，for example, in setting up blocks, a teacher might put up pictures of buildings to inspire kids”可知，老师张贴建筑物的图片是要启发孩子去探索，故d项正确。【点睛】本篇第3题词义猜测题的难度较大，对上一段“技能和训练”的弊端的理解是关键，上一段说“技能和训练”并不能教会孩子们在童年早期需要培养的好奇心和批判性思维能力，甚至还会让孩子产生厌学情绪，这种方法不会促进孩子的学习，画线词前的also表明此处和前面的情况一样，即：纯粹的自由玩耍也不会促进孩子的学习，由此可知画线部分的意思是“未能达到（促进学习的）目标”。din a major medical breakthrough, tel aviv university researchers have “printed” the worlds first 3d vascularized (有血管的）engineered heart using a patients own cells and biological materials. their findings were published on april is in a study in advanced science.“this is the first time anyone anywhere has successfully engineered and printed an entire heart,” says prof. tal dvir of department of materials science and engineering, who led the research for the study. “this heart is made from human cells and patient-specific biological materials. in our process, these materials serve as the bioinks, something made of sugars and proteins that can be used for 3d printing of complex tissue models，” prof, dvir says. “people managed to 3d print the structure of a heart in the past, but not with cells or with blood vessels (血管).our results demonstrate the potential of our approach for engineering personalized tissue and organ replacement in the future.”according to prof. dvir，the use of “ native ” patient-specific materials is important to successfully engineering tissues and organs.the researchers are now planning on culturing the printed hearts in the lab and “ teaching them to behave” like hearts, prof. dvir says. they then plan to transplant the 3d-printed heart in animal models.“we need to develop the printed heart further，” he concludes. “the cells need to form a pumping ability ； they can currently contract (收缩），but we need them to work together. our hope is that we will succeed and prove our methods efficacy (功效)and usefulness. “maybe, in ten years, there will be organ printers in the finest hospitals around the world，and these procedures will be conducted routinely. ”12. what does prof. dvir think of an early 3d-printed heart?a. it was highly practical.b. it was too expensive.c. it was personalized.d. it was too simple.13. what do we know about the latest 3d-printed heart?a. it can be cultured in the lab.b. it can match a patient perfectly.c. it has been transplanted in animals.d. it has been widely used in hospitals,14. what is prof, dvirs attitude to the development of the printed heart?a. ambiguous.b. positive.c. disapproving.d. cautious.15. what is the authors purpose in writing the text?a. to explain the basic principle of 3d technology.b. to introduce a breakthrough of medical research.c. to doubt the medical value of a new invention.d. to prove the effectiveness of the new technology.【答案】12. d 13. a 14. b 15. b【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究人员成功打印出了世界上第一颗有血管的3d打印心脏。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“people managed to 3d print the structure of a heart in the past, but not with cells or with blood vessels”可知，早期的3d打印心脏没有细胞核血管，由此可知，prof. dvir认为早期的3d打印心脏过于简单，故d项正确。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“the researchers are now planning on culturing the printed hearts in the lab”可知，研究人员目前正计划在实验室中培育这些打印心脏，由此可知，最新的3d打印心脏可以在实验室中培育，故a项正确。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“maybe, in ten years, there will be organ printers in the finest hospitals around the world，and these procedures will be conducted routinely.”可知，也许，十年后，世界上最好的医院将会有器官打印机，这些程序将会按常规进行，由此可知，prof, dvir对3d打印心脏的发展持积极态度，故b项正确。【15题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段中的“in a major medical breakthrough, tel aviv university researchers have “printed” the worlds first 3d vascularized (有血管的）engineered heart”可知，本文介绍的是研究人员成功打印出了世界上第一颗有血管的3d打印心脏，这是医学上的重大突破，作者写这篇文章就是为了介绍这一重大医学突破，故b项正确。【点睛】涉及到观点态度的推理判断题难度较大，抓住人物在文章中说的话是关键，因为话语是最能体现出一个人的观点态度的，例如本篇第3题，根据最后一段中prof, dvir的话“maybe, in ten years, there will be organ printers in the finest hospitals around the world，and these procedures will be conducted routinely.”可知，也许，十年后，世界上最好的医院将会有器官打印机，这些程序将会按常规进行，由此可知，prof, dvir对3d打印心脏充满了期待，也就是说他对3d打印心脏的发展持积极态度。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。an acquaintance has something in common with you and merely enjoys your company for a short time. a fair-weather friend flatters (讨好）you when the sun is shining and the birds are singing. _16_they would never do the following things.walk away when times get tough. true friendship is all about how a person helps another person when they are down and can give very little in return. thus, take note of who remains in your life when times get tough. seriously，when you come out the other side of a difficult period in your life, look around you. _17_hold hatred (憎恨）over your head. some peo