Unit_cultural_encounters课件.ppt

Unit4 Watchthevideoandanswerthefollowingquestions 1 Isthereanythingdifferentaboutthewedding Pre readingActivities Audiovisualsupplement1 Audiovisualsupplement Culturalinformation TheweddingisnotlikethetraditionalAmericanwedding Thebridegroomisfromadifferentculture Whenpeoplefromdifferentcultureslivetogether thebigproblemsforthemmaybethedifferentlanguages differentlifestyles differenteatinghabits anddifferentreligions etc 2 Whatarethebigproblemsforpeoplefromdifferentcultureswhentheylivetogether Pre readingActivities Audiovisualsupplement2 Audiovisualsupplement Culturalinformation Priest We vecometogethertoshowoursupportforSidneyandRachel andtheirjoininghandsandjoiningthemselvestogetherinholywedlock Theweather sbeenprettymiserableallweekend butnowit sabeautifulday Andit sabeautifuldaybecausewhentwopeoplecometogetherwhoreallyloveoneanotherandwanttosharethatwithotherpeople itmakesitabeautifulday SoSidneyWilliamsandRachelBuchmanhavecometodothat And Rachel yougofirst VideoScript1 Audiovisualsupplement Culturalinformation Rachel Sidney Rachel PaulBuchmanlikestosaythatthemeasureofagreatlifeisnothowwelllovedyouare buthowwellyouloveothers Sidney youteachmethateveryday Youarejustsofullofgrace andIpromisebeforeGodandthesebeautifulpeoplethatIwillloveyoufiercelyandsweetly AndIlookforwardtosharingthatgreatlifewithyou Thankyouformarryingme AllthatIeverwantedwastojusthearmusic andwhenImetyou Iheardyou And Rachel you rethemostbeautifulthingI veeverheard Thankyouformarryingme You rewelcome VideoScript2 Audiovisualsupplement Culturalinformation Humanbeingsdrawclosetooneanotherbytheircommonnature buthabitsandcustomskeepthemapart Confucius 1 Quote Culturalinformation1 Audiovisualsupplement Culturalinformation Culturalinformation2 Audiovisualsupplement Culturalinformation Thekeytoeffectivecross culturalcommunicationisknowledge 2 Cross culturalCommunicationStrategies First itisessentialthatpeopleunderstandthepotentialproblemsofcross culturalcommunication andmakeaconsciousefforttoovercometheseproblems Second itisimportanttoassumethatone seffortswillnotalwaysbesuccessful andadjustone sbehaviorappropriately Culturalinformation3 Audiovisualsupplement Culturalinformation Suggestionforheatedconflictsistostop listen andthink Thishelpsincross culturalcommunicationaswell Whenthingsseemtobegoingbadly stoporslowdownandthink Activelisteningcansometimesbeusedtocheckthisout byrepeatingwhatonethinksheorsheheard onecanconfirmthatoneunderstandsthecommunicationaccurately Oftenintermediarieswhoarefamiliarwithbothculturescanbehelpfulincross culturalcommunicationsituations Theycantranslateboththesubstanceandthemannerofwhatissaid Theymayexplaintheproblem andmakeappropriateproceduraladjustments GlobalReading Mainidea1 Textanalysis Structuralanalysis 1 Whichsentenceisthethesisstatement Thelastsentenceofthe3rdparagraph Mostfundamentalistheprofoundrelationshipbetweenlanguageandculturethatliesattheheartofsocietyandonethatweoverlookatourperil GlobalReading Mainidea2 Textanalysis Structuralanalysis 2 Compromising intheauthor sview isakeynotionintranslationandthusalsoininterculturalcommunication Numerousexamplesareusedtoexplainthisnotion Trytofindtheseexamples Paragraph4 ThelackofanexactcounterpartoftheEnglishword homesickness inotherlanguagessuchasItalian Portuguese andGerman Paragraph5 TheproblemofuntranslatabilitywhichtheearlyBibletranslatorsencountered GlobalReading Mainidea2 Textanalysis Structuralanalysis Paragraph6 EnglishandWelshspeakersmakeadjustmentsregardingthecolorspectruminthegrey green blue brownrange theflatbreadsofCentralAsiaarealongwayawayfromMother sPridewhiteslicedtoasties yettheword bread hastoserveforboth Structuralanalysis1 1 Whattypeofwritingisthisessay Andwhat sthemainstrategytheauthoradopttodevelopthebodyoftheessay Textanalysis Structuralanalysis Itisapieceofargumentation Abundantexamplesareprovidedtosupportherargumentinthebodyoftheessay Structuralanalysis2 Textanalysis Structuralanalysis ItdescribesthecommunicationsrevolutiontakingplaceworldwideandthewidespreaduseoftheEnglishlanguage andthenpointsoutthatthereareindeedproblemswiththecommunicationsrevolution 2 Dividethetextintopartsbycompletingthetable Itexemplifiesthatlanguageandculturearesocloselyinterrelatedthatoftenwefindthatwhatwecansayinonelanguagecannotbeconveyedatallinanother andthatconfrontedwithinsurmountablelinguisticproblems translatorsnegotiatetheboundariesbetweenlanguagesandcomeupwithacompromise Itbrieflypointsouttheimmensesignificanceofinterculturalunderstanding Structuralanalysis3 Textanalysis Structuralanalysis SusanBassnett CulturalEncounters Detailedreading1 Detailedreading Weliveinanageofeasyaccesstotherestoftheworld Cheapflightsmeanthatmillionsofpeopleareabletovisitplacestheirparentscouldonlydreamabout whiletheInternetenablesustocommunicatewiththeremotestplacesandthetraditionalpostalservicesarenowreferredtoalmostmockinglyas snailmail Whenstudentsgooffbackpacking theycanemailtheirparentsfromInternetcafesintheHimalayasorfromadesertoasis Andasformobilephones theclickingoftextmessagingatanyhourofthedayornighthasbecomefamiliartousall Everyone itseems provided ofcourse theycanaffordtodoso needneverbeoutoftouch 1 Detailedreading2 Significantlyalso thisgreatglobalcommunicationsrevolutionisalsolinkedtotheexpansionofEnglish whichhasnowbecometheleadinginternationallanguage ConferencesandbusinessmeetingsaroundtheglobeareheldinEnglish regardlessofwhetheranyonepresentisanativeEnglishspeaker Englishhassimplybecomethelanguagethatfacilitatescommunication andformanypeoplelearningEnglishisanessentialsteppingstoneontheroadtosuccess Detailedreading 2 Detailedreading3 Sowhy youmaywonder wouldanyonehavemisgivingsaboutallthesewonderfuldevelopments andwhydoestheriseofEnglishasagloballanguagecausefeelingsofuneasinessforsomeofus Forthereareindeedproblemswiththecommunicationsrevolution problemsthatarenotonlyeconomic Mostfundamentalistheprofoundrelationshipbetweenlanguageandculturethatliesattheheartofsocietyandonethatweoverlookatourperil Detailedreading 3 Detailedreading4 Differentculturesarenotsimplygroupsofpeoplewholabeltheworlddifferently languagesgiveusthemeanstoshapeourviewsoftheworldandlanguagesaredifferentfromoneanother Weexpresswhatweseeandfeelthroughlanguage andbecauselanguagesaresoclearlyculture related oftenwefindthatwhatwecansayinonelanguagecannotbeexpressedatallinanother TheEnglishword homesickness translatesintoItalianas nostalgia butEnglishhashadtoborrowthatsamewordtodescribeadifferentstateofmind somethingthatisnotquitehomesicknessandinvolvesakindoflonging Homesicknessandnostalgiaputtogetherarealmost butnotquite thePortuguese saudade anuntranslatablewordthatdescribesastateofmindthatisnotdespair Detailedreading 4 Detailedreading5 Detailedreading angst EnglishborrowedthatfromGerman sadnessorregret buthoverssomewhereinandaroundallthosewords TheearlyBibletranslatorshittheproblemofuntranslatabilityhead on HowdoyoutranslatetheimageoftheLambofGodforacultureinwhichsheepdonotexist WhatexactlywasthefruitthatEvepickedintheGardenofEden WhatwasthecreaturethatswallowedJonah giventhatwhalesarenotgiventoswimminginwarm southernseas Facedwithunsurmountablelinguisticproblems translatorsnegotiatedtheboundariesbetweenlanguagesandcameupwithacompromise 5 Detailedreading6 Detailedreading Compromisingissomethingthatspeakersofmorethanonelanguageunderstand Whentherearenowordsinanotherlanguageforwhatyouwanttosay youmakeadjustmentsandtrytoapproximate EnglishandWelshspeakersmakeadjustmentsregardingthecolorspectruminthegrey green blue brownrange sinceEnglishhasfourwordsandWelshhasthree Andevenwherewordsdoexist compromisesstillneedtobemade Theword democracy meanscompletelydifferentthingsindifferentcontexts andevenawordlike bread whichreferstoastaplefooditemmadeofflourmeanstotallydifferentthingstodifferentpeople TheflatbreadsofCentralAsiaarealongwayawayfromMother sPridewhiteslicedtoasties yettheword bread hastoserveforboth 6 Detailedreading7 Inevitably thespreadofEnglishmeansthatmillionsofpeopleareaddinganotherlanguagetotheirownandarelearninghowtonegotiateculturalandlinguisticdifferences Thisisanessentialskillintoday shybridworld particularlynowwhentheneedforinternationalunderstandinghasrarelybeensoimportant Butevenasmorepeoplebecomemultilingual sonativeEnglishspeakersarelosingout fortheyarebecomingevermoremonolingual andhenceincreasinglyunawareofthedifferencesbetweenculturesthatlanguagesreveal Communicatinginanotherlanguageinvolvesnotonlylinguisticskills buttheabilitytothinkdifferently toenterintoanotherculture smentalityandshapelanguageaccordingly Millionsofpeoplearediscovering Detailedreading 7 Detailedreading8 Detailedreading howtobridgecultures whiletheEnglish speakingworldbecomesevermorecomplacentandcutsdownonforeignlanguagelearningprogramsinthemistakenbeliefthatitisenoughtoknowEnglish Worldpeaceinthefuturedependsoninterculturalunderstanding Thosebestplacedtohelpthatprocessmaynotbetheoneswiththelatesttechnologyandstate of the artmobilephones butthosewiththeskillstounderstandwhatliesin underandbeyondthewordsspokeninmanydifferentlanguages 8 WhatdocheapflightsandtheInternetmeantopeopletoday Detailedreading1 Quesion1 Cheapflightsmeanthatmillionsofpeoplecanaffordtovisitplacestheirparentscouldonlydreamabout whiletheInternetmeansthatnumerouspeopleareabletocommunicatewiththeremotestplaceswithgreatease Detailedreading Detailedreading1 Quesion2 Detailedreading ExemplifyandexplainthatEnglishhasbecomethemostimportantinternationallanguage ConferencesandbusinessmeetingsaroundtheglobeareheldinEnglish regardlessofwhetheranyonepresentisanativeEnglishspeaker Englishhassimplybecomethelanguagethatfacilitatescommunication andformanypeoplelearningEnglishisanessentialsteppingstoneontheroadtosuccess Detailedreading1 Quesion3 Detailedreading Supplyspecificexamplestoprovethatlanguageandculturearecloselyrelatedtoeachother Numerousexamplesshowthatlanguageandcultureareinterrelated TakealookatsomeEnglishidiomsandseehowdifferenttheirChinesecounterpartsare adropintheocean沧海一粟tolaughone sheadoff笑掉大牙toshedcrocodiletears猫哭老鼠tospendmoneylikewater挥金如土tobebornwithasilverspooninone smouth生长在富贵人家 Detailedreading1 Quesion4 Detailedreading Explainandillustratewhat compromising and thespreadofEnglish mean For compromising refertoParagraph6ofthetext Asto thespreadofEnglish atypicalexampleisthespreadofEnglishinChina Comparedwithothernations ChinaboaststhelargestnumberofpeoplewhohavelearnedorarelearningEnglish ChineselearnersofEnglisharelearninghowtoovercomeculturalandlinguisticdifferences Intoday sChina themasteryofEnglishhasbecomeanimportantskillwhichisofgreatuseandvalueinallwalksoflife Thosewhoaremostcompetenttocontributetotheprocessofworldpeaceprobablyarethosewhohaveacquiredtheskillstounderstandtheliteral implied figurative orculturalmeaningsofthewordsspokeninmanydifferentlanguages Detailedreading1 Quesion5 Detailedreading 1 Accordingtothewriter whatisthegreatfunctionofinterculturalunderstanding Thewritersays Worldpeaceinthefuturedependsoninterculturalunderstanding Inotherwords interculturalunderstandingwillplayamostimportantroleinthepromotionofworldpeaceinthefuture 2 Whowillprobablybemostabletohelptheprocessofworldpeaceinthefuture accessn entrance wayin meansofenteringortherighttouseorlookatsomething Detailedreading1 access e g Theonlymeansofaccesstothebuildingisalongamuddytrack 到达那幢楼的唯一途径是沿着那条泥泞的小路前行 Thesystemhasbeendesignedtogivetheuserquickandeasyaccesstotherequiredinformation Derivation accessiblea Detailedreading communicatevi shareorexchangefeelings opinions orinformation etc Detailedreading1 communicate e g TheInternetisthebestmeansofcommunicationamongseveralpartnersatdifferentlocations Derivation communicationn Detailedreading communicativea e g Heisashyboywhocan tcommunicateverywell Derivation remotenessn e g Theyfoundtheremotenessofthecountryagreatproblem remotea distantinspaceortime Detailedreading1 remote1 e g Wecanseeremotestarsthroughatelescope Intheremotefuture manynewchangeswilltakeplace TheBeatlescarriedLiverpool sfametotheremotestcornersoftheearth Detailedreading Detailedreading1 remote2 Comparison distant far remote Detailedreading e g Shecouldhearthedistantsoundoffireworksexploding fardescribesomethingthatisnotnear orthepartofsomethingthatismostdistantfromthecentreorfromyou e g Thestationisn tfar wecouldeasilywalkit remotedescribeanarea houseorvillagethatisalongwayfromanytownsorcities e g Helivedinaremotemountainvillage distantveryfarawayesp indistance Detailedreading1 remote3 1 我们很难观察月亮的另一边 2 邮车每周只到这个偏僻的村庄一次 3 这个朝圣者来自非常远的地方 Translation Thefarsideofthemoonisdifficultforustoobserve Mailcomestothisremotevillageonlyonceaweek Detailedreading Thispilgrimcamefromaverydistantplace Detailedreading1 mockingly mockinglyad inawayinwhichsb orsth ismadefunof e g Andrienneraisedhereyebrowsmockingly What swrong mydear Don tyouunderstand TheboywhowasoncereferredtomockinglyasacountryboyisnowtheCEOofajointventure Detailedreading Detailedreading1 regardlessof Detailedreading regardlessofwithouttakingaccountoforworryingabout e g Iboughtthebook regardlessofthecost 尽管价钱挺高 我还是买了这本书 Thelawrequiresequaltreatmentforall regardlessofrace religionorsex Detailedreading1 facilitate Detailedreading facilitatevt help makeeasyoreasier e g Thenewundergroundrailwaywillfacilitatethejourneytotheairport Aninterfaceisawindowenvironmentdesignedtofacilitatetheinteractionbetweentheuserandthesystem 界面是一个窗口环境 其设计是用来促进用户和系统之间的交互作用 Derivation facilitationn facilitativea Detailedreading1 steppingstone Detailedreading steppingstoneanyofarowoflargestoneswithaleveltop whichonewalksontocrossariverorstream figuratively awayofimprovementorgainingsuccess e g Forsomepeople gainingpowerisanessentialsteppingstonetoasuccessfullife Temporaryjobscanbeasteppingstoneoutofunemployment Detailedreading1 havemisgivings Detailedreading havemisgivingsnotbesure e g Ihavemanymisgivingsabouttakingthejob 我对是否接受那项工作顾虑重重 Detailedreading1 fundamental Detailedreading fundamentala basic e g Idisagreedfundamentallywithwhattheystoodfor Derivation fundamentallyad e g Aknowledgeofeconomicsisfundamentaltoanyunderstandingofthisproblem 经济学知识对于理解这个问题是至关重要的 Thereisafundamentaldifferenceinattitudebetweenthesetwopoliticians 这两位政治家的态度有着根本的区别 Detailedreading1 profound Detailedreading profounda intense deep verystronglyfelt e g Iamprofoundlygratefulforthisopportunitytomeetyou Derivation profoundlyad e g Thebookcontainsprofoundinsightintohumanbehavior Thedevelopmentwastohaveaprofoundeffectonallourlives Detailedreading1 atone speril atone speril usedwhenadvisingsb nottodosth withthenearcertaintyofmeetinggreatdanger e g Youignorethiswarningatyourperil 你若忽视这个警告 就得自担风险 Detailedreading 1 Whichcompanieswasshereferringwhenshespokeofcompetingfirms 2 Batscommunicateeachotherbyultrasonicmessages 3 Citizensmayhavefreeaccessthelibrary 4 Itisrudetomockothers shortcomings 5 I dliketogobacktoteaching butIamouttouchwithmysubjectnow 6 Sheisdeterminedtodoregardlessallconsequences Detailedreading1 Activity1 Detailedreading Activity Fillineachblankwithasuitablepreposition to with to at of of Detailedreading1 Activity2 Detailedreading about 7 Foodisessentiallife 8 Atthetime manydoctorshadseriousmisgivingsthenewtreatment 9 Anyclimberwhoneglectsthesesimpleprecautionsdoessohisperil to at Detailedreading1 Welivein Weliveinanageofeasyaccesstotherestoftheworld Translation 我们生活在一个可以轻松到达世界其它角落的时代 Detailedreading Detailedreading1 formany formanypeoplelearningEnglishisanessentialsteppingstoneontheroadtosuccess Explanation formanypeopletheacquisitionofEnglishisbasicallyaspringboardtowardstheirlifetimeachievements Asteppingstoneisameansthathelpsyoutoprogresstowardsachievingsomethingespeciallyinyourwork Detailedreading e g Studentsfromvariousminoritygroupsareintentonusingeducationasasteppingstonetoabetterlife Detailedreading1 Mostfundamental Mostfundamentalistheprofoundrelationshipbetweenlanguageandculturethatliesattheheartofsocietyandonethatweoverlookatourperil Paraphrase Thereisabasicrelationshipbetweenlanguageandculturewhichisanessentialpartofsocietyandonethatisdangerousifweignore Detailedreading Translation 最根本的是语言与文化之间的深远关系 它存在于社会的中心 忽视它必然会造成危险 e g Thelabelswereattachedtotheluggage Detailedreading1 label Detailedreading labelv fixortieonsth apieceofpaperorothermaterialthatgivesinformationaboutit useawordorphrasetodescribesb orsth e g I vejustspentawholedaylabellingalltheitems Thebottleislabeledpoison 瓶上标明有毒 n apieceofpaperorothermaterial fixedtosth whichgivesinformationaboutwhatitis whereitistogo whoownsit etc Detailedreading1 longing Detailedreading longingn strongwish astrongfeelingofwantingsth e g Shefeltagreatlongingforthesights soundsandsmellsofhome Nothingcouldquenchherlongingtoreturnhomeagain 她重返家园的念头怎么也打消不掉 Detailedreading1 despair pletelossofhopeorconfidence sth thatcausesthisfeeling e g HisfailureinTOEFLdrovehimtodespair Heisthedespairofhisteacherbecauseherefusestostudy Detailedreading Synonym desperationn Detailedreading1 hover Detailedreading hovervi beinanuncertainstate stayaroundoneplace esp inawaythatannoysotherpeople e g Ahawkhoveredinthesky waitingtoswoopdownonitsprey Iheardthenoiseofahelicopterhoveringoverhead Detailedreading1 head on Detailedreading head onad a withtheheadsorfrontpartsmeeting usu violently e g Themotorcycleranhead onintothelorry Thegovernmentandtheunionsaresetforahead onconfrontation Detailedreading1 notbegivento Detailedreading notbegiventonotusuallydosth e g Itisthetruth Wearenotgiventotellinglies Detailedreading1 unsurmountable Synonym insurmountable insuperable Detailedreading unsurmountablea toolargeortoodifficulttobedealtwith e g Idon tthinkthereareanyunsurmountableproblemsinthisproject Theproblemsarenotunsurmountable 问题不是无法解决的 Antonym surmountable Payratesarefixedbynegotiationsbetweenthetradeunionandemployers e g negotiatevt discusssth inordertoreachanagreement esp inbusinessorpolitics Derivation negotiationn e g ForeignMinistersaremeetingattalksinGenevatonegotiateatreatybanningallchemicalweapons We vedecidedtonegotiatewiththeemployersaboutourwageclaim 我们决定就工资问题与雇主谈判 Detailedreading1 negotiate1 Detailedreading1 negotiate2 Detailedreading e g Thecont