英语四大基本时态(初学者).doc

5一个句子的三大成分：主语、谓语、宾语。而一个英语句子的时态由谓语动词的形式决定。动词各种形式的变化规则一.动词第三人称单数形式变化（与可数名词变复数的规则基本一致）（1） 一般情况，直接加“s”。如read-reads，eat-eats.（2） 以s,x,sh,ch及字母o结尾的，加“es”。 如guess-guesses， mix-mixes（混合）， finish-finishes， watch-watches，catch-catches, go-goes，do-does。（3） 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，把y变为ie，再加es， 如：fly-flies,study-studies（4）部分不规则动词：have-has，be-is二动词现在分词变化规则（v-ing）（1）一般情况，直接加“ing”。如：go-going，look-looking。（2）以不发音的e结尾的，去e再加ing。 如：come-coming，dance-dancing，make-making，have-having等。（3）“辅音+元音+辅音”结尾的，双写最后一个辅音，再加ing。 如：sit-sitting，swim-swimming，run-running，stop-stopping。（4） 以ie结尾的，变ie为y，再加ing。（了解一下，不作要求） 如：lie-lying（躺；说谎），die-dying（死去）三动词过去式变化规则（1）一般情况，直接加“ed”。如：work-worked，want-wanted。（2）部分以不发音的e结尾的，只加“d”。 如live-lived，hope-hoped。（3）以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加ed。 如：study-studied，cry-cried(哭)。（4） “辅音+元音+辅音”结尾的，双写最后一个辅音，再加ed。 如：stop-stopped（5） 不规动词变化需要记忆。附表：(按变化方式类似度分）read-read put-put hurt-hurtcome-came become-becamesit-sat swim-swam sing-sang give-gave drink-drankknow-knew draw-drew fly-flewkeep-kept sweep-swept sleep-slept feel-feltbuy-bought bring-brought fight-fought think-thought teach-taught catch-caught(抓住) get-got write-wrote speak-spoke ride-rode drive-drovedo-did go-went see-saw say-said eat-ate have-had leave-left make-made take-took run-ran amis-was are-were tell-told find-found learn-learnt 练习一用所给词的适当形式填空：1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing)in the classroom .3.They _(not ,water) the flowers now.4._Helen_ (wash ) clothes? Yes , she is .5. He often _ (have) dinner at home.6. What _they often _ (do) on Saturdays?7. _ your parents _ (read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _ (teach) us English on Sundays.9. There _ (be) some water in the bottle.10. Mike _ (like) cooking.11. The child often _ (watch) TV in the evening.12. What day _(be) it today? Its Saturday13. I like to (fly a kite).14. Dont _ the house. Mum _ it yesterday. (clean)15. They _ (make) a kite a week ago.16. I want to _ apples. But my dad _ all of them last month. ( pick ) 17. She _ (be) a pretty girl. Look, she _ (do) Chinese dances.18. It _ (be) Bens birthday last Friday.19. She likes _newspapers, but she _ a book yesterday. (read)20. Can you （fly）a kite ?21.I （have）a picnic with my friends.22.My brother (go) to Shanghai next week.23.Liu Tao (kites) in the playground yesterday.24.The cat (eat) a bird last night.25.Tom often (go) to school on foot.But today is rain.He to school by bike.二用have和there be的适当形式填空。1.I a good father and a good mother.2. a telephone on the desk.3.He an MP5.4. a basketball in the playground.5.She some dresses.6.They a nice garden.7.What do you ?8. a reading-room in the building.9.What does Mike ?10. any books in the bookcase?11.My father a story-book.12. any flowers in the vase?13. some people under the big tree.14. a picture and 2 maps on the wall.15. a lot of money in the bag.16. a box of tea on the table.17. a box of sweets on the table.三句式变换练习。1. The child likes listening to music. 否定句 一般疑问句 肯定、否定回答 2. I was born in November. 否定句 一般疑问句 肯定、否定回答 3. They read books last night. 否定句 一般疑问句 肯定、否定回答 4.The kind man made a cake for me. 否定句 一般疑问句 肯定、否定回答 四对划线部分进行提问。1. This is Lucys dress. 2.This pair of shoes is 50 yuan.3. I