Supplementary rcises Chapter 3：Morphology.doc

Supplementary Exercises Chapter 3：Morphology . Decide whether each of the following statements is True or False: 1. Morphology studies the internal structure of words and the rules by which words are formed.2. Words are the smallest meaningful units of language. 3. Just as a phoneme is the basic unit in the study of phonology, so is a morpheme the basic unit in the study of morphology.4. The smallest meaningful units that can be used freely all by themselves are free morphemes.5. Bound morphemes include two types: roots and affixes.6. Inflectional morphemes manifest various grammatical relations or grammatical categories such as number, tense, degree, and case.7. The existing form to which a derivational affix can be added is called a stem, which can be a bound root, a free morpheme, or a derived form itself.8. Prefixes usually modify the part of speech of the original word, not the meaning of it.9. There are rules that govern which affix can be added to what type of stem to form a new word. Therefore, words formed according to the morphological rules are acceptable words.10. Phonetically, the stress of a compound always falls on the first element, while the second element receives secondary stress.II. Fill in each blank below with one word which begins with the letter given: 11. M _ is the smallest meaningful unit of language. 12. The affix “-ish” in the word boyish conveys a g_ meaning. 13. B_ morphemes are those that cannot be used independently but have to be combined with other morphemes, either free or bound, to form a word.14. Affixes are of two types: inflectional affixes and d_ affixes.15. D_ affixes are added to an existing form to create words.16. A s_ is added to the end of stems to modify the meaning of the original word and it may case change its part of speech.17. C_ is the combination of two or sometimes more than two words to create new words.18. The rules that govern which affix can be added to what type of stem to form a new word are called m_ rules.19. In terms of morphemic analysis, d_ can be viewed as the addition of affixes to stems to form new words.20. A s_ can be a bound root, a free morpheme, or a derived form itself to which a derivational affix can be added.III. There are four choices following each statement. Mark the choice that can best complete the statement: 21. The morpheme “vision” in the common word “television” is a(n) _. A. bound morpheme B. bound form C. inflectional morpheme D. free morpheme22. The compound word “bookstore” is the place where books are sold. This indicates that the meaning of a compound _.A. is the sum total of the meaning of its componentsB. can always be worked out by looking at the meanings of morphemesC. is the same as the meaning of a free phrase.D. None of the above.23. The part of speech of the compounds is generally determined by the part of speech of _.A. the first element B. the second element C. either the first or the second element D. both the first and the second elements.24. _ are those that cannot be used independently but have to be combined with other morphemes, either free or bound, to form a word. A. Free morphemes B. Bound morphemes C. Bound words D. Words25. _ is a branch of grammar which studies the internal structure of words and the rules by which words are formed.A. Syntax B.GrammarC. Morphology D. Morpheme26. The meaning carried by the inflectional morpheme is _. A. lexical B. morphemic C. grammatical D. semantic 27. Bound morphemes are those that _. A. have to be used independentlyB. can not be combined with other morphemes C. can either be free or bound D. have to be combined with other morphemes. 28. _ modify the meaning of the stem, but usually do not change the part of speech of the original word. A. Prefixes B. Suffixes C. Roots D. Affixes 29. _ are often thought to be the smallest meaningful units of language by the linguists. A. Words B. Morphemes C. Phonemes D. Sentences30. “-s” in the word “books” is _. A. a derivative affix B. a stem C. an inflectional affix D. a root IV. Define the following terms: 31. morphology 32. inflectional morphology 33. derivational morphology 34. morpheme 35. free morpheme 36. bound mor