英语必修3第三单元语法 宾语从句和表语从句 讲解.doc

英语必修3第三单元语法 宾语从句和表语从句 讲解、练习 Unit 3 Grammar Noun Clauses名词性从句名词性从句相当于名词，在复合句中可分别作主语、表语、宾语和同位语。名词性从句可分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。一The Objective Clause宾语从句在复合句中作宾语的从句称作宾语从句，可以作动词的宾语，也可以作介词和非限定动词及某些形容词的宾语。引导宾语从句词有连词that，if，whether；连接代词who，whose，what，which；连接副词when，where，how， why等。1)I thinkwomen can reach very high achievements in many fields of science.2) I wondershe remembered how many babies she had delivered.3) Do you knowJack was speaking to?4) He askedit was.5) Pay attention tothe doctor said.6) Please tell methe earthquake took place.7) Will you tell meI can keep fit and healthy?做动词的宾语(1)大部分宾语从句直接跟在动词后：He doesnt know where the post office is.(2)有些宾语从句前要有间接宾语：He told me what I should read(3)如果宾语从句后面有宾语补足语，要使用形式宾语 it而将从句放到补足语后面；I thought it strange that he failed to call me(4)在think, believe, suppose, expect等动词之后的宾语从句中，如果从句谓语是否定含义，则将主句谓语动词think等变为否定形式。 I dont think you are right(5)在think，believe，imagine，suppose，guess，hope等动词以及 Im afraid等后，可用so代替一个肯定的宾语从句，还可用not代替一个否定的宾语从句。一Do you believe it will clear up?一I believe so. I dont believe so. (或I believe not.)做介词的宾语 Did she say anythinghow we should do the work?Your article is all rightthat it is too longI was surprisedwhat he said巩固练习.1 He wont come. I think. (变为复合句) I _ think he _ come.2. Miss Gao: Lucy, do you come from the USA? (改为含有宾语从句的句子)Miss Gao asked Lucy that she came from the USA.Miss Gao asked Lucy do you come from the USA.Miss Gao asked Lucy if she came from the USA.3. “Do you wash your clothes yourself?” Tom asked the girl next to him.(改复合句)Tom asked the girl next to him _ _ _ her clothes herself.4. Did Peter come here yesterday? Li Lei wants to know. (改为宾从)(1999福州)Li Lei wants to know _ Peter _ here yesterday.5. Is the earth round? The little boy asked.(改为宾语从句)The little boy asked _ the earth _ round.6. “Where does he live?” Mr Hu asked.(改为复合句)Mr Hu asked where _ _.7. Toms father saw him sitting on some eggs.(改为复合句)Toms father saw _ _ _ sitting on some eggs.8. Mrs White told Tom not to throw paper on the ground.(改为复合句) Mrs white told Tom _ _ _ throw paper on the ground.9. Please tell me where we show our tickets.(改为简单句，保持原意) Please tell me _ _ show our tickets.10. Can you tell me how I can get to the post office? (改为简单句，保持原意)Can you tell me the _ _ the post office?11. Rose doesnt know when they are going to repair the watch. (改为简单句)Rose doesnt know _ _ repair the watch.12. The teacher told the boys what they should do and how they should do it.(改为简单句)The teacher told the boys _ _ do and _ _ do it.13. The earth moves around the sun. The teacher said.(改为宾语从句)The teacher said _ the earth _ around the sun.14. Are you hungry? My mother asked me.(改为宾语从句)My mother asked me _ _ _ hungry.15. Why hasnt she come yet? Nobody knows. (改为宾语从句)Nobody knows _ _ _ come yet.提高型1. I dont know _ he will come tomorrow. _ he comes, Ill tell you.A. if; WhetherB. whether; WhetherC. if; ThatD. if; if2. Could you tell me _ the radio without any help?A. how did he mend B. what did he mend C. how he mended D. what he mended3. Could you tell me _ do with the money?A. how to B. what should I C. how I should D. what I should4. Can you tell me how many English words _ since 1996?A. have you learned B. did you learn C. you have learned D. you learned5. Miss Li wants to know _ next week.A. when my uncle leaves B. when will my uncleC. where my uncle will stay D. where does my uncle stay6. Can you tell me when _?A. does the ship leave B. the ship will leave C. the ship leave D. will the ship leave7. Alice wanted to know _ her grandmother liked the bag.A. that B. if C. which D. what8. I dont know _ Jane was late for school this morning.A. who B. What C. whom D. why9. They dont know _ their presents are. A. when B. why C. what D that10. Mike asked the girl in the shop _ the watch _ cheap enough.(1998云南)A. that; is B. if; was C. that; was D. whether; is11. I think he _ back next week. A. come B. will come C. came D. has come12. Xiao Mao told me he _ a film with his mother the next day.A. would see B. will watch C. would look D. will see13. Could you tell me if it _ tomorrow?A. rain B. will rain C. raining D. rains14. He said that he _ speak a little English when he was five.A. might B. would C. could D. can15. I want to know if they _ the spring sports meeting next month.If they _ it, I must get ready for it.A. hold; will hold B. will hold; hold C. hold; hold D. will hold; will hold综合型1. Do you remember _ he came?-Yes, I do, he came by car.A. how B. when C. that D. if2. That woman wanted to know _ her daughter liked the sweater.A. whether B. what . that D. which3. Have you decided when _ for London?A. will you leave B. you will leave C. are you going D. you are going4. Excuse me. Could you tell me _? -Certainly.A. when can I get to the station B. I can get to which stationC. which station can I get to . how I can get to the station5. What did your mother say, Tom? -She asked me why _.A. my sister crying B. my sister was cryingC. is my sister crying D. was my sister crying6. I wonder what time _ arrive.A. does the train B. will the train C. the train D. the train will7. I wondered _ our teacher did that for.A. that B. if C. what D. why8. Did you hear _?A. what did I say B. what I said C. that I said D. I said which9. Can you tell me which room _?A. does he live in B. does he lives C. he lives in D. he lives10. The little boy often asks me what _?A. will our life of tomorrow B. will our life tomorrow be likeC. our life of tomorrow like D. our life of tomorrow will be like11. Do you really know _ used?A. how widely English is B. how wide is EnglishC. English is how widely D. how is English wide12. Would you please tell me _ with Peter? He looks unhappy.A. whats the matter B. what wrong isC. the wrong is what D. what wrong it was13. Excuse me, where _? Do you know? -Yes. I know where _?A. Jim lives; he lives B. does Jim live; do he liveC. Jim lives; does he live D. does Jim live; he lives14. I didnt know _ and _.A. whats his name; how old he is B. what his name was; how old he wasC. what his name is; how is he old D. that was his name; he was how old15. My friend hasnt decided _ on a trip to Wuxi on holiday.A. if he goes B. when will he go C. if hell go D. where he go16. Did you ask her what _ outside?A. was happened to him B. he had happenedC. he happened D. had happened to him17. The man in the shop askes the woman _A. which kind does she like B. which kind she is C. which kind is she likes D. which kind she likes18. No one told us _, so we need your help.A. how should we do B. what should we do C. how to do it D. what to do it19. I dont know _ the day after tomorrow.A. when does he come B. how will he come C. if he comes D. whether hell come20. Could you tell me _?-Yes, they _ to the library.A. where are the twins; have been B. where the twins are; have goneC. where were the twins; have been Dwhere the twins were; have gone二The Predicative Clause表语从句在复合句中作表语的从句称作表语从句，位于连系动词（be，seem，remain等）之后。1. that引导的表语从句连接词that仅起连接作用，无意义，在句中不作任何成分，通常不可省略。这种从句往往是对主句主语的内容起进一步解释的作用。 The chance is that one smoker in four will die from smoking.2. whether引导的表语从句连接词whether起连接作用，意为“是否、究竟、到底”，（注意：if不能引导表语从句)在句中也不作任何成分。 The question is whether what man will turn up in time.3. what, which, who, whom, whose引导的表语从句连接代词what, which, who, whom, whose除在句子中起连接作用外，还可在从句中从当主语、表语、定语。 Tom is no longerhe used to be. The question isshould come first. The problem isis really fit for the hard job. The important thing isshould be put on the top of the list.4. where, when, why, how引导的表语从句 连接副词where, when, why, how除在句中起连接作用外，在从句中还充当时间、地点、方式、原因状语，本身具有词义。 ThatsI cant agree with you. This isSara was late for the meeting. This isthey overcome the difficulties. My strongest memory isI attended an American wedding.5.其他连词as if, because, as, as though引导的表语从句 because引导表语从句通常只用于This/That/It is because结构中。My anger is because you havent written to me for a long time. as if/though引导的表语从句，常置于连系动词look, seem, sound, be, become等后面，常用虚拟语气，表示不存在的动作或状态。 It sounds as if/though somebody was knocking at the door.巩固练习1. The question is _ we will have our sports meet next week.A. thatB. ifC. when D. whether2The reason why he failed is _he was too careless.A. because B. that C. for D. because of3. Go and get your coat. It s _you left itA. where B. there C. there where D. where there4The problem is _to take the place of TedA. who can we get B. what we can get C. who we can get D. that we can get5. What I want to know is _ he likes the gift given by us.A. that B. if C. whether D.不填6. The reason is_I missed the bus.A. that B. when C. why D. what7. That is _ _ we were late last time. A. that B. when C. why D. what8. She looked _ she were ten years younger.A. that B. like C. as D. as though9.I fell sick!-I think it is _ you are doing too much. A. why B. when C. whatD. because10. The reason why he hasnt come is _.A. because his mother is illB. because of his mothers being illC. that his mother is illD. for his mother is ill11. He was born here.- That is _ he likes the place so much. A. that B. what C. why D. how12.That is _ Lu Xun once lived. A. what B. where C. that D. whythat/what的区别1_your father wants to know is_ getting on with your studies.A. What; how are you B. That；how you are C. How；that you are D. What；how you are2. The trouble is_we are short of tools.A. what B. that C. how D. why that3. America was _was first called “India” by Columbus.A. what B. where C. the place D. there where4. China is becoming stronger and stronger. It is no longer_ .A. what it used to beB. what it was used to being C. what it used to beingD. what it was used to be5. _he really means is _he disagrees with us.A. What that B. That what C. What what D. That what6. The energy is _ makes the cells able to do their work.A. that B. which C. what D. such高考练习1 I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week .Is that_ you had a few days off？A. why B .what C. when D. where2 .I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella _I got wet through.A. Its the reason B. Thats why C. Theres why D. Its how3. See the flags on top of the building? That was _ we did this morning.A. when B. which C. where D. what4. - Are you still thinking about yesterdays game? -Oh, thats _.A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited aboutC. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited5. What surprised me was not what he said but _ he said it.A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which第一组：1.-I drive to Zhuhai for the air show last week. -Is that _you had a few days off? (NMET1999)A.why B. when C. what D where2. The question is _it is worth visiting. A. if B. as if C. whether D. how3. This is _it happened A. what B. when C. that D. how4. This is _ the city lies. A. which B. what C. where D. when5. He was ill .That is _he didnt come yesterday. A. when B. why C. how D. that6. That was _ I was thirteen I entered the No.1 Middle School. A. because B. why C. how D when7.The problem is _we can master modern sci