药学英语 标准试卷1.doc

河北科技大学20 20 学年第 学期专业英语期末考试试卷标准答案考场号： 座位号： 学 院： 班 级： 姓 名： 学 号： 题号一二三四五六总分得分一、翻译（共20分,每题1分）。1 甲烷2 乙醇3 丙酮4 碘5 缬氨酸6 亮氨酸 7 乙酸乙酯8 酚9 酰胺10 氯化钠11 Potassium carbonate12 Toluene13 Alkane14 Potassium15 Cysteine16 Methionine17 Sodium bicarbonate18 Mercury19 Calcium carbonate20 Aromatics答案：1 Methane2 Ethanol3 Acetone4 Iodine 5 Valine6 Leucine7 Ethyl acetate8 Phenol9 Amide10 Sodium chloride11 碳酸钾12 甲苯13 烷烃14 钾15 半胱氨酸16 甲硫氨酸17 碳酸氢钠18 汞19 CaCO320 芳香化合物二、写出下列缩写的英文全称并翻译（共10分,每题2分）。1 DMF: 2 MS: 3 NMR: 4 WTO: 5 SFDA: 答案：1 dimethyl formamide N,N-二甲基甲酰胺2 Mass spectrometry 质谱3 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy 核磁共振光谱4 World Trade Organization 世界贸易组织5 State Food and Drug Administration （中国）食品药品监督管理局三、判断，并用 表示（共16分,每题2分）。1 （ ）Drug design aims to improve the desirable effects of the lead compound and to remove the undesirable effects.2 （ ）A rational design based on the knowledge of the molecular cause of the pathological dysfunction is a type of search for new lead compound.3 （ ）Analytical chemistry is concerned with the chemical characterization of matter and the answer to two important questions: what is it (qualitative) and how much is it (quantitative).4 （ ）Thus were produced, over millions of years, the earth itself and the chemical elements found on the earth today.5 （ ）By being cognizant of these pharmacologic principles, and by remaining vigilant to countless interaction between drug and ailing body, one can substantially reduce the side effects of numerous drugs.6 （ ）Low concentrations of surfactants lower the surface tension and increase the rate of drug dissolution.7 （ ）With new compounds, however, it is preferable to confirm the identification through chemical degradation or by preparing the compound by laboratory synthesis.8 （ ）Presently, as NMR, it is applied in a very general manner to synthetic as well as to natural compounds in the search for new lead compound.答案: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 四、单选题（共14分,每题2分）。1 The lead compound is not intended to be used as a clinical agent. It is the starting point from which a B useful compound can be developed. A naturally B clinically C synthetically D pharmaceutically2 Analytical chemistry provides the B and tools needed for insight into our material worldA choices B methods C improvements D arrangements3 Only about B of the more than 90 naturally occurring chemical elements are essential to living organisms.A 20 B 30 C 40 D 504 Solid drug products exempted from A include troches, tablets which are intended to be chewed, and drug products intended for sustained release or prolonged or repeat action.A disintegration tests B dissolution tests C decomposition tests D deformation tests5 Bulk flow in the D is very rapid, as is diffusion after drugs have traversed membranous barriers, so the rate-limit step in drug distribution is usually the penetration of these barriers.A blood B blood stream C blood vessel D bloodstream6 Biochemical tests may also be C : presence of a glycoside can be confirmed by hydrolysis with -glycosidase, of a mustard oil glycoside by hydrolysis with myrosinase and so on.A valuable B useful C invaluable D unuseful7 There have been several examples where the natural D for a receptor was used as the lead compound in order to design a receptor antagonist.A target B structure C bioactivation D agonis答案: 1 B 2 B 3 B 4 A 5 D 6 C 7 D五、英译汉（共20分,每题5分）。1 The present trend is mass screening of huge libraries containing several thousand molecules. This was made possible by the association of combinational chemistry with high-throughput screening.答案: 目前的趋势是对包含有数千分子的巨大分子库进行筛选，高通筛选和组合化学的联合使其成为可能。2 There are three phases in the analysis: the fast-screening phase, the identification phase, and possible quantification.答案: 分析的过程分三个阶段进行：快速筛选阶段，确定阶段，可能的量化阶段。3 Analytical chemists work to improve the reliability of existing techniques to meet the demands for better chemical measurements which arise constantly in our society.答案: 分析化学家的工作是改善现有技术的可靠性，以更好的化学检测方法满足我们社会不断的需求。4 The trace elements represent a miniscule fraction of the weight of the human body, but all essential to life, usually because they are essential to the function of specific proteins, including enzymes. 答案: 微量元素的代表了人体重量的微乎其微的部分，但对生命很重要，通常是因为它们是必不可少的特殊蛋白质，包括酶的功能。六、问答题（共20分,每题5分）。1 In vitro dissolution testing, what kinds of factors must be considered?答案: For one thing, the size and shape of the dissolution vessel may affect the rate and extent of dissolution. A second consideration is the amount of agitation and the nature of the stirrer. The temperature of the dissolution medium must also be controlled and variations in temperature must be avoided. Most dissolution tests are performed at 37. The nature of the dissolution medium will also affect the dissolution test.2 How to define pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics? 答案: By convention, pharmacokinetics is defined as the study of the time-course of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion, whereas the term pharmacodynamics refers to the corresponding pharmacological response.3 What is the sources of the lead compound?答案: Lead compounds can be obtained from a variety of different sources such as the flora and fauna of the natural world, or synthetic compounds made