上海高校对会展人才的培养模式研究-英文文献.doc

EXPO: Big city, Big Expo and Big IndustryExpo economy, characterized by low input, low pollution and high return, has become a new point of growth for various countries and regions. Each exposition is a grand display of modern civilization. Economists call expositions information surfing, knowledge feast, platform of fortune and“urban economic motivator. In Europe where the expo industry is developed, people would say expositions are the citys bread and butter.As one of the most internationalized cities in the Chinese mainland, Shanghai is drawing worldwide attention. It is also attracting more and more foreign businessmen to hold various kinds of international exhibitions. Expo economy is gradually becoming a new hot spot of Shanghais economy. As it raises its internationalization, Shanghai will gain a handsome fortune from the expositions each year.The theme of Expo 2010 Shanghai is Better City, Better Life. The great opportunities that the expo industry is bringing to the city is gradually emerging. Dai Liu, vice-director of Bureau of Shanghai World Expo Coordination, said:“The opening of the World Expo will help Shanghai realize its goal to become an international exposition center and substantially upgrade its organization capacity, service level and arena management level. Now Shanghai has become one of the few central cities with a developed expo industry. Its position and role in the countrys expo industry have become more and more evident. According to the statistics of Shanghai Foreign Economic Relations and Trade, the city has seen a 20% annual increase in terms of the number of exhibitions and exhibition space in the past decade or so. In 1990, Shanghai held only 40 exhibitions with 100,000 square meters of exhibition space. But in 2003, the number exceeded 330. The direct income from exhibitions was 1.8 billion yuan, ranking first in the country and accounting for 45 percent of the countrys total.Feeling the pulse of Shanghais expo industryIn spite of a fast growth, the citys burgeoning expo industry still has some structural problems: The potential of expo-tourism needs to be tappedExpo-tourism is a major factor of the expo industry that motivates the economy. Besides a huge human flow, international conventions and exhibitions bring stable and well-scheduled groups of visitors, which is easy for tour agencies to arrange. What is more important, the concept of expo-tourism covers all the aspects of a convention or expo - from conference organization to the tours after the meeting. Its profit rate is usually more than 10%. Compared with ordinary sightseeing tourism, which usually yields a profit rate of 1% to 2%, expo-tourism should be a highly profitable trade. In Shanghai, the expo-tourism has been gradually on the track, but if the city wants to become an internationalized convention and exhibition center, its resources need to be better exploited.In 2010 when Shanghai hosts the World Expo, it is estimated that some 70 million visitors will come to Shanghai from all over the world. So it is very important to have complete expo-tourism service facilities. The expo industry should offer quality facilitiesThere are still many problems with the citys expo industry, although it is growing very fast. The city did not have a long-term and rational planning for the construction of exhibition venues. Since the 1990s, the city has built the International Exhibition Center, Shanghai Mart, Shanghai International Agricultural Exhibition Center and Everbright Convention and Exhibition Center. But their exhibition space is only around 20,000 to 30,000 square meters. And they are scattered throughout the city. Including the Shanghai Exhibition Center, the city has only less than 100,000 square meters of exhibition space.Experts believe that Shanghai has a long way to go before establishing its position as an international exhibition center. What should be on top of its agenda is to introduce free competition and market mechanism by following international practice; reducing administrative interference and clarifying the rules of the game in order to improve industrial self-discipline and coordination, and curb the disordered situation where there is no unified coordination for the sector; exhibition resources are scattered; and pricing mechanism is varying. The purpose is to build a fair and open exhibition environment and competitive system. The industry faces a shortage of qualified professionalsThe shortage of Expo professionals has been more and more obvious as the industry is developing rapidly in recent years. Although the city has a considerably large group of people engaged in the industry, there still lacks a large number of high-level planning and managerial personnel. Expo professionals include core professionals, auxiliary professionals and supporting professionals. The core professionals include those engaged in expo planning and high-level operating management. With highest professional talent, they are at the top level of the industry. The auxiliary professionals refer to those doing design, facility installation, transportation and equipment production. The supporting professionals refer to senior translators, tourist reception people and other service people. Only when the professional training develops along the growth of expo industry can the city give full play its advantages. After the city successfully won the bid and it is advancing the preparation, many of Shanghai colleges set up the department for exposition or research institutions relating to the World Expo (expo and service trade) to train talent for the 2010 World Expo.Three major economic zones vie for a leading position in expo businessThe Beijing-Tianjin, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta economic zones are sparing no effort to develop their expo sector and vie to take a dominant position in the country. They each have their own advantages. We will wait and see who will win the contest.Pearl River Delta region:As a hot spot of foreign investment, Guangzhou and Pearl River Delta were the earliest bases in the mainland for overseas exhibition companies, especially those from Hong Kong.The advantages of the region are: first, it has developed private enterprises; second, it is close to Hong Kong and Macao and enjoys smooth logistics and information exchange; third, a series of exhibitions headed by Guangzhou Import and Export Commodities Fair have become internationally known events. Since the reform and opening-up drive started, this region has become a manufacturing center of the country and even the world. As the exhibitions of electronic components, light industry and consumer products develop rapidly, Guangzhou has mainly been the host of regional expositions.Beijing-Tianjin region in the northThe Beijing area has the largest exhibition space in the country and is leading the country in the scale and quality of expositions. By 2010, the expo market will be nearly 4 billion yuan in Beijing. The city mainly holds economic and technological shows. It is the first city in the country to develop into an embryonic form of expo industry, which was built on the basis of large gatherings of central government departments and market resources.Cities compete in the Yangtze River Delta regionThis region is expecting a surge of development of expo industry. In Hangzhou, Suzhou, Nanjing, Ningbo, Yiwu and Yuyao, the total exhibition space already built and being built totals 580,000 square meters. The booming expo industry in these cities poses a great challenge to Shanghai. But some experts also believe it is not a bad thing to have more rivals in the area. The expo sector in the region, including Shanghai, has not seen excessive competition. Instead, the competition is not hot enough. The expo enterprises in the region are usually small and weak. They need to go ahead driven by competition. The experience of the expo industry in the developed countries indicates that not a single central city can manage to hold all the conferences or expositions. Competition at various levels will help the cities in the region make the best of their advantages. Such competition will not prevent Shanghai from advancing in the direction of an international expo city. At the same time, it will help give rise to a number of expo cities in the region with Shanghai at its center.The prospects of Shanghais expo industryNow, people are ready to prepare the next exhibition while the current one is not over. It shows the attractiveness of a fast-developing Shanghai and the Chinese economy to the world. Nobody will give up the business opportunities in the city to expand commercial exchanges, said a manager of Shanghai Modern International Exhibition Co. Ltd. After Chinas entry to the WTO, the expo industry has not seen great changes compared with other sectors. According to the General Agreement on Trade in Service and information released by the Chinese government, the expo industry is not included in the 142 service trades of 11 categories. It is listed under the item of conventions. Foreign businessmen can enter into this sector in the form of joint venture and a controlling company. The international exhibition giants, who look to a booming expo market in China, have entered the Chinese market by setting up representative offices, investing in exhibition venues and joining domestic companies to run exhibitions. The World Expo will offer this industry an even better opportunity. Like well-known expo cities, Paris, Munich and Hong Kong, Shanghai will see a prosperous expo industry that will motivate its economic development. The World Expo will accelerate Shanghais pace to become an internationally well-known expo city. The theme of Expo 2010 Shanghai - Better City, Better Life - has been well received internationally. By 2010, officials of nearly 200 countries, regions and international organizations as well as 70 million foreign visitors will visit Shanghai. It will effectively help increase the exchange and cooperation between Shanghai and other parts of the world and increase its popularity as one of the central expo cities in Asia-Pacific region.Shanghai and the service, transport, tourism, hotel and catering industries in the neighboring regions will greatly benefit from a huge human flow. Local urban construction, real estate, transport, tourism and hotel sectors will expect a new round of development.Chen Xinkang, first president of World Expo Economy Research Institute of Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, said: One yuan earned from the World Expo will generate 10 to 15 yuan income for relevant industries. The World Expo will produce a great positive effect for relevant industrial chains.A successful Shanghai World Expo will be helpful to fostering a complete modern service trade, boosting the international image of local enterprises and their brands and creating a city environment that conforms to international practice and a fair and just credit system. Shanghai will have the largest exhibition area in Asia and become Chinas center of expo economy as a result of hosting the world expo. At the same time, there will gradually emerge an expo rim in the Yangtze River region as a result of economic integration in the area and a major expo trend pushed by the World Exposition Shanghai 2010.At present, some of the major exhibition companies in Shanghai are spreading management, professionals and brands to neighboring regions to seek a cooperation amid competition at various levels and jointly make a big expo cake. The World Expo is definitely providing a great opportunity. With great economic potential, regional advantages and convenient transport and auxiliary service facilities, Shanghai is rapidly advancing to become an international convention center.POST-SHOW REPORT FOR THE CHINA INTERNATIONAL EDUCATION EXHIBITION TOURCIEET 2008 Date: March 1-16, 2008 Organizer: Chinese Service Center for Scholarly Exchange For any feedback or suggestion, please send it to: CIEET Organizing Committee Email: INTRODUCTION Approved by the Chinese Ministry of Education, CIEET has once again completed with tremendous success in the period of March 1st to 16th in Beijing, Dalian, Xian, Chongqing, Shanghai, Changsha and Guangzhou. Similar to our past practice, a report will be prepared for every CIEET so that exhibitors are able to have summarized information about the Show. GOVERNMENT SUPPORT The CIEET has continuously received tremendous support and endorsement by the Chinese Ministry of Education. Sharing the common goal between the Organizer and the Ministry to introduce quality education resources to Chinese students. Most honorably, Ms. Wu Qidi, Deputy Minister of Ministry of Education, has once again come to the CIEET 2008 and gave important speeches to the audience. The Ministry has now taken the CIEET as one important channel to disseminate study abroad policies to the public. This makes the CIEET more distinguish-able and an outstanding education fair. HIGHLIGHTS The 13th CIEET had several breakthroughs: 1) Size: The Show received over 457 institutions and service providers from 32 countries and regions. Their participation offered a comprehensive spectrum of programs to our students ranging from language, high school, vocational education, further education, undergraduate, graduate programs, agents, financial and insurance service providers. This again made the 13th CIEET the most influential and comprehensive education fair in China. Particularly in Shanghai, an 1800sqm temporary tent was built in order provide extra space to accommodate all the exhibitors. 2) Seminars: Near 110 sessions of forums and seminars were hosted by the organizers, the embassies and the governmental education sectors of different countries, and the education providers from around the world. The speakers of the forums included the major officials from the Ministry of Education of P.R.China and different countries. Their presence made the CIEET the most authoritative education fair in China. 3) Extensive coverage: This year over 150 media has reported the 13th CIEET all around China. The major media includes CCTV (a government TV channel), BTV, Phoenix Satellite TV, Shanghai Oriental TV, Travel Satellite TV.etc. The publicity for CIEET 2008 contributed significantly to the success of the 13th CIEET. Moreover, over 2000 websites in China have reported our events as their important contents. The Education channel in , , (the most popular websites in China) have created the special edition pages for CIEET 2008 to cover the full story of the event including the exhibitor list. The overall coverage is estimated to reach over a few millions of people who are interested to study abroad. Some of these medias had also interviewed many important officials and exhibitors during the show and broadcasted to the public in live. 4) Press Conferences: Seven press conferences have been held in the seven CIEET 2008 cities prior to each of the seven shows. All major medias were invited to the press conferences and it made the propagation of CIEET 2008 very effectively in each city. Special thanks to most of the pavilion organizers who have attended the press conferences with us and introduced to the medias with the highlights of their pavilions in CIEET. 5) Live interviews with embassy officials: We have utilized the most popular Chinese websites, SOHU.com, SINA.com, QQ.com. In their Education or Go Abroad Channels, we have invited the VIPs from the 10 embassies and official organizations including Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Holland, Ireland, Italy, New Zealand, Singapore and UK to conduct 16 LIVE interview sessions to talk about the subjects of students best interests within the week before the show began. Those online interviews have effectively drawn the attention of the web population (especially the students and their parents) at the CIEET 2008. 6) National pavilions: This year we accommodated nine national delegations in our show, namely the Australia (by Austrade), Canadas British Columbia (by BCCIE), France (by Campus France Chine), Holland (by NUFFIC), Ireland (by Enterprise Ireland), Malaysia (by Embassy of Malaysia), New Zealand （by Trade New Zealand）, Singapore (by Singapore Tourism Board) and the United Kingdom (by British Council). 7) Exhibitors from new countries: Kazakhstan and United Arab Emirates are the two new countries appearing in CIEET. 8) Forums and Seminars: Based on the success of the 12th CIEET, the 13th CIEET held a series of forums and seminars to address the current key concerns of many education providers: i) The 5th Studying Abroad and Diversification of Human Resources Training Forum Beijing; ii) New Dimension of Cross-border Education in China.; iii) The New Trends of Studying Aboard and Co-operation of Sino-Foreign Institutes. iv) Development of a Regulatory Framework for Cross-Border Education Seminar EXHIBITORS Statistics of exhibitors of CIEET 2008 is as follows: 1. From 32 countries and regions: Australia, Austria, Bulgaria, Canada, China, Cyprus, Estonia, France, Germany, Greece, Holland, Hong Kong SAR, International, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Korea, Latvia, Lithuania, Malaysia, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Singapore, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, United Arab Emirates, UK and USA 2. Total number of exhibitors: 457: - Returning exhibitors: 328 (72%) - New exhibitors: 129 (28%) Distribution of exhibitors: AUDIENCE The size of audience was around 104,000 in total. Below is the number of visitors in each of the exhibiting city: Beijing 35000 Dalian 3000 Xian 11500