初中英语语法专项习题2冠词.doc

9初中英语语法专项复习上海求实教育内部资料冠词（art.）用在名词前,帮助说明其意义 冠词分为不定冠词aan和定冠词the,放在名词前、aan用在单数可数名词前,a用于辅音音素开头的词前,an用于元音音素开头的词前）。1.不定冠词（1）不定冠词的用法泛指类人或物。eg.This is a pencil case. SheS a doctor.指不具体的某个人或物。eg.I met an old man On my way home.用在序数词前,相当于another.eg.Theres a third boy near the shop.表示“每（个）”,相当于every.eg.They have music lessons twice a week.固定搭配。a lot Of,a lot,a little,a few,a glass Of,such aan, have a word with,have a look,have a try,have a swim,a quarter,half an hour, three times a day,have a talk,give a talk,ten Yuan a kilo（2）不定冠词的位置不定冠词般放在所修饰的单数可数名词前。eg,a bike,an egg当名词被such,what,many修饰时，不定冠词放在这些词之后。eg.It took me half an hour to finish my homework.He left in such a hurry that he forgot to close the door.What a dangerous job it is！Many a man has gone to the big cities for work.当名词前的形容词前有so,how,too等词时，不定冠词应放在形容词之后。Eg. She was so nice a girl that she took theblind man to the station.How nice a film this is！当名词前面有形容词和quite,rather,very时，不定冠词放在quite,rather之后,very之前。eg.It is quite a good book.That is rather a useful too1.This is a very interesting story2.定冠词的用法表示上文中所提到过的人或物。eg：l have two children,a boy and a girl.The boys name is Mark.The girls name is Penny.（2）特指某（些）人或物。eg： The girl in a red dress comes from America.（3）指说话人和听话人都熟悉的人或物。eg： My shoes are under the bed.（4）用在形容最高级和部分比较级前。eg Tom is the taller of the two boys.（5）用在序数词前。eg Monday is the second day of a week.（6）yo用在世界上独一无二的事物前（如太阳、月亮、世界、地球、天空、宇宙等）。cg The moon moves round the earth.（7）用在某些形容词前，表示类人或物。The rich（富人）,the poor（穷人）,the deaf（聋人）,the blind（盲人）,the dead（死者）,the wounded（伤员）（8）用在姓氏复数前,表示“某某家人”或“某某夫妇”。eg.The Greens are having dinner at home.（9）用在乐器前。eg.play the pianoguitarviolindrums.（10）用于逢“十”的复数数词前，指某个世纪中的几十年代或人的大约年岁。eg. In the 1970s,a highway was built to linkup the city with my hometown.I think he is in the thirties.（11）用在某些专有名词和习惯用语中。the United Nations,the Great Wall,the Summer Palace,the Palace Museum,in the end,in the day,in the middle Of,all the time,in the east,by the way,On the way tO,the（more）the（more）“越越”3.在有些词组中，用冠词和不用冠词意思有较大区别。in hospital（在住院）；in the hospital（在医院）in prison（在坐牢）；in the prison（在监狱里）at table（吃饭,用餐）；at the table（在桌旁）in front of（在某个范围之外的前面）；in the front of（在某个范围之外的前面）go to college（上大学）；go to the college（去那所大学）take place（发生）；take the place（代替）定冠词用法小结口诀a.口诀1.有水无湖：海、洋、海湾、河等，都用the;单个湖不用the,(但多个湖用the); the Red Sea,the Pacific Ocean,the Persian Gulf, the Yangtze River The Great Lakes(五大湖）；Lake Erie(伊利湖）2.有球无星：地球，月亮用the;行星不用the: Mars,Venus;3.有山无峰：The Huangshan Mountains(黄山）；Mount Everest(珠穆朗玛峰）； Mount(or Mt.) Tai(泰山）.4.有独无欧（偶）：独一无二的，the earth,the moon,the sun用the; 欧洲等七大洲不用the. Europe,Africa,Asia,North America,South America,Antarctica,Oceania5.有（足）族无球（运动）：种族用the:the Indians(印第安人)；球类运动 baseball,basketball6.有文无章：历史性的文件用the;小说等的章节不用the The Constitution(宪法）; chapter one7.学而不专：学校放在词组的前面时用the;专有名词放在词组的前面时不用the; The University of Fudan; Fudan University零冠词精讲1. 专有名词前一般不加冠词 China 中国 Europe 欧洲 Lei Feng 雷锋 William Shakespeare 威廉莎士比亚 2. 月份、周日、节日前一般不加冠词 January 一月份 Sunday 星期日 Christmas Day 圣诞节 Thanksgiving 感恩节 National Day 国庆节 May Day 劳动节 比较： .on a Sunday morning. 在一个星期天的早晨. （表示某一个。） 3. 三餐、四季前一般不加冠词 I have lunch at school. 我在学校吃午餐。 Summer is the best season for swimming. 夏天是游泳的好季节。 比较： I had a big lunch yesterday. 昨天我吃了一顿丰盛的午餐。（表示某一个） The dinner given by Mr Smith was very nice. 史密斯先生款待的晚宴真是美味。（表示特指） 比较： I will never forget the summer we spent in Hawaii. 我永远不会忘记我们一起在夏威夷度过的那个夏天。 （表示特指） 4. 进行球类运动 play basketball 打篮球 play volleyball 打排球 play football 踢足球 5. 没有特指的物质名词 This cart is made of wood. 这辆手推车是用木头作的。 比较： The wood outside was all wet. 外面的那些木头都湿了。（表示特指） 6. 没有特指的不可数抽象名词 Time is precious. 时间是宝贵的。 比较： The time of the play was 1990s. 这个剧本的时代背景是二十世纪九十年代。（表示特指） 7. 没有特指的可数名词复数形式后。 8. 山峰 Mount Qomolangma 珠穆朗玛峰 9. 固定词组 go to school 去上学 go to bed 上床睡觉 go by train 乘火车去 go by boat 乘船去 at table 在用餐in hospital 住院 at school 求学 in school 求学 at noon 在中午 at night 在晚上 at midnight 在半夜 in town 在城里 10. 独立结构中的名词不加冠词 A boy came in, book in hand. 一个男孩进来，手上拿着书。 11. 泛指人类 Man is mortal. 人必有一死。 12. 在kind of名词 sort of名词句式中 What kind of flower is it? 这是什么花？ I like this sort of book. 我喜欢这种书。 13. 指职位、头衔的词，如king，captain，president，chairman 等。 He is (the) captain of the team. 他是球队的队长。 As (the) chairman of the committee, I declare the meeting open. 作为委员会主席，我宣布会议开始。 3. 不用冠词的情况（1）名词前有指示代词this,that,these,those时不用冠词。eg.That girl is my friend.（2）名词前有物主代词my,your,his her,their等时不用冠词。eg.Lucy is her sister.（3）名词前有whose,which,SO1ie,any,each,every等代词时不用冠词。eg.Which man is Mr Green？Each student has a beautiful picture.（4）复数名词表示一类人或物时不用冠词。eg.Those young men are teachers,not students.（5）物质名词表示种类时不用冠词。eg.Snow is white.（6）抽象名词表示一般概念时不用冠词。eg.Does she like music？（7）在球类运动和棋类游戏前时不用冠词。eg.play basketballsoccerchess（8）在三餐前不用冠词。eg.have breakfastlunchsupperdinner（9）在人名、地名、节假日、星期、月份前不用。eg. Tina,China,Tiananmen Square,Beijing,University,New Years Day,Tuesday,January（10）在学科和节目名称前不用冠词。eg.My favorite is English. |1练习题( ) 1 Han Meimei is _ Chinese girl. Lucy is _ English girl.A. a; a B. an; an C. a; an D. an; a( ) 2 A little boy wrote_ U and_ n on the wall.A. a; an B. an; a C. an; an D. a; a( ) 3 _ old lady in brown is_ university professor.A. An; a B. An; / C. The; an D. The; a( ) 4 There are sixty minutes in_hour.A. an B. the C. a D. /( ) 5 This is _ interesting book and it is also _ useful one.A. an; an B. an; the C. ah; a D. a; a( ) 6 A computer is useful tool in o world today.A. an; the B. a; the C. the; the D. a; a2( ) 1 We have never seen _ interesting film.A. such B. such an C. so D. such a( ) 2 Mrs Smith is _ friend of _A. the; mine B. a; me C. the; my D. a; mine( ) 3 He is_boy.A. a seven-years-old B. an eight-year-oldC. the seven-year-old D. an eight-year-older( ) 4 Fsaw_ accident in the street yesterday.A. the B. a C. an D. /( ) 5 Now he is _ artist. 1 have known him since he was _ one-year-old boy.A. a; an B. a; a C. an; an D. an; a3( ) 1. Which bigger _ elephant or _ horse?A. a; the B. an; a C. the; an D. an; the( ) 2 _monkey can climb_trees.A. /; the B. A; / C. The; a D. /; /( ) 3 _ rains are faster than _ buses.A. /; / B. The; / C. /; the D. The; a( ) 4 -Have you learned German?-Yes. Its _ language Ive ever learned.A. a quite difficult B: quite a difficultC. difficult quite D. difficult a quite( ) 5 Some animals, like _ cat, _ dog or _ wolf, do not need to hibernate (冬眠).A. /; /; the B. the; the; the C. a; /; the , D. the; /; /4( ) 1 Yesterday we held_ talk with them in the hall.A. the B. this C. a D. an( ) 2 My mother had_ fever, so I had to look after her.A a B. the C, / D. this( ) 3 Looking at, he took_deep breath.A. / B. a C. that D. its( ) 4 I usually go out for _ walk after_ tea;A: a; / B. /; the C. a; a D. the; a( ) 5 After that they had _ sleep.A. a night good B. a nights good C. a good night D. a good nights5( ) 1 It is_since we_last time.A. long time; met B. a long time; meet C. a long time; met D. the long time; meet( ) 2 There came _ great noise. It frightened us.A. the B. a C. / D. that( ) 3 It is_ pleasure to work with these workers.A. an B. / C. a D. this( ) 4 After _ quick breakfast I hurried to _ school.A. /; / -rB. a; / C. the; the - D. the; /6( ) 1 This is_egg. _egg is big.A. a; A B. an; An C. a; The D. an; The( ) 2 There is_ W in_word map.A. a; an B. an; a C. an; the D. a; the( ) 3 Here is basket. _ basket is mine.A. a; The B. the; An. C. a; A D. the; A( ) 4 There is_ bridge over there. _ bridge is made of wood.A. the; The B. a; A C. the; A D. a; The( ) 5 He ordered _ book some time ago and now _ book has arrived.A. a; a B. the; a C. the; the D. a; the7( ) 1 She saw_ English film last Sunday. But she can not remember name of _ film.A. an; a; a B. a; the; aC. an; the; a D. an; the; the( ) 2 There is_ old man under_ tree.A. an; the B. the; a C. a; the D. an; /( ) 3 -What was _ yesterday? -November 24.A.date B. the date C. day D. the day( ) 4 We shall visit your country in_ coming year.A. a B. the C. one D. that( ) 5 Mother does most of _ at home.A. cleaning B. a clean C. the cleaning D. clean8( ) 1 -Whose room is that?-Its_.A. the twins B. of Lucy and LilyC. of the twins D. the twins( ) 2 Im busy_.A. at the moment B. at that moment C. in a moment D. just a moment( ) 3 _ book is very useful. I bought it from_unknown little town.A. A; a B. The; a C. A; an D. The; an( ) 4 English is_ interesting subject for most of students.A. the; an B. the; the C. an; / D. an; the( ) 5 _ girl in _ Grade Three is _ tallest in our school.A. The; the; the B. A; a; a C. The; /; the D. A; /; a9( ) 1 Mr White lives on _floor.A. the fifteen B. fifteen C. the fifteenth D. fifteenth( ) 2 A boy named Ding Wei kicked a goal early _ of the match. A. in the one half B. in the first half C. for the first half D. for half one( ) 3 He has tried twice, and the captain asks him to have _ third try. A. the B. a C. another D. other( ) 4 China is one of _ oldest countries in _ world.A. the; the B. the; / C. a; a D. an; the( ) 5 Mary is _ only girl who has been to American.A. a B. the fc. an D. /10( ) I We can see_sun and_moon in_ picture. A.a; the; the B. the; a; theC. a; the; a D. the; the; the( ) 2 o moon moves around _ earth, and they both are smaller than sun.A. The; an; a B. A; the; the C. /; /; / D. The; the; the( ) 3 Paris is _ capital of France.A. a B. / C. one D. the11( ) 1 _ Browns arrived there yesterday evening.A. / B. A C. The D. An( ) 2 Why not ask your father to draw_ map for you if you want to get to_Alices house easily?A. a; an B. /; an C. the; a D. a; /( ) 3 _ Browns are sitting at_ breakfast table.A. /; a B. The; / C. The; the D. / the( ) 4 _ Turners could not pay for _ colour TV set.A. The; a B. /; the C. /; a D. The; /( ) 5 They went to . Smiths and stayed there for half_ hour.A. /; an B. the; a C. a; the D. the; an12( ) 1 Cotton is grown in _ China.A. north B. the north of C. the north D. a north( ) 2 Its _ pleasure to see _ sun rising in _ east.A. /; the; / B. a; /; / C. a; the; the D. /; the; the( ) 3 Most of us are from_.A. the south B. south C. the southern D. southern( ) 4 _ United States lies in North America.A. An B. A C. The D. /13( ) I He likes playing_ piano, he doesnt like playing_ football.A. the; the B. the; / C. /; the D. /; /( ) 2 Tom enjoys playing _ football while I enjoy playing _ piano verymuch.A. the; the B. a; a C. /; the D. the; /( ) 3 Yesterday his mother bought_ piano and_basketball in that big shop.A. the; a B. a; a C. /; / D. some; two14( ) 1 _ night, a stranger knocked at the door.A. One B. The C. An D. A( ) 2 We often play football in_ of the school building.A. a front B. fronts C. front D. the front( ) 3 Theres going to be_English test next week. A. an; a . B. an; / C. the; a D. an; the( ) 4 There is a map on _ left of the picture.A. the B. / C. a D. an( ) 5 He takes a bath in_evening.A. the B. / C. a D.an15( ) 1 We should look after_ old.A. these B. those C. the D. an( ) 2 The young nurse is kind to _ ill in the hospital.A. a B. an 0. / D. the( ) 3 _ poor in those days had a hard time. A. A B. This C. The D. Those( ) 4 Not all _ beautiful is good.A. the B. a C. / D. this16( ) 1 They sailed along _ Yellow River for two weeks before they arrived _ home.A. /; / B. the; / C. the; the D. /; the( ) 2 The students of our school climbed_ West Mountains.A. the B. this C. that D. /3 The ship is sailing on_ Pacific OceanA.a B. the C. / D.that17( ) 1 -Excuse me, may I have_water, please? -Sorry, there isnt_water in_bottle. A. any; any; the B. some; some; a C. some; any; the D. some; any; a( ) 2 It is known to all that _ light travels faster than _ sound. A. /; / B. a; a C. the; the D. the; /( ) 3 _water (Water) is necessary in_peoples everyday life. A. /; / B. The; / C. The; the D. /; the( ) 4 I came here in_ autumn of 1982.A. one B. a C. an D. the18( ) 1 _ is the most difficult in this book.A. Lesson second B. The second lesson C. Second lesson D. Second lessons( ) 2 Tuesday is_ third day of the week. A. the B. / C. a D. an( ) 3 He is a student of_.A. class First B. the class one C. Class One D. First Class( ) 4 We were so late getting to the theatre that we missed most of _ .A. the act first B. Act One C. act first D. first act( ) 5 Flight Nineteen from New York to Washington is now arriving at .A. Gate Two B. the gate two C. the two gate D. second gate( ) 6 He lived in_.A. the room 105 B. the 105 room C. the 105 of the room D. Room 10519( ) 1 Reading_books can add to knowledge. A. a B. this C. / D. that( ) 2 All of_books here are Chinese.A. the B. / C. those D. that( ) 3 He like sports, such as football, basketball and so on.A. / B. a C. the D. an20( ) 1 -Where does Mike sit?-He sits _.A. on any the right B. at the front of meC. on my left D. at the back of me( ) 2 Me has _ few English books. He lent me, _ few of them last week.A. the; .a B. the; a C. a; the D. this; that( ) 3 _ Mr Smith is a teacher.A. The B. A C. This D. /( ) 4 Monday is my _ day.A. the busiest B. busy C. busier D. busiest21( ) 1 Before_supper, I always play_football.A. a; the B. the; / C. /; / D. /; the( ) 2 Lets go and take a walk after _ lunch.A. a B. the C. / D. this( ) 3 We had a party after _ meal that day.A. a B. the C. one D.( ) 4 When we called, the family were at_ dinner.A. / B. the C. a D. an22( ) 1 Mary became_monitor of our class.A. a B. an C. / D. the( ) 2 My father is_ chairman of the club.A. the B. / C. an D. this( ) 3 He was made_team leader.A. our B. that C. a D. the( ) 4 Mr Wang is coming to our school tomorrow.A. / B. The C. An D. This( ) 5 _ mother (Mother) is loved by us.A. The B./ C. One D. That23( ) 1 _ learning (Learning) English is very interesting to me.A. / B. The C. A D. An( ) 2 We all know that_ walking on the moon is very difficult.A. one B. the. C. / D. a( ) 3 _ running (Running) every morning is good for us.A. A B. / C. This D. That24( ) 1 Shall we go to see our teacher? She is ill .A. in a hospital B. in the hospitalC. in hospital D. in hospitals( ) 2 Have you ever traveled on _ train?A. the B. a C. an D. /( ) 3 He is going to London by _ sea.A. the B. a C. one D. /( ) 4 Marco Polo and his f