小学英语时态——巧学一般过去时.doc

一般过去时态讲解一、一般过去时态定义 表示人或事物在过去某个时间发生的动作、情况或存在的状态，也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。（注：行为动词（即实义动词）的过去式没有人称和数的变化!）一般过去时的结构：主语+动词过去式+过去时间状语 二、一般过去时谓语动词的构成 （1）连系动词be动词的过去式 am, is was, arewere。 （2）情态动词过去式的构成cancould(能、可以)maymight,（可以、可能） will would（将要）(注：有时情态动词过去式不表示过去，表示委婉的语气。（3）助动词do. does 的过去式 do. doesdid(4) 实义动词（行为动词）的过去式的构成:动词原型+ed三、“动词原型+ed”的规则1、一般情况下直加-ed。如： staystayed help - helped ask - asked looklooked watch - watched2、以不发音的字母e结尾的，则加-d。如：hopehoped love - loved dance - danced livelived live - lived 3、 以辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节的单词，则先双写这个辅音字母，然后再加-ed. 如：stopstopped plan(计划) planned drop - dropped beg - begged4、“以辅音字母+y”结尾的，则把y改为i, 再加 -ed。 carry - carried study - studied hurry - hurried 3、在 / t, d / 音后面, 读 / id / 。 wanted / tid / needed / did / 四、巧记不规则动词过去式1.“保持感觉睡觉扫”，中间去e尾加t，如： keepkept， feelfelt， sleepslept，sweepswept2.“建筑借出派人花”，字母d变字母t。如： buildbuilt，lendlent， sendsent，spendspent3.“响坐喝唱游开给”，遇见i就改为a 如： ringrang，sitsat， drinkdrank， singsang，swimswam，beginbegan， givegave4.“骑(马)”“开(车)”和“写(字)”，则把字母i变o。如：riderode，drivedrove，writewrote5.“想”“买”“带来”加“打仗”ought换上就OK.如： thinkthought，buybought， bringbrought，fightfought6.遇到“教书”和“抓住”，aught切莫忘记加。 如：teachtaught，catchcaught7.“知道生长扔画画”，o或a改为e。 如： knowknew，growgrew， throwthrew，drawdrew8.“放”“让”“读”这三兄弟，过去式原形一样 如： putput，letlet，readread/red 五、实义动词的过去式加 -ed 的读音规则1、在清辅音后，读清辅音 / t / 。 worked / kt / helped / pt / passed / st / washed / t / watched / t /2、在浊辅音和元音后，读浊辅音 / d / 。 played / d / carried / id / answered / d / lived / vd / used / zd / called / ld /六、一般过去时的结构：主语+动词过去式+过去时间状语1、由连系动词be的过去式(was,were)引导的一般过去时肯定句：主语+ was/were+其它。（注：当句子的主语为I he ,she ,it和名词单数时，动词则用was， 名词复数和其它人称则用were）否定句：主语+ was/were+not+其它。一般疑问句：was/were+主语+其它？特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ was/were+主语+其它？2、由实义动词的过去式(动词+ ed)引导的一般过去时 肯定句： 主语 +实义动词的过去式(动词+ ed)+其它。（注：实义动词的过去式没有人称和数。即：不管单数复数，不管第几人称都用实义动词过去式。） 否定句：主语 +didnt+实义动词的原型+其它 一般疑问句：did+主语 +实义动词的原型+其它？特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+did+主语 +实义动词的原型+其它？eg. - Did you go shopping yesterday? -Yes, I did. / No, I didnt. -Was she 15 years old last year? eg. - Did you go shopping yesterday? When and where were you born?三、一般过去时基本用法 1.表示在过去时间里发生的动作或存在的状态Liu Jie got up at 7: 10 this morning. He was a student three years ago. 2表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。Zhang Yuan always went to school by bike last year.3表示已故人所做的事情。 Lei Feng helped lots of people in his life. (雷锋一生帮助了许多人。)4.表示过去所发生的一系列动作，用一般过去时。 Miss Liu got up at seven oclock this morning, dressed, had breakfast, and went to work. 四、一般过去常用时间状语一般过去时一般都有明显的时间状语，它们可以是单词/短语或从句。1.yesterday, yesterday /morning/afternoon /evening，the day before yesterday等；2. last night (week，month，winter,year,Monday,Tuesday)等；3. “时间段+ago”：a moment / two days/a short time ago, an hour ago等；4. 由“介词+一时间名词”短语：on Friday, on Monday morning, on April 15, on the night of Oct. 1, in 1998，5.频度副词：often, always ,但是句中必须有last year等修饰；6. 其它：then, just now, once,以及由after或before构成的介词短语等7. 由某些表示过去时态的从句等。 e.g. I got up at five yesterday, but I didnt get up so early this morning. Did he watch TV last night? I was in Grade One last year.Compare them:比较下列各句He is 15 now.We are having a class at the moment. He was 14 last year. He was born on January 12,1991. She will be 16 next year. She often goes to school on foot.小结：时态，时态，时间、“状态”；不同时间， 不同“状态”，不知时间， 难定“状态”!三、教学课后练习（一） 用动词的正确形式填空。1 My mother_(is) born in 1960.2 The lion _(bite) the net two days ago.3 He _(make) a big hole last week.4 The cat _(catch) a mouse yesterday.5 What did he do? He _(try) to change China.6 He _(become) a doctor in 1995.7 She_(sit) under a big tree and_(read) books yesterday morning.8 Did you_(learn) English at school?9 They didnt_(go) go the zoo an hour ago. They_(go) to the park.10 He_(play) football on the playground and _(drink) a lot of water yesterday afternoon.11 _ you _ (drive) a car to get there yesterday morning? No. I_(drive) a bus.12 I thought he _(forget) everything.13 She _(fall) over before she got the baton.14 I _(feed) the dog an hour ago.15 I_ _ (not feel) well this morning.16 The bird _(fly) high two days ago.17 Yesterday_(is) my birthday. My parents _(give) me a doll.18 Last year, the plants _(grow) well.19 We _(have) a music lesson yesterday morning.20 When I _(is) a baby, I _(have) no hair. But now I_ (have) long hair.21. They _(put) the young trees into the holes and _(fill) the holes with earth after they dug the holes.22. Last year, a car _(crash) into the tree. It _(is) broken. I_(am) sad when I_(see) that.23. I_(clean) the house yesterday.24. She _(not go) to school yesterday because she _(is) ill.25. _ Tom _ (water) the trees yesterday?26. We _(plant) many trees this Sunday.27. He _(is) a teacher two years ago. But now he _(is) a doctor.28. There _(be) many houses here four years ago.29. The bedroom_(be) messy before.30. _ the cat _(catch) a bird yesterday?31. _ you _(move) the plants last week?Yes, we _(move) them to the garden.32. Who _(put) the seeds into the pot yesterday?My grandpa _(put) them into the pot.When _he_(put) them into the pot?He_(put) them into the pot yesterday afternoon.二选择正确的选项。（ ） 1. I_ to Disney Park last week. I _ excited. A. went, was B. go, was C. go, is（ ） 2. I_ in China in 1997. A. is B. am C. was（ ） 3. Do you know where he_ from? A. is B. are C. was（ ） 4. He said that he_ tired. A. is B. feels C. was（ ） 5. What did you do? I_ football. A. play B. plays C. played（ ） 6. I want to know how to_ trees? A. plants B. plant C. planted（ ） 7. They_ here at seven last night. A. leaved B. leave C. left（ ） 8. Did you help them_ an experiment? A. do B. does C. did（ ） 9. Where did you_ books? A. bought B. buyed C. buy（ ） 10. I thought this_ not good news. A. was B. is C. are三根据括号中的要求改写句子。1Mike didnt go to work last week.(特殊疑问句)_ 2Did you do your homework last night?(否定回答)_ 3She went to the cinema yesterday. (特殊疑问句)_ 4I got up later this morning.