高一英语必修2 unit3 教案 习题.doc

授课目的与考点分析：1. 完成对本单元的讲解与练习，达到对知识的掌握及灵活运用。2. 现在完成时态的被动语态的概念及运用。 授课内容：Unit3: Computers一、 语法The Present Perfect Passive Voice （现在完成时的被动语态）现在完成时一基本结构：助动词have/has+过去分词(done) 二句型：否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他.一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他.简略答语: Yes, 主语 + have/has.(肯定)No, 主语 + havent/hasnt.(否定)三用法（1）现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果I have spent all of my money (so far).(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.) Guo zijun has (just/already) come. (含义：郭子君现在在这儿)My father has gone to work.(含义是:我爸爸现在不在这儿) （2）现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或状态（be动词表示）常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用. for+时段since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从以来）since+时段+agosince+从句（过去时）It is+时段+since+从句（过去时）Mary has been ill for three days. I have lived here since 1998. 四has gone (to),has been (to), has been (in) 的区别 Have/Has gone(to) :去了(现在不在说话现场)Where is your father？He has gone to Shanghai. Have/Has been (to) :去过（已不在去过的地方）My father has been to Shanghai. Have/has been in：呆了多久（还在所呆的地方）My father has been in Shanghai for two months. /since two months ago.五现在完成时的标志1.现在完成时的含义之一是过去完成的动作对现在仍有影响,用 以下四大标志词可以表达这种含义: * 以already, just和yet为标志 He has already got her help.他已得到她的帮助。He has just seen the film.他刚刚看过这场电影。He hasnt come back yet.他还没有回来。* 以ever和never为标志This is the best film I have ever seen.这是我曾经看过的最好的一部电影。He has never been to Beijing.他从没有到过北京。* 以动作发生的次数为标志He says he has been to the USA three times. 他说他已经去过美国三次了。* 以so far（到目前为止）为标+before He has got to Beijing so far.到目前为止他已到了北京。She has passed the exam so far.到目前为止她已经通过了考试。2.过去已经开始的动作一直延续到现在, 甚至有可能继续延续下去,我们可以从动作“延续”的特性和“时间”点段的区分入手,进一步学习现在完成时。* for+时段 since+过去一个时间点（过去 从句）为标志注意： 1)现在完成时不能单独与过去的时间状语连用, 如yesterday,last week, three years ago 等; 2)不能与when连用 2.现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用六过去分词 1 、规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则： (1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。 work-worked-worked ,visit-visited-visited (2)、以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。 live-lived-lived , (3)、以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将 y 变为 i ，再加“ ed ”。 study-studied-studied ,cry-cried-cried (4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。 stop-stopped-stopped , drop-dropped-dropped 2 、不规则动词： 现在完成时练习(一)A)选用have, has填空:1.I _ told him the news.2.She _ come back from school.3.You _ won the game.B)按要求改写下列各句:4.They have bought a computer.(改成否定句)_5.He has lost his book.(先改成一般疑问句,再作肯定与否定回答)_C) 单项选择6. -Where have you _, Kate?-Ive _ to the bank.A. gone, goneB. been, beenC. gone, beenD. been, gone7. Her grandfather _ for two years. A. diedB. has diedC. has been deadD. has been died8. Its six weeks _ I met you last time.A. whenB. sinceC. beforeD. for9. Tom and Jack have arrived at West Hill Farm already.A. have gotB. have gone toC. have been toD. have reached现在完成时态的被动语态：1构成： 主动语态 被动语态现在完成时 have/has done have/has been done肯定句：He has been sent to study the new technology in the company.否定句：The dirty clothes have not been washed.一般疑问句：Have the windows been cleaned?特殊疑问句：How many shopping centers have been built in this city?2. 只有及物动词才有被动语态，不及物动词（词组）没有被动语态, 如:happen, take place, die, appear, disappear, fail, remain, lie, last, sit ,stand, break out, come true, belong to等如：What has happened to your brother?3但许多不及物动词加介词或副词构成的短语动词，相当于及物 动词，也可以有被动语态。但短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，变为被动语态时，不可丢掉构成短语的介词或副词。如：eg 1) The child has been taken good care of by Grandma Wang all these years.A notice has been put up on the wall.Practice :1 . Change the following sentences into the Present Perfect Passive Voice.Example: I have read this book many times. This book has been read many times .1. We have completed all the preparations for the task, and were ready to start. 2. This company has produced new types of computers. 3. They have interviewed several teachers for the job. 4. George has sent some texts and pictures to his friends cellphone. 5. They have developed some programmes for the human resource department of their company. 高考链接:1. -How long _ at this job? - Since 2005. A. were you employed B. have you been employed C. had you been employed D. will you be employed 2. When and where to go for the on-salary holiday _ yet. (2010上海春季)A. are not decided B. have not been decided C. is not being decided D. has not been decided1goal n目标；球门；得分 搭配 achieve ones goal实现目标 set a goal设定目标 score a goal进一个球；得一分 完成句子 (1)我们已经实现了为无家可归者建庇护所的目标。 Weve _of building a shelter for the homeless. (2)练习开始前，你最好设定一个目标。 Youd better _ before you start the drill. (3)巴乔为意大利队进了头一个球。 Baggio _ for Italy.2signal n信号vt.发信号 搭配 send/give a signal发信号 receive/pick up a signal接收信号 句型 signal (to) sb. to do sth.示意某人做某事 (1)她在向孩子们打手势，要他们留在外面。 She _. (2)警察向来往车辆发信号，示意缓慢前行。 The police _ slowly.3. go by 走过(某地)；(时间)过去，流逝；(机会等)失去，被轻易放过 A car went by at full speed.一辆汽车以全速驶过。 Several years went by before they met again. 他们过了好几年后才再度见面。 Dont let this chance go by.不要错失这次机会。4in a way 有几分；在某种程度上；就某种意义上来说 In a way I like Betty，but I wouldnt really trust her. 我有几分喜欢贝蒂，但我不会真正信任她。 In a way I agree with what you said at the meeting. 就某种意义上来说，我同意你在会议上的发言。 联想 in the way妨碍别人 all the way 从开始到现在，自始至终 in one way or another以一种或另一种方式 no way没门，决不 by the way顺便说一下5. make up (1)补足(2)编排(3)化妆(4)组成(be made up of. 由组成)(5)整理 拓展 make up for补偿运用：完成句子 (1)She is very good at _ _(编造) excuse. (2)You must _ _ _ _(弥补损失) for the part of Macbeth. (3)We must _ _(弥补) for the lost time.6after all 终究；毕竟；别忘了 Wed better buy some presents for our son，after all，his birthday is only two days away. 我们最好给我们的儿子买些礼物，别忘了，仅仅再过两天他 就生日了。 Forgive him hes a child after all. 原谅他吧，他毕竟还是个孩子嘛。 联想 in all总计 above all首先，首要 first of all首先(not) at all根本(不)7. watch over 看管；监视 完成句子 (1)They took turns to _ the children. 他们轮流看管这些孩子。 (2)They _ by three policemen. 他们被三个警察监视着。6get together 聚会；聚集 完成句子 (1)He _ some friends to plan a party for her. 他和几个朋友聚在一起计划为她举办一个聚会。 (2)We _ at the church. 我们聚集在教堂里。 联想 come together和好；集合 go together一起去；相配；相称 put together装配；组合；拼凑；综合疑难句型细解：1I know this sounds very simple，but at that time it was a technological revolution！我知道这听起来很简单，但在那时却是技术革命！ 点拨 句中sound是连系动词，意为“听起来”，用于以下三种结构：接形容词或名词作表语。 (1)报告听起来是真实的。 The report _. (2)听来她是一位很诚实的女人。She _ sound like名词或动名词。 (3)这故事听起来很有趣。 The story _. (4)这风听起来好像动物在叫。 The wind _ howling. sound as if从句。 (5)听起来你感冒了。 Your voice _ you have a cold. (6)听来好像政府不知所措。 It _ the government dont know what to do.2Then I was the size of a large room! 后来我有一间大房子那么大！ 点拨 此句中的the size of相当于as big as，这是一种常见的比较结构。 结构。 完成句子 (1)它大约有两个鸭蛋那么大。 Its about _ a ducks egg. (2)尼日利亚是英国的三倍大。 Nigeria is _Great Britain. 拓展 与此相似的结构还有：the height of (as tall/high as)； the length of (as long as)；the width of (as wide as)；the weight of (as heavy as) (3)这座山的高度是那座山的一半。 This mountain is half the height of that one . (4)这条路几乎和那条路一样宽。 This road is almost _. (5)这头大象几乎比那匹马重十倍。 This elephant is almost _.模仿造句1I developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years before I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage. 翻译三个月后他才病愈恢复健康。 _2By the 1940s， I had grown as large as a room，and I wonder if I would grow any larger. 翻译到2003年，那家公司已经发展成为一个跨国公司。 _3As time went by，I was made smaller. 翻译随着时间的推移，她越来越想家了。 _4I have also been put into robots and used to make mobile phones as well as help with medical operations. 翻译你不可能叫她既照顾孩子又做家务。_In a way made up with watch over goes by deal with get together work as after all As a result as well as单项选择1. -Whats happening in the new area? -New houses_ recently over there. A. are built B. built C. have built D. have been built2. This is a photo of the power station that_ in my hometown .A. has set up B. has been set up C. was set up D. is set up 3. There is a police car in front of our neighbors house. What do you suppose _? A. did happen B. has happened C. is happen D. has been happened5. Every possible means _ to prevent the air pollution, but the sky