八上Unit 10 辅导单词,词,知识点,语法,练习题.doc

Unit 10 If you go to the party,youll have a great time!一必记单词 1. meeting n. 会议；集会；会面 2. video n. 录像机 3. organize v. (= org anise )组织；筹备 4. chocolate n. 巧克力 5. upset adj. 难过；失望；沮丧 6. taxi n. 出租车；的士 7. advice n. 劝告；建议 8. travel v.&n. 旅行；游历 辨析：travel, trip, journeytravel常指长距离的旅行或国外旅游trip意为“旅行；远足”，尤指短途的游玩或有目的的旅行。如 a school trip 学校郊游；a weekend trip 周末旅行journey常指远距离的陆地旅行 9. teenage n. (13-19 岁的)青少年 10. normal adj. 正常的；一般的 11. unless conj. 除非；如果不（引导条件状语从句） 【unless可与if引导的否定的条件状语从句进行同义句转换。 Youll be late unless you hurry up.= Youll be late if you dont hurry up.】 12. certainly adv. 无疑；肯定；当然；行 13. wallet n. 钱包 14. mile n. 英里 15. angry adj. 发怒的；生气的 adv. angrily 16. understanding adj. 善解人意的；体谅人的 比较级和最高级分别为：more understanding, most understanding 17.careless adj. 粗心的;不小心的 18. careful adj. 细致的；精心的；慎重的 19. mistake n. 错误；失误 Notice: make mistakes in. (在方面) 犯错误 by mistakes 错误地 20. himself pron. 他自己 反身代词一览表单数myself我自己yourself你自己himself他自己herself她自己itself它自己复数ourselves我们自己yourselves他们自己themselves他们自己 Notice: 由反身代词构成的常用短语。 help oneself to. 随便吃/喝 enjoy onself to. 过得快乐；玩的开心 teach oneself.(= learn.by oneself) 自学 keep.to oneself 保守秘密 21. advise v. 劝告；建议 advice n. 劝告；建议【不可数名词,没有复数名词也不能与不定冠词an连用，表示数量是要借用piece或用some（一些），much（许多）等词。Eg. a piece of advice, some pieces of advice】 Notice: advise sb. on / about. 关于给某人的忠告/ 建议 advise sb. to do sth 劝告某人做某事 get advice from. 从某处获取建议 give sb. some advice 给某人提一些建议 22.solve v. 解决；解答 辨析：solve 与 answersolve常与 problem 搭配使用，表示解决问题，此问题难度较大answer常与 question 搭配使用，表示回答问题，此问题难度较小 23.step n. 步；步骤 24.trust v. 相信；信任trust to sth. 依赖某物trust in sb. 信仰某人，对某人有信心 25.experience n. 经验；经历 26. else adj. 别的；其他的(常位于疑问代词或不定代词之后） 27.agent n. 代理人；经纪人 28.expert n. 专家 29.halfway adj.&adv. 在中途；部分地做（或达到） 二. 常考词组及课文知识点 1. go to party 去参加聚会 2. have a great/good time 玩得开心；过得快乐同义短语为enjoy oneselfNotice: enjoy oneself中的oneself要与主语保持一致。 3. stay at home 待在家里 4. take the bus 乘公交车If I (take) a taxi, it (be) too expensive.(p75)Take a taxi“乘出租车”【拓展：（1）英语中交通方式的表达方式： take + a/the +交通工具名词。这是一个动词短语，在句中作谓语。 I often take a bus to school. by + 交通工具名词。这是一个介词短语，在句中作状语。需要注意的是,by后的交通工具名词要用单数形式，且交通工具名词前不能有任何修饰语。 I go to school by bus, 用某些动词短语表示，如walk to(步行去);drive to（开车去）；fly to(乘飞机去；飞往） （2）对交通方式提问用疑问词how。 - How do you go to school? - By bus. / On foot.【注意：”骑自行车“是ride a bike，而不是take a bike】 5. tomorrow night 明天晚上 6. have a class meeting 开班会 7. have a class party 举行班级聚会 8. half the class 一半的同学 half在此处用作形容词，意为“一半的；半个的”。 Eg. Half the melons are bad. 【Notice:half还可用做名词，意为“半，一半“。其复数形式为halves.】 class是集体名词，意为“全班同学”，是复数概念。 9. make some food 做些食物 10. at the party 在聚会上 11. Lets order food from a restaurant. Order及物动词，“订购；订货；点菜；命令”。用法如下：order sth. from+地点，从某地订购某物 I order some clothes from that shop.order sb. to do sth.命令某人做某事 Order him to act at once! 12. potato chips 炸土豆片，炸土豆条 13. be angry with sb. 生某人的气 14. give sb. some advice 给某人提一些建议 15. travel around the world 环游世界 16. go to college 上大学 17. make (a lot of) money 赚（许多）钱 18. get an education 得到教育 19. work hard 努力工作 20. a soccer player 一名足球运动员 21. keep.to oneself 保守秘密 22. talk to sb. 与某人交谈 有关talk的短语： talk with/to sb. 与某人交谈 talk about 谈论 talk over 商量；讨论 talk in a low/high voice 低声/高声交谈 23. in life 在生活中 24. be angry at/about. 因某事生气 be angry with sb. 生某人的气 25. in the end 最后；终于（相当于at last或finally） 26. make mistakes（in) (在方面）犯错误 by mistake错误地 27. in the future 在将来 28. run away 逃避；逃跑 29. the first step 第一步 30. in half 分成两半 31. solve a problem 解决问题 32. school clean-up 学校大扫除 33. be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事 be afraid of sth/sb 害怕某人/某事 Im afraid+从句 我恐怕辨析：be afraid to do sth.与be afraid of doing sth.be afraid to do sth因害怕而不敢做某事be afraid of doing sth担心或害怕做某事 34. It is best (not) to do sth. 意为“最好（不）做某事” 注：it 为形式主语，动词不定式为真正的主语。 Eg: It is best to speak English every day. 35. too.to. 太而不能做某事可与notenough to do sth.及sothat进行同义句转换Eg. He is too young to go to school. He is not old enough to go to school. He is so young that he cant go to school. 36. give sb. sth. 给某人某物 37. tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事 38. need to do sth. 需要做某事 39. I think Ill wear jeans to the party. (p73) I think“我认为”。当主语是第一人称（I或we），think表示“看法”时，其后接否定意义的宾语从句，要否定在主句上，即：I/We dont think + 肯定形式的宾语从句。Eg. I dont think he will come. I dont think Ill wear jeans to the party. 40. The students are talking about when to have ( a class / a class meeting / a birthday party ).(p74) when to have a class party是“疑问词+动词不定式”结构。“疑问词+动词不定式”结构可与主从复合句进行同义句转换。Eg. I have decided when to start.= I have decided when I will start. 41. If we ask people to bring food, theyll just bring potato chips and chocolate because theyll be too lazy to cook. (p74)ask sb. (not) to do sth. 要求某人(不要)做某事 Our teacher asks us to read every day.potato chips炸土豆片；炸薯条 其中，名词potato作定语，变复数时只变后面的名词。 Eg. apple tree-apple trees【a man teacher- two men teachers, a woman doctor- some women doctors】tooto“太而不能”，表示否定意义。Too后跟形容词或副词，to后跟动词原形。 若表示“对某人来说太而不能”则用toofor sb. to。 The question is too difficult for me to answer.42. 反身代词常用作动词的宾语，表示动作的承受者为主语本身。 Eg. He hurt himself yesterday. 【拓展：由反身代词构成的常用短语： help oneself to; enjoy oneself; teach oneself(= learnby oneself)自学 反身代词一览表 单数myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitself复数ourselvesyourselves themselves 43. worry about“为担心” worried形容词，“担心的；发愁的”，be worried about“为担心”，与worry about同义。 Eg. He was worried when he was lost. 44. He thinks the first step is to find someone you trust to talk to.(p77) 这是一个主从复合句。这个主从句较为复杂，既有宾语从句又有定语从句。其中“the first step is to find someone you trust to talk to”是宾语从句，作动词thinks的宾语。而“you trust”又是一个定语从句，修饰先行词someone。动词不定式to talk to也作定语，修饰someone。 动词不定式 to find someone you trust to talk to在句中作宾语从句中的表语。动词不定式可在句中作表语。 Eg. My job is to feed the animals. trust v. 相信；信任trust to sth. 依赖某物trust in sb. 信仰某人，对某人有信心Eg. Do you trust in God? 你信奉上帝吗？ 45. In English, we say that sharing a problem is like cutting it in half. (p77)在英语中，我们说分享一个问题就像把他一分为二。 share及物动词，“分享”。share sth. with sb.“与某人分享某事”。 Eg. Lets share the happiness with your parents. in half“分成两半”。 Eg. Do you know how to cut the cake in half?3、 语法专项 一 if引导的条件状语从句【教材典句】 1. If you go to the party, youll have a great time. 2. If we have it today, half the class wont come. 3. If we do that, more people will want to play the games. 以上三句都含有if引导的条件状语从句。【语法全解】 1. If在本单元的句子中意为“如果；假如”，用于引导一个条件状语从句。If引导的条件状语从句表示条件。含有if引导的条件状语从句的复合句由主语和if从句构成。If引导的是一个完整的句子，故一定要有主语，称为从句，另一个句子则称为主句。如上面例句1中，“If you go to the party”是从句，而“youll have a great time”是主句。Eg. If you go there, Ill go ,too. 2. If引导的条件状语从句在主从复合句中的位置很灵活，可直接放在主句前也可放在主句后。但是当if引导的条件状语从句放在主句前，即句首时，从句后面要用逗号与主句隔开。其结构如下： if引导的条件状语从句，+ 主句 Eg. If he comes here, well play together. = Well play together if he comes here. 3. 时态：由if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来，其主句可以使用一般现在时、含有情态动词的句子或祈使句。 Eg. If it doesnt rain tomorrow, well go fishing. 巧记: if引导的条件状语从句(if)条件句不一般，几个要点记心间；(if)条件句，放在前，逗号要放主句前；(if)条件句，放在后，符合主从的规律；(if)条件句表可能，主将从现是关键。 二 should的用法【教材典句】 1. Should we ask people to bring food? 2. I think you should go to the college. 以上两句都含有情态动词should。【语法全解】 1. 用法：should用作情态动词，意为“应该”，其后跟动词原形，用来表示义务和责任。 We should obey traffic rules. 2.否定句：should的否定句要在should后直接加not，可缩写为shouldnt. You shouldnt smoke in the hospital. 3. 一般疑问句：should的一般疑问句要把should提前。 Should you come here tonight?Notice: should也是shall的过去式，表示过去将来，现在已不常用，已被would代替。Exercise：1、 单项选择 1. -Whats your favorite food?-I like best. I had a large bowl last night. A.potato noodle B.potatoes noodle C.potato noodles D.potatoes noodles 2. Studying in groups in necessary you want to do well in school. A.if B.until C.unless D.though 3. If Bob away from the junk food, he will be in good health.A.stay B.will stay C.stays 4. In order to speak English better, we be afraid of losing face. Because the most important thing is to practice. Remember, practice makes perfect.A.should B.shouldnt C.have to 5. If they go to the party, they . A.enjoy themselves B.enjoyed themselves C.will enjoy themselves D.will enjoy them 6. I think I will to the party next week. A.by bus B.by the bus C.take bus D.take the bus 7. The little boy is young go to school this year. A.too;to B.to;too C.so;that D.too;too 8. -Could you give us about the party, Mr. Zhang?-Sure. Im glad to do that. A.some advices B.a advice C.some advice D.an advice9. If you have some problems you can somebody. A.talk to B.talking to C.talk about D.talks about 10. Youll be late for school, you hurry up! A.if B.unless C.because D.or 11. If you dont finish your homework, your teacher will you.A.be angry with B.be angry at C.are angry with D.is angry at 12. - Mrs Zhang was sent to teach English in a poor mountain village last year. -She said she would never forget some pleasant while working there.A.experiments B.expressions C.experiences D.emotions 13. Some students are so that they often make mistakes in their homework.A.careful B.serious C.careless D.successful 14. The man tried several times to start the car, and he succeeded . A.in the past B.in the end C.at first D.at once 15. I had a bad cold. The doctor asked me in bed. A.staying B.to stay C.stayed D.stays2、 完形填空 Do you often think of your parents? You may say,“Of course, I 1 . I buy a present for my mother on Mothers Day and on Fathers Day I give my father 2 ,too.” But what about the other days of the year? I have a friend whose parents live in another city. One day I went to see her. We had a nice talk. Then she wanted to 3 . So she dialed the number, but then she put down the phone. After about fifteen 4 , she dialed the number again.“Hi, Mon” Later I asked,“ 5 did you dial the number twice?” She smiled,“My parents are old and 6 . They cant get close to the phone quickly. I always do so when I call them. I just want to give them 7 time to answer the call.” My friend is a good girl. She is 8 thinking about her parents. You also want to be a 9 child, right? Please remember to 10 your parents in every situation, not just on some important days. ( )1.A.do B.will C.wont D.dont ( )2.A.a cake B.a kiss C.a present D.some money ( )3.A.have a rest B.make a call C.pay a visit D.go gor a walk ( )4.A.hours B.minutes C.seconds D.days ( )5.A. Why B. What C. How D. When ( )6.A.fast B.careless C.healthy D.slow ( )7.A.enough B.quick C.no D.little ( )8.A.never B.always C.seldom D.sometimes ( )9.A.bad B.clever C.sick D.good ( )10.A.protect B.look after C.think of D.listen to3、 根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 我想我将会乘公共汽车去参加聚会。 I think I to the party. 2. 如果他们明天举办聚会的话将会发生什么？ What if they the