高考重点词汇讲解.doc

高考重点词汇讲解1fastadj. five minutes fast 块五分钟; fast road快速路adv. fast asleep快速入睡; run fastn./v.禁食，斋戒2faulta fault（缺陷，过错） in the theoryHe always finds with my work.merits and s; 优缺点 faultless 完美的，无懈可击的3. favordo sb. a , a style in 流行的一种款式That might be in your favor. 那可能对你有利。in of: in support of 支持4feedfeed on 以为食Feed sb. with sth. 用喂养well-fed营养充足的feedback n. 反馈be fed up with 厌烦5. feel like doing 想要做某事It s good to be home. 回到家真好 ones way 摸索 the earth moving （注意后面的动词用-ing形式）Can you feel the tension in this room? 你能感受到屋里的紧张气氛吗？The dead cannot feel。死人没有知觉。6fetch回去取，强调动作的一来一回。区别get比fetch口语化,意思基本一致，take 是拿走,bring是拿来7. fieldin the fields 在田里in the field of 在领域on the field 在场地8. figure the of a hero 英雄的风姿They figured （估计，认为，料想）it was better to stay where they were. 他们认为呆在他们原来的地方比较好。 out（make clear弄明白）：I cant figure out why he quit his job.9. fill with 用填满 in the time 填写时间 in the form 填写表格Laughter filled the room. 屋里充满了笑声。fill up/ out 填好10. find找到，强调结果；与look for “寻找”对应。find out查明，指经过调查或研究得到的结果。finding n. 发现11. fine paper 薄纸, hairs细发, china精美瓷器I will be.我会没事的。He is a very fine musician.卓越的That suits me fine. sb. $ for sth.罚款12. fire at 强调动作，向开火, sb. 强调结果，强调射中，也可以表示“炒了某人，解聘”set to 向点火, be on 着火，强调状态。make a 生火; catch 着火，强调动作 The house caught fire.注意主语为着了的对象,put out the 扑灭火, start a 点火13. fitbe fit for 适合某人，主要指工作，或衣服的尺寸/ keep 减肥，保持苗条;keep fit with diet and exercise.a nice (n)衣服合身; v. I fit the job./ The job fits me. These shoes fit me.The music fits your mood.Id like to have a desk in the room but it wont fit. (搁不下)They fitted a smoke alarm on the ceiling. (安装)14. fix the car修理; a time/ day/place etc 敲订 sth. on/ to 把固定到 attention/ mind/eyes on sth. 集中注意力keep ones eyes fixed on the ceiling15. focus (attention) on 集中注意力在 sth. on 对准n. the of sth.the of attention关注的焦点16. follow sb. 跟随某人/ the advice Read as s 阅读如下The following is/ areThere followed a short silence.follower 拥护者，赶时髦者，追随者17. forbid sb. from doing sth. sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事Forbidden City 故宫/ forbidden fruits 禁果Photography is strictly forbidden. 严禁照相18. force sb. to do 强迫某人做某事by 依靠武力，the air 空军; the （aimed）s 武装力量The rider forced his horse on through the storm. a d smile 一个勉强的微笑19. forgetDont that 别忘了 about sth. 停止想Forget it! 算了吧！休想！Forget oneself忘我Forget-me-not勿忘草20. formfill in the 填表格； in the of 以的形势The team formed up（形成） into lines. /develop a habit 养成一个习惯A plan began to form in his head.21. fortunemake a 发财That ring must be worth a fortune. 那个戒指一定价值不菲。Fortune smiled on me.我交了好运。try ones 试运气; cost a 花了一大笔钱fortunate adj. 幸运的22. freeadj. be 有空的，免费的; for / of charge 免费的 from 免于，使不做; set 释放; adv. Dont run free on the main street 乱跑freely 自由自在的 You cannot talk freely on the conference.你在会上不能随便讲话。freeway 高速公路23. freezefreezing point冰点/ cold 非常寒冷below freezing 零度以下frozen food 冷冻食品The smile froze on her lips. 她的笑容僵住了。Freeze or Ill shoot! 别动，否则我就开枪了。The thief froze when he heard the footsteps approaching.24. from beginning to end从头到尾; now/then on 从现在/那时开始 generation to generation 一代代的 door to door挨家挨户的; morning to night 从早到晚，from time to time不时的25. frontat/in of 在外部的前面vs. in the of 在内部的前面例如：He is standing in front of the students.He is standing in the front of the classroom. door 前门；go to the 去前线26. fullbe 满了，吃报了; be of 充满; name 全称take full advantages= make full use of 充分利用at full speed 以全速The roses are in full bloom. 玫瑰花在怒放living life to the full 充实有意义的生活27. funn. It is 这是快乐的事；for 为了好玩, full of 充满你乐趣What it is! 注意：fun 并不适合抽象名词具体化得原则，因此不能加冠词 “a”。Have fun 玩得愉快！make fun of 开的玩笑28. functionn. perform a :履行职责v. 运转 well/properly as: 起作用；当使用The sofa can also function as a bed.29. gain high score/experience/support/ reputation sth. from 从获益 weight增肥/speed加速/height增高The watch gained two minutes. 表快了两分钟。30. gathergather together 聚会 at the gate 在门口集合A crowd gathered （聚拢）to see what had happened.Dark clouds were gathering in the sky. Heavy rain would come soon.We are invited to a small social gatheringThe people had to gather up their few possessions and escaped abroad. The harvest has been safely gathered in. 收集1. generaln. 将军；in 通常情况下adj. the opinion大众的意见, the manager 总经理ly speaking 一般来说此外speaking还可以接：personally/ frankly/ briefly/ honestly/ strictly speakingThe plan has been generally accepted.It is ly accepted that2. get a cold感冒; sth. done 把某事做完, get caught 被捉，遇到I got caught in the rain. 我遇雨了。 down to (doing) sth. 着手做; along with sth./sb. 某事进展如何，与某人相处 off下车, get out of走出, get about走动, get rid of 除掉get over（=recover） from 从中恢复 get through =完成, 顺利通过考试，电话打通，get into trouble 陷入麻烦3. give away赠送，背叛，泄露;in 屈服 Do you think the President will give in to the terrorists demand?up (doing) sth.放弃; off/out散发; out 用完；消耗尽；精疲力竭；（指发动机等）停止运转，出故障After a month their food supplies gave out.Her patience finally gave out.One of the planes engines gave out in mid-Atlantic. birth to 产生A hobby gave birth to a successful business.4. gohave a go at sth. 尝试; on the go忙碌 bad变坏 The food can easily go bad in Summer. ahead 前进，发生; all out for全力以赴go about sth.着手做As time goes by随着时间的推移off= explode 爆炸 out 熄灭 The light went out in the night.over 检查，复习 through 通过，检查, 经历 He went through a lot of pains. in for对感兴趣; go out for竞选= compete forWe sat and watched the sun go down. 我们坐下看太阳落山。The thieves ran away when the burglar alarm went off.当警报响起的时候贼跑了。They went through our luggage at the customs.在海关他们检查我们的行李。5. goodIts no good doing没用,徒劳do to/ be for 对于有好处Enough is as good as (=nearly) a feast.知足常乐。She left her country for good. （=for ever）他永远离开了祖国。6. graduatev. from从毕业; n. a 毕业生Only 30 students graduated from school 研究生院； student研究生； certificate毕业证书7. growlink-v. It grows dark. 天色渐晚。vi. 生长 The trees grow well.区别：plant 种植 vt. We plant the trees every year.The boy grows into a man.My sons only interest seems to be motorbikes, but I suppose he will grow out of it.（停止，戒除）8. guidea tour 导游; guide book 旅行指南； v. sb. to do sth.指导某人做某事； sb. to some placeHe guided the man through the streets to the railway station.9. habitget into /grow/ develop the habit of培养习惯; be in the of 有的习惯get rid of /kick/ break off a 改掉习惯10. handat hand 在近旁,即将发生by 手工的; in = under control 在控制中 in 手拉手, catch sb. by the 捉住某人的手 in 上交, out 分发He asked for her hand.求婚I only heard the news at second hand.（二手的，间接的）11. hanghang on坚持（=hold on）,不挂电话Hang on at your present job until you can get another.hang out 消磨时光 We would like to hang out at night.He hung out of the window.伸出窗外hang up the phone 挂断电话He saw the clothes hanging（悬挂，注意不用被动语态） on the back of the door.12. happen to do sth. 恰巧做某事; sth. be likely to 某事有可能发生There happened to be 恰巧13. harmonyin with和谐 His tastes are in harmony with mine. 相同14. havehave sb./ sth. do/ doing/ done （根据主被动来决定用现在分词还是过去分词）My mother had me buy some food downstairs.Dont have the water running all the time.I had my room cleaned yesterday.have sth. to do with 与有关have done with sth.= finish sth. 完成15. headUse your head!动动脑子！ Lose ones head. 不知所措He has a good head for maths. 他天生数学好。 of the department 部门的领导v. for 朝走去；引起某种结果They look as if they are heading for devoice.16. hearI heard she got married.hear from sb.收到某人的来信；hear of/ about sth. 听说hearing aid助听器On hearing the news, his jaw dropped. 听到这个消息，他惊讶得张口结舌。17. helpcant help doing禁不住做某事=cant help but do help sb. with在方面帮助某人; with the of 因为有了的帮助sb./sth. be of great/little 某人/某物很有帮助/没有帮助。 adj. helpful , helplesshelpout帮助某人解决困难18. hirehire sth.租用，租借;hire sb.雇用 vs. fire 解聘n. bicycle for 供出租的自行车19. hitv. hit sb. on the nose/in the stomach 打某人的某个部位The car hit the side of the road. 车撞到了马路牙子上。be badly/severely/hard 撞的很惨n. The record was a big hit （成功）and sold a million copies.20. hold a meeting 开会, a pen 握住笔, hands拉手I dont think that branch will your weight. 承重He holds strong views on education. 保有的观点 sb./sth. back 保留,阻止 off延迟远离The rain held off just long enough for us to have our picnic. 雨一时下不起来，我们有足够的时间吃完野餐。 on 坚持,稍等 He held on to the rope1. honorn光荣; 荣幸： It is a great honour to be invited. 承蒙邀请, 十分荣幸. 荣誉; 名誉; 信誉： fight for the honour of ones country 为祖国的荣誉而战an to sth/sb 给某事物某人增光的人或事物： She is an honour to her profession. 她是同行的光荣.have the honour (of sth)获得某种特权; 获得某种特殊的荣幸： May I have the honour of this dance? 可以赏光和我跳这个舞吗?in honour of sb/sth；in sbs/sths honour出於对某人某事物的敬意： a ceremony in honour of those killed in battle 为纪念阵亡将士而举行的仪式.v sb/sth (with sth) 向某人某事物致敬; 表扬某人; 给某人以荣誉： I feel highly honoured by your trust. 我得到您的信任, 感到十分荣幸. 2. hopen C, U (of/for sth)； (of doing sth/that.) 希望Our hopes for fine weather were not disappointed. 我们盼望天气好, 这倒并未落空. C sing 通常作单数使人抱有希望的人事物或情况： You are my last hope; if you cant help, Im ruined. 你是我最後的希望, 你要是帮不了我, 我就完了.in the hope of sth/that.怀着.的希望： I called in the hope of finding her at home. 我希望她能在家才给她打的电话.v (for sth) (a)希望, 期待（某事物）; （对某事物）有信心： We havent heard from him for weeks but were still hoping (for a letter). 我们已经有好几个星期没有听到他的消息了, 但是仍然在盼望着（能有信来）. I hope to announce the winner shortly. 我希望马上宣布胜利者的名字.(b) 但愿（某事物）; 想望： Will it rain tomorrow? I hope not/so. 明天会下雨吗? 但愿不会下能下 hope for the best 希望获得好结果.3. howeveradv无论如何; 不管多麽： You wont move that stone, however strong you are. 不管你力气多大, 也休想搬动那块石头.然而; 不过; 仍然： She felt ill. She went to work, however, and tried to concentrate. 她病了. 然而她照旧去上班, 并且尽力集中精神工作. however interrog adv究竟怎样; 到底以什麽方式： However did you get here without a car? 没有汽车你究竟是怎样来的呢? 4. hurt使（某人自己 身体的某个部位 动物等）受伤或受肉体痛苦： Did you hurt yourself? 你把自己弄伤了吗? 感到或引起疼痛： My leg hurts. 我腿疼.使（某人）精神痛苦; 伤（某人）心; 伤（感情）; 使烦恼： It hurts.对（某事物）有不良影响; 损害： Sales of the product have been seriously hurt by the adverse publicity. 该产品受到了反面宣传, 销量大受影响.n 1 U, (to sth)精神上的痛苦或创伤： The experience left me with a feeling of deep hurt. 这段经历给我心灵上留下了严重的创伤.C肉体 上的伤害或痛苦. 5. idean C构想; 思想; 主意： Hes full of good ideas. 他足智多谋.U, sing 印象; 感想： This book gives you some idea/a good idea of life in ancient Greece. 这本书可以使你对古希腊人的生活有一些认识有深入的了解. C意见; 信念： He has some very strange ideas. 他有一些奇怪的想法.get the idea理解： Do you get the idea? 你明白了吗?have no idea不知道; 无能力： He has no idea how to manage people. 他根本不知道如何做人事工作.6. ignorev忽视（某人某事物）：Youve been ignoring me. 你一直不把我放在眼里对（某人）故意不打招呼 不予承认或不予理睬： I said hello to her, but she ignored me completely! 我向她打招呼, 可她根本不理我!7. illadv (尤用以构成复合词) 坏; 恶劣地： an ill-written book 写得很差劲的书不利地; 不友好地; 坏： speak/think ill of sb 说某人坏话/对某人不怀好感ill-mannered adj 无礼貌的; 举止粗鲁的.ill-natured adj脾气坏的; 粗暴的; 不厚道的; 不仁慈的：an ill-natured personadj （身体上或精神上）不适, 不健康, 有病： Hes been ill for two weeks. 他病了两个星期了. 作定语 (a)不好的; 不良的; 坏的; 糟糕的：ill health 不健康 (b)有害的; 邪恶的：suffer no ill effects 未受坏影响. (c)不友好的; 敌意的; 怨恨的：You ought to apologize and show there is no ill feeling between you. 你应当道歉, 表明你们之间并无恶感.作定语不利的; 不吉的： ill luck 恶运8. imaginev 想像, 设想（某事物）：magine a house with a big garden. 设想有一所带大花园的房子. Imagine that you are in London. 想像一下你正在伦敦吧. She imagined walking into the office and telling everyone what she thought of them. 她想像自己走进办公室, 对每个人都说出自己对他们的看法. 料想, 设想, 想到（某事物）：I cant imagine that anyone cares what I do. 我想不出谁会关心我的所作所为. I cant imagine living anywhere but England. 我很难设想能到英国以外的地方去生活.猜想（某事物）; 认为： I imagine (that) hell be there. 我猜他会到那儿去.9. impressv sb (with sth) 给予某人深刻印象; 使某人钦佩而起敬： The sights of the city never fail to impress foreign tourists. 外国游客无一不对该市留有深刻印象. The girl impressed her fiances family with her liveliness and sense of humour. 姑娘又活泼又富幽默感, 未婚夫家人十分喜欢她. We were most impressed with/by your efficiency. 你的工作效率很高, 我们极为钦佩. sth on/upon sb使某人铭记某事物; 使某人深深意识到某事物： His words impressed themselves on my memory. 他的话铭刻在我的记忆里. sth (in/on sth)用硬物压入软物表面而留下痕迹; 盖印： designs impressed on/in wax 在蜡板上压印出的图样.10. includev 包括, 包含（某人某事物）：The conference delegates included representatives from abroad. 大会代表中有来自海外的代表. sb/sth (in/among sth)使（某人某事物）成为整体中的一部分： include an article (in a newspaper) （在报纸上）登一篇文章 Detailed instructions are included in the booklet. 小册子中有详细说明.including prep包括（某人某事物）在内： The band played many songs, including some of my favourites. 乐队演奏了许多歌曲, 包括几首我最喜爱的.11. increasev (sth) (from A) (to B)增加, 增大（数目 数量 体积等）：The population has increased from 1.2 million 10 years ago to 1.8 million now. 人口从10年前的120万已增加到现在的180万. The rate of inflation has increased by 2%. 通货膨胀率已增长了2%. He increased his speed to overtake the lorry. 他加大速度以超过前面的货车.n (in sth)增加的量： Greater spending on education is expected to lead to a large increase in the number of students. 希望在教育上多投资以期多收学生.12. informv sb (of/about sth)通知或报告某人（某事）; 告诉某人： Keep me informed (of/about what happens). 有事随时通知我. He informed the police that some money was missing. 他向警方报案说有些钱不见了.informed adj有知识的; 见闻广的; 了解情况的： an informed guess,有根据的猜测.13. intendv sth (as sth)打算; 意欲; 想要： Its not what I intended (it to be). 那并不是我的本意. I intended to do it, but Im afraid I forgot. 我本有意去做, 但很遗憾, 我忘记了.为某人定下计画或目标： I intend that you shall take over the business. 我有意让你接管公司. You werent intended to hear that remark. 你按说不应该听那些话. sth for sb为某人准备某事物; 要使某人受某事物的影响： I think the bomb was intended for me. 我认为那颗炸弹是要炸我的. sth as sth打算使某事物成为另一事物： Was that remark intended as a joke? 那句话是不是当作笑话说的?intended adj1 attrib 作定语计画的; 打算的; 意欲的： the intended meaning, result, effect, purpose 原来的意思 想要的结果 预期的效果 原有的目的.2 for sb/sth pred 作表语为（某人某事物）计画或设计： a book, course, programme, etc intended for children, adults, beginners, etc 为儿童 成人 初学者等而写的书 开设的课程 编排的节目等14. interestn (in sb/sth) 兴趣; 好奇心; 关心： feel, have, show, express (an) interest in sb or sth对某人或某事物觉得有 有 表现有 表示有兴趣 do sth (just) for interest/out of interest/for interests sake,（纯粹）因为有兴趣从兴趣出发/为了兴趣而做某事（以满足求知慾）.引起关心或好奇心的性质; 趣味; 吸引力： The subject may be full of interest to you, but it holds no interest for me. 这个问题即使你兴味盎然, 我也是兴味索然.C令人感兴趣的事物; 爱好： a person of wide, varied, narrow, limited interests 兴趣广泛 多样 狭窄 有限的人Her main interests in life are music, tennis and cooking. 她生活中的主要爱好是音乐 网球和烹饪.C usu pl 通常作复数 好处; 利益; 福利： look after, protect, safeguard, etc ones own interests, 照顾 保护 保卫.自己的利益U (on sth) (finance 财)利息：pay interest on a capital sum 付一笔资金的利息in sbs interest(s)为某人的利益; 对某人有好处; 有利於某人： sth that is not in the public interest 不符合公众利益的事in the interest(s) of sth 为某事物的缘故： In the interest(s) of safety, no smoking is allowed. 为了安全, 严禁吸烟.v oneself/sb (in sth) (a) 使自己某人注意 关心或感兴趣：a topic that interests me greatly 使我大感兴趣的题目interested adj (in sth/sb)（对某人或某事物）感兴趣的, 关心的：Are you interested in history? 你喜欢历史吗? an interested look 显出好奇的样子 I shall be interested to know what happens. 我很想知道情况会怎样.interesting adj有趣的; 引起兴趣的： interesting people, books, conversation 有趣的人 书籍 谈话.15. invitev sb (to/for sth) (a)（朋友般地）邀请, 约请： Are you coming to the party? No, I havent been invited. 你来参加聚会吗? 不, 我没有受到邀请. invite sb for/to dinner/to have dinner 请某人吃饭 invite sb home/to ones house 邀请某人到家中作客(b)（正式地）邀请, 约请: Candidates will be invited for interview early next month. 下月初将约请候选人面试. sth (from sb) 请求 要求或徵求（意见 建议等）：After his speech he invited questions and comments (from the audience). 他讲完话後请听众提问题和意见.引起, 招致（坏的事物）（通常并非本意）：Leaving your car unlocked is just inviting trouble! 汽车不锁上纯粹是自找麻烦!吸引（某人某事物）; 引诱： Leaving the windows open is inviting thieves to enter. 窗户不关犹如开门揖盗.invitation n 邀请： a letter of invitation 邀请信inviting adj诱人的; 动人的： an inviting look, smell, prospect, idea 诱人的样子 气味 前景 主意16. joinv sth onto sth/on; A to B; A and B (together/up)连结;结合; 联合： Two extra carriages were joined onto the train/joined on at York. 列车在约克又挂上了两节车厢. join two sections of pipe together 把两条管子接在一起 up with sb/sth； up 与（某人某物）会合或相聚：The firm joined up with a small delivery company to reduce costs. 该商行与一家小运输公司合并以降低成本.与（某人）在一起 会面或相见： Ill join you in a minute. 我马上就来找你.参加（某组织）; 加入（某处任职）：Membership is free, so join today! 免交会费, 今天 就参加吧! join the army, navy, police, etc 加入陆军 海军 警务部门等.join (with) sb in doing