实验报告(IS-IS实验).doc

一. 实验名称：IS-IS实验二. 实验设备：（在模拟平台）14台路由器2若干线缆三. 网络拓朴：四. 预期要达到的实验结果：1IS-IS多区域实现全网互通。2了解IS-IS多区域产生区域外次优路由的原因。3掌握IS-IS路由渗透的配置。五. 配置思路步骤：（工程配置思想）1根据拓扑图，互联链路、业务网段(用回环模拟)配置及测试。 2根据区域及路由器类型配置IS-ISa) 各路由器NET地址需配置正确。b) 将相应的接口加入到ISIS进程中。c) 根据情况修改RT2、RT3各接口级别。d) 配置完成后查看RT5和RT1的IP路由表，并测试RT5业务网段和RT1业务网段间的连通性3修改RT3、RT5间链路开销为5(接口下：isis cost 5)，修改RT1、RT3间链路开销为30，重新查看RT5和RT1的IP路由表，分析路由变化的原因，分析RT5业务网段去往RT1业务网段的转发路径是什么，并使用Tracert命令查看。4. 在RT2、RT3上做路由渗透，然后查看RT5 IP路由表的变化，分析RT5业务网段去往RT1业务网段的转发路径是什么，并使用Tracert命令查看。六. 实验调试过程：1根据拓扑图，互联链路、业务网段(用回环模拟)配置及测试。 1) 完成在RT5上的回环地址以及接口IP地址的配置。RT5interface LoopBack 0 RT5-LoopBack0ip address 172.16.0.1 32RT5-LoopBack0quitRT5interface LoopBack 1 RT5-LoopBack1ip address 172.16.1.1 32RT5-LoopBack1quitRT5interface Ethernet 0/1/3RT5-Ethernet0/1/3ip address 10.1.1.13 30RT5-Ethernet0/1/3%Oct 14 18:13:07:792 2012 RT5 IFNET/4/UPDOWN: Line protocol on the interface Ethernet0/1/3 is UP RT5-Ethernet0/1/3quitRT5interface Ethernet 0/1/0RT5-Ethernet0/1/0ip address 10.1.1.9 30 RT5-Ethernet0/1/0%Oct 14 18:13:34:16 2012 RT5 IFNET/4/UPDOWN: Line protocol on the interface Ethernet0/1/0 is UP RT5-Ethernet0/1/0quit2) 完成RT3上接口IP配置并测试接口E0/1/2与RT5接口E0/1/3的连通性。RT3interface Ethernet 0/1/2RT3-Ethernet0/1/2ip address 10.1.1.14 30RT3-Ethernet0/1/2%Oct 14 18:18:51:288 2012 RT3 IFNET/4/UPDOWN: Line protocol on the interface Ethernet0/1/2 is UP RT3-Ethernet0/1/2ping 10.1.1.13 PING 10.1.1.13: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break Reply from 10.1.1.13: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=4 ms Reply from 10.1.1.13: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=1 ms Reply from 10.1.1.13: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=5 ms Reply from 10.1.1.13: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=10 ms Reply from 10.1.1.13: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=1 ms - 10.1.1.13 ping statistics - 5 packet(s) transmitted 5 packet(s) received 0.00% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 1/4/10 msRT3-Ethernet0/1/2quitRT3interface Ethernet 0/1/0RT3-Ethernet0/1/0ip address 10.1.1.5 30 RT3-Ethernet0/1/0%Oct 14 18:19:43:548 2012 RT3 IFNET/4/UPDOWN: Line protocol on the interface Ethernet0/1/0 is UP3) 完成RT2上接口IP配置并测试接口E0/1/2与RT5接口E0/1/0的连通性。RT2interface eRT2interface Ethernet 0/1/2RT2-Ethernet0/1/2ip address 10.1.1.10 30RT2-Ethernet0/1/2%Oct 14 18:22:18:296 2012 RT2 IFNET/4/UPDOWN: Line protocol on the interface Ethernet0/1/2 is UP RT2-Ethernet0/1/2ping 10.1.1.9 PING 10.1.1.9: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break Reply from 10.1.1.9: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=4 ms Reply from 10.1.1.9: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=4 ms Request time out Reply from 10.1.1.9: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=5 ms Reply from 10.1.1.9: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=5 ms - 10.1.1.9 ping statistics - 5 packet(s) transmitted 4 packet(s) received 20.00% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 4/4/5 msRT2-Ethernet0/1/2quitRT2interface Ethernet 0/1/0RT2-Ethernet0/1/0ip address 10.1.1.1 30 RT2-Ethernet0/1/0%Oct 14 18:22:51:103 2012 RT2 IFNET/4/UPDOWN: Line protocol on the interface Ethernet0/1/0 is UP4) 完成RT1上回环地址的配置、接口IP配置并测试接口E0/1/1与RT3接口E0/1/0的连通性、接口E0/1/0与RT2接口E0/1/0的连通性。RT1interface LoopBack 0RT1-LoopBack0ip address 192.168.0.1 32RT1-LoopBack0quitRT1interface LoopBack 1 RT1-LoopBack1ip address 192.168.1.1 32RT1-LoopBack1quitRT1interface LoopBack 2 RT1-LoopBack2ip address 192.168.2.1 32RT1-LoopBack2quit RT1interface LoopBack 3 RT1-LoopBack3ip address 192.168.3.1 32RT1-LoopBack3intRT1-LoopBack3quitRT1interface Ethernet 0/1/1 RT1-Ethernet0/1/1ip address 10.1.1.6 30RT1-Ethernet0/1/1%Oct 14 18:29:16:30 2012 RT1 IFNET/4/UPDOWN: Line protocol on the interface Ethernet0/1/1 is UP RT1-Ethernet0/1/1ping 10.1.1.5 PING 10.1.1.5: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break Reply from 10.1.1.5: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=25 ms Reply from 10.1.1.5: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=5 ms Reply from 10.1.1.5: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=4 ms Request time out Reply from 10.1.1.5: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=4 ms - 10.1.1.5 ping statistics - 5 packet(s) transmitted 4 packet(s) received 20.00% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 4/9/25 msRT1-Ethernet0/1/1quitRT1interface Ethernet 0/1/0RT1-Ethernet0/1/0ip address 10.1.1.2 30 RT1-Ethernet0/1/0%Oct 14 18:30:10:365 2012 RT1 IFNET/4/UPDOWN: Line protocol on the interface Ethernet0/1/0 is UP RT1-Ethernet0/1/0ping 10.1.1.1 PING 10.1.1.1: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break Reply from 10.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=26 ms Request time out Reply from 10.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=26 ms Reply from 10.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=16 ms Reply from 10.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=15 ms - 10.1.1.1 ping statistics - 5 packet(s) transmitted 4 packet(s) received 20.00% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 15/20/26 ms2根据区域及路由器类型配置IS-IS1) 完成RT5上NET地址、接口加入ISIS进程的配置。RT5isisRT5-isis-1network-entity 10.0001.0001.0005.00RT5-isis-1is-level level-1RT5-isis-1quitRT5interface Ethernet 0/1/0RT5-Ethernet0/1/0isis enableRT5-Ethernet0/1/0quitRT5interface Ethernet 0/1/3RT5-Ethernet0/1/3isis enableRT5-Ethernet0/1/3quitRT5interface LoopBack 0RT5-LoopBack0isis enableRT5-LoopBack0quitRT5interface LoopBack 1RT5-LoopBack1isis enable 2) 完成RT3上NET地址、接口加入ISIS进程、修改接口级别的配置。RT3isisRT3-isis-1network-entity 10.0001.0001.0003.00RT3-isis-1quit RT3interface Ethernet 0/1/2RT3-Ethernet0/1/2isis enableRT3-Ethernet0/1/2isis%Oct 14 18:52:51:859 2012 RT3 ISIS/4/ADJLOG:ISIS-1-ADJCHANGE: Adjacency To 0001.0001.0005 (Eth0/1/2) UP, New Level-1 Adjacency.RT3-isis-1quit RT3interface Ethernet 0/1/2RT3-Ethernet0/1/2isis circuit-level lRT3-Ethernet0/1/2isis circuit-level level-1%Oct 14 18:53:49:751 2012 RT3 ISIS/4/ADJLOG:ISIS-1-ADJCHANGE: Adjacency To 0001.0001.0005 (Eth0/1/2) DOWN, Level-1 Circuit Down.%Oct 14 18:53:49:751 2012 RT3 ISIS/4/ADJLOG:ISIS-1-ADJCHANGE: Adjacency To 0001.0001.0005 (Eth0/1/2) DOWN, Level-1 Adjacency clear.RT3-Ethernet0/1/2%Oct 14 18:53:49:751 2012 RT3 ISIS/4/ADJLOG:ISIS-1-ADJCHANGE: Adjacency To 0001.0001.0005 (Eth0/1/2) UP, New Level-1 Adjacency.RT3-Ethernet0/1/2quitRT3interface Ethernet 0/1/0 RT3-Ethernet0/1/0isis enRT3-Ethernet0/1/0isis enable RT3-Ethernet0/1/0isis circuit-level level-23) 完成RT2上NET地址、接口加入ISIS进程、修改接口级别的配置。RT2isisRT2-isis-1network-entity 10.0001.0001.0002.00RT2-isis-1quitRT2intRT2interface eRT2interface Ethernet 0/1/2RT2-Ethernet0/1/2isis enableRT2-Ethernet0/1/2%Oct 14 18:57:47:850 2012 RT2 ISIS/4/ADJLOG:ISIS-1-ADJCHANGE: Adjacency To 0001.0001.0005 (Eth0/1/2) UP, New Level-1 Adjacency.RT2-Ethernet0/1/2isis ciRT2-Ethernet0/1/2isis circuit-level level-1%Oct 14 18:58:20:985 2012 RT2 ISIS/4/ADJLOG:ISIS-1-ADJCHANGE: Adjacency To 0001.0001.0005 (Eth0/1/2) DOWN, Level-1 Circuit Down.%Oct 14 18:58:20:985 2012 RT2 ISIS/4/ADJLOG:ISIS-1-ADJCHANGE: Adjacency To 0001.0001.0005 (Eth0/1/2) DOWN, Level-1 Adjacency clear.RT2-Ethernet0/1/2%Oct 14 18:58:20:985 2012 RT2 ISIS/4/ADJLOG:ISIS-1-ADJCHANGE: Adjacency To 0001.0001.0005 (Eth0/1/2) UP, New Level-1 Adjacency.RT2-Ethernet0/1/2quitRT2int e0/1/0RT2-Ethernet0/1/0isis enRT2-Ethernet0/1/0isis cirRT2-Ethernet0/1/0isis circuit-lRT2-Ethernet0/1/0isis circuit-level lRT2-Ethernet0/1/0isis circuit-level level-24) 完成RT1上NET地址、接口加入ISIS进程的配置。RT1-isis-1network-entity 20.0001.0001.0001.00 RT1-isis-1is-level level-2RT1-isis-1quitRT1interface Ethernet 0/1/1RT1-Ethernet0/1/1isis enableRT1-Ethernet0/1/1%Oct 14 19:04:24:976 2012 RT1 ISIS/4/ADJLOG:ISIS-1-ADJCHANGE: Adjacency To 0001.0001.0003 (Eth0/1/1) UP, New level-2 Adjacency.quiRT1-Ethernet0/1/1isis enableRT1-Ethernet0/1/1quit RT1interface Ethernet 0/1/0RT1-Ethernet0/1/0isis enableRT1-Ethernet0/1/0quitRT1interface LoopBack 0RT1-LoopBack0isis enable RT1-LoopBack0quitRT1interface LoopBack 1RT1-LoopBack1isis enable RT1-LoopBack1quitRT1interface LoopBack 2RT1-LoopBack2isis enable RT1-LoopBack2quitRT1interface LoopBack 3RT1-LoopBack3isis enable RT1-LoopBack3quit3修改RT3、RT5间链路开销为5(接口下：isis cost 5)，修改RT1、RT3间链路开销为30， RT5int e0/1/3RT5-Ethernet0/1/3isis cost 5RT3int e0/1/2RT3-Ethernet0/1/2isis cost 5RT3-Ethernet0/1/2quitRT3int e0/1/0RT3-Ethernet0/1/0isis cost 30RT1int e0/1/1RT1-Ethernet0/1/1isis cost 304. 在RT2、RT3上做路由渗透。RT2isisRT2-isis-1import-route isis level-2 into level-1RT3isisRT3-isis-1import-route isis level-2 into level-1七. 实验调试结果：1修改开销前：查看RT5和RT1的IP路由表，并测试RT5业务网段间的连通性图1.修改开销前：查看RT5的IP路由表可以发现RT5除了本地回环地址以及直连网段，去往其他网段都是通过ISIS配置的默认路由到达，由于网络号、子网掩码、优先级、度量值都相等，产生了2条负载分担的路由，下一跳分别为10.1.1.14和10.1.1.10。也就是说达到RT3、RT2的数据流实行负载分担。图2.修改开销前：查看RT1的IP路由表发现除了直连网段以及本地回环地址，去往RT5同一接口的路由信息唯一，但是去往RT5同一业务网段的路由信息都有2条。其原理同RT5上分析，实现了负载分担。图3.修改开销前：在RT5上测试业务网段的连通性。发现RT5业务网段与RT1业务网段是想通的，其实若用tracert命令进行多次追踪，可以发现去往RT1经过RT3、RT2的次数是大致相等的。2修改开销后：重新查看RT5和RT1的IP路由表，分析路由变化的原因，分析RT5业务网段去往RT1业务网段的转发路径是什么，并使用Tracert命令查看。图4.仅修改开销后查看RT5的IP路由表通过与修改开销前RT5路由表的对比发现，唯一不同的便是默认路由信息的改变。修改开销前，RT5到达RT3、RT2的开销均为10，所以下一跳有2个选择。但是将RT5到RT3的链路开销改为5后，5小于10，根据路由安装原则，选择下一跳为10.1.1.14，即经过RT3。图5.仅修改开销后查看RT1的IP路由表通过与修改开销前的对比，直连与本地回环的路由信息不改变。由于开销变化，导致路由信息变化。其中1) 目的网络为10.1.1.12/30的下一跳未变，只是开销变为5；2) 目标网络为10.1.1.8/30的下一跳变为10.1.1.1，其具体经过RT2、RT5到达，总开销为1