英语时态练习题精华.doc

一般现在时A Tips:常用时间状语：always通常，often经常，sometimes有时，everyday每天，everyweek每周一 一般现在时的基本用法： A. 表示经常发生的事或存在的状态。例：She is often late.她经常迟到。She goes to work everyday.她每天去上班。C Tips:表示心理状态和感情的动词：wonder （想知道）suppose(猜想) love(热爱)prefer(宁愿)remember(记住) know(知道)B. 表示普遍真理和特征。（一般不用时间状语） 例：The earth is round.地球是圆的。 Birds fly in the sky.鸟儿在空中飞翔。C.表示心理状态或感情的动词往往用一般现在时表示。 例：I want your help.我需要你的帮助。 I dont think you are right.我认为你错了。D Tips:常见的动词有：look（看起来）sound(听起来) smell(闻起来) seem(似乎) appear(显得) belong to(属于) 但feel(感觉)例外，它常用于进行时：He is feeling better now. 他现在好多了。D. 系动词一般用于一般现在时（而不用于进行时） 例：It smells good.它闻起来很好。 This parcel belongs to me.这个包裹是属于我的。E. 在时间条件状语从句中表示将来的动作。 例：If it doesnt rain tomorrow, well go to the Summer Palace. 如果明天不下雨，我们就去颐和园。二 Be动词的一般现在时：1. 句型结构肯定句： 主语+be动词+其它 He is a student.否定句： 主语+be动词+not+其它 He is not a student一般疑问句：Be动词+主语+其它？ Is he a student?特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句+be动词+主语+其它？ What is his job?要学好be动词的一般现在时，要注意以下两点：（1） 主语与be动词的搭配。（2） 一般疑问句的回答方法。下面我们就这几个方面分别介绍：（1） 主语与be动词的搭配，我们可以用表格来表示： 第一人称单数Iam我是复数Weare我们是第二人称单数Youare你是复数Youare你们是第三人称单数HeSheItisisis他是她是它是复数Theyare他们是（2） 一般疑问句的回答方法。在回答be动词构成的疑问句时，要用Yes或 No，句型如下：Yes+主语+be动词No+主语+be动词+notTips:在回答的过程中，主语必须是代词，不能说No,John isnt.例：Is John a student?Yes, he is.No, he isnt.三 一般动词的现在时。除了be动词（am is are）助动词和情态动词以外的动词全部称为一般动词，在一般动词的句型中，第三人称单数的动词变化要特别注意，一般动词现在时的否定句和疑问句要加do/does.这和be动词是不同的。1. 句型结构 肯定句：主语（除第三人称单数外）+动词+其它 We go to school by bus. (第三人称单数)主语+动词-s/-es+其他 He goes to school by bus. 否定句： 主语+do not(dont)+动词+其它 We dont go to school by bus. (第三人称单数)主语+does not(doesnt)+动词+其它 He doesnt go to school by bus.一般疑问句： Do+主语+动词+其它？ Do you go to school by bus? 回答： Yes+主语+do No+主语+dont Does+主语（第三人称单数）+动词+其它 Does she go to school by bus? 回答： Yes+主语+does. No+主语+doesnt.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+do+主语+动词+其它 How do you go to school everyday? 特殊疑问词+does+主语(第三人称单数)+动词+其它 How does he go to school everyday?2.一般动词的现在时需要注意以下几点：1. 主语与一般动词的搭配 主语为第一，二人称及所有复数形式时主语为第一人称I及第二人称you,以及复数时，一般动词仍保持原型。I go to school every day.我每天去上学。You go to school every day.你每天去上学。They go to school every day.他们每天去上学。主语为第三人称单数时一般动词像play, like, go等是一般动词的现在式，当主语为第三人称单数，字尾要加-s, -es, 形成plays, likes, goes。动词变单三形式的基本规律：A.词尾加-sa. 一般动词在词尾加-s,s在清辅音后读S,在浊辅音或元音后读Z例：help帮助 helps S make做 makes Z swim游泳 swims Z leave离开 leaves Z know知道 knows Z play游戏 plays Z b. 一般动词在词尾加-s,在t后读ts,在d后读 dz 例：get得到gets ts ride骑，乘rides dzB. 词尾加-esa. 以字母s/x/ch/sh结尾的动词加-es,es读iz 例：guess猜测 guesses iz teach教导 teaches iz fix固定 fixes iz wash洗 washes iz b.以o结尾的动词也加es，读zgo走goes z do 做does zC.词尾去y为 i,再加-es 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先变y为i, 再加-es,es读zfly飞flies carry携带 carriesstudystudies have和 has 当主语为第三人称单数时，动词have须改为has,其意思可译为“有，吃开（会）。” I dont have lessons on Saturday. 星期六我没有课。 What do you have for dinner? 你晚餐要吃什么？ She has brown hair. 她有一头褐色的头发。 This room has five windows. 这房间有五扇窗户。2. 一般动词现在时的疑问句和简略答语，请参照下列表格：主语疑问式简略答语第一人称单数Do I speak English?Yes,you do.No, you do not/dont.第二人称单数Do you speak English?Yes,I do.No,I do not./dont.第三人称单数Does he/she speak English?Yes, he/she does.No,he/she doesnt所有人称复数Do we speak English?Yes,we/you doNo,we/you do not/dontDo you speak English?Yes,we do.No,we do not/dontDo they speak English?Yes,they do.No,they do not/dont如何把肯定句改为一般疑问句：1.先判断主语是第三人称单数或是其他情形。如果主语不是第三人称单数，就使用Do,然后在句尾加“？”。 You play the piano. Do you play the piano.?2.如果主语是第三人称单数，就使用Does。 She plays the piano. Does she play the piano?一般现在时用法专练:一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数 drink _ go _ stay _ make _look _ have_ pass_ carry _come_ watch_ plant_ fly _study_ brush_ do_ teach_二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. Ben and Tom _(be) in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(like) that blue dress?6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays?7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I _(take) a walk together every morning.10. There _(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike _(like) cooking.12. They _(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully.14. You always _(do) your homework well.15. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed.16. She _(go) to school by bus everyday.17. Peter _(do) not like PE.18. The child often _(watch) TV in the evening.19. Tim and Jason _(have) eight lessons this term.20.What day _(be) it today? Its Saturday.三、按照要求改写句子1. Bill watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)_2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)_ 4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句)_6. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句)_7. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问)_8. John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问)_9. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改为否定句)_五、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)1. Isyour brother speak English? _2. Does he likes going fishing? _3. He likes play games after class. _4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. _5. She dont do her homework on Sundays. _过去进行时一 过去进行时的基本用法Tips:常用时间状语：then(那时，当时)；at this/that time（在这/那时）；yesterday(昨天)；at nine yesterday（昨天九点钟）；last night(昨晚)过去进行时表示过去某个时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作。例：What were you doing at nine last night?昨晚九点的时候你在做什么 I was doing my homework.我正在做家庭作业。二 过去进行时的句型结构1. 肯定句： 主语+be动词过去式+动词现在分词+其它 例：I was playing computer games at nine last night. 昨晚九点钟的时候我正在玩电脑游戏。主语Be动词现在分词第一人称单数He She ItWasV.(动词)+ing第三人称单数He She It第二人称单数YouwereV.(动词)+ing所有人称的复数You We They2. 否定句 ：主语+be动词过去式+not+动词现在分词+其它例：I wasnt playing computer games at nine last night. 昨晚九点钟的时候我没有正在玩电脑游戏。过去进行IwasnotV.(动词)+ingHe She ItwasnotV.(动词)+ingYou They WewerenotV.(动词)+ing3. 一般疑问句 ：Be动词过去式+主语+动词现在分词+其它？ 例：Were you playing computer games at nine last night? 你昨晚九点钟的时候正在玩电脑游戏吗？ 回答方式：Yes,I was./No,I wasnt.4. 特殊疑问句 ：特殊疑问词+be动词过去式+动词现在分词+其它？ 例：What were you doing at nine last night? 你昨晚九点钟正在做什么？要学好动词过去进行时，只掌握句型结构是不够的，还要注意：一 主语与be动词的搭配人称主语Be动词第一人称单数Iwas复数Wewas第二人称单数Youwere复数Youwere第三人称单数HeSheItwaswaswas复数Theywere二 没有进行时的动词 Have/has当“拥有”讲时()Im having a lot of books.()I have a lot of books.我有许多书。注：但当have/has表示“吃饭，开会，玩得愉快”等意思时，可用进行时。例：We are having a good time.我们玩得很愉快。I was having dinner when you called me up.你打电话来时我正在吃晚饭。三 过去进行时和一般过去时的区别过去进行时表示过去某时正在进行的动作，而一般过去时则表示一个完成的动作。也就是说用一般过去时，只是表示有过这件事；用过去进行时，则强调了动作的连续性。例：Li Ming washed the dishes.李明洗过盘子了。Li Ming was washing the dishes.李明在洗盘子。The children watched TV yesterday evening.昨天晚上孩子们看了电视。The children were watching Tv yesterday evening.昨晚孩子们整晚都在看电视（没干别的）I read a novel this morning.上午我看了一本小说。（已经看完了）I was reading a novel this morning.上午我在看小说。（可能没看完）四 常用动词的现在分词的变化规律1. 一般加-ing 如：workworking2. 以e结尾的词去e后加-ing 如：liveliving3. 以一个元音字母加辅音字母结尾的双写这个辅音字母加ing 如：stopstopping swimswimming 常用动词的现在分词play(玩)playing study(学习) studyingstop(停止) stopping write(写) writingmake(做)making take(取) takingcut(砍) cutting run(跑) runninglive(住) living arrive(到达) arrivingmove(移动) moving look(看) lookingsit(坐) sitting swim(游泳) swimmingcome(来) coming drive(驾驶) drivingcook(烹调) cooking speak（说）speaking一般将来时一般将来时的谓语动词可以有be going to,也可以有will/shall,下面我们分别加以介绍：一 be going to +动词原形+1. 用法：对于将要发生的事，或打算，计划，决定要做的事情，皆以“be going to+动词原形+”的句型来表示。因为此句型中含有be动词，所以是否用am,are,is ，还要取决于主语。和一般将来时连用的时间状语soon很快 before long不久tomorrow 明天 in the (near)future在（不久的）将来the day after tomorrow今天下午 in two weeks/days两周/天后this afternoon今天下午this evening今天晚上 this year今年next week(month,year,summer)下一周（月，年，夏天）2. 句型结构：A. 肯定句主语+be(am,are,is)going to+动词原型+例：I am going to play football next Sunday. 下周日我打算踢足球。He is going to teach in Beijing next year.Tips:缩略句的表达法Im going toHes going toWere going toIm not going toHe isnt going toWe arent going to明年他将要在北京教书。B. 否定句主语+be(am,are,is)notgoing to+动词原型+例：Were not going to have any class next week.下周我们不上课。Its not going to rain this afternoon.今天下午没有雨。C. 一般疑问句Be(Am,Is,Are)+主语+going to+动词原形+?Tips:回答be going to构成的一般将来时的一般疑问句时，只需简略回答为：肯定：Yes,主语+be否定：No,主语+be+not因为句型中有be动词，所以它的疑问句的作法也和含有be动词的句型相同。把be动词放在句首，就使其成为疑问句了。例：A:Are you going to be a doctor when you grow up? 你长大了，打算当一名医生吗？B:Yes,I am.是的，我想。B:No,Im not.不，我不想。D. 特殊疑问句疑问句分为两种，一种是以be动词为句首的一般疑问句，另一种就是以疑问句为句首的特殊疑问句。疑问词（What,Where,How）+be(am,is,are)+主语+going to+动词原形+ 例：How are they going to spend their holidays? 假期他们打算怎么过？ 二“主语+will/shall+动词原形+”构成的一般将来时。1.用法：（shall/will+动词原形）通常表示单纯的将来，往往不涉及主语的主观意愿。2.句型结构 A.肯定句主语+will/shall+动词原形+Tips:主语+will常用缩略式I will IllYou will YoullHe will hellShe will shellIt will itllWe will wellThey will theyll在书面语中，主语是第一人称I或We时，常用shall,即“I/We+shall+动词原形+”在口语中，所有的人称都可以用will。即可以是“主语（所有人称）+will+动词原型+。”例：I will/shall arrive in New York tomorrow morning. 我明天早上到纽约。I will call you this evening.今天晚上我会给你电话。Shall we go now?我们现在就去吗？（表示询问，征求意见时，只用shall） B.否定句 主语+will/shall not+动词原形+ 例：I will not /wont tell it to him. 我不会把这件事告诉他的。 She will not listen to me. 她不听我的话。 He wont have time to read English. 他不会有时间读英语的。 C.一般疑问句Tips:Shall I?或Shall we?常用来征求对方意见。而在问对方是否愿意，或者表示客气的邀请或命令时，常用Will you?同时这两种情况的回答比较灵活。 Will/shall+主语+动词原形+? 例1：A:Will he be back in two days? 他两天后会回来吗？ B:Yes, he will.是的，他会。 B:No, he will not.不，他不会。 例2：A:Shall we have any class tomorrow? 明天我们有课吗？ B:Yes, we will/shall.是的，我们明天有课。在一般疑问句中的肯定回答Yes,I will.不能用Ill,因为shall和will在句末时不能用缩略式。 B:No,we wont/shall not.不，明天我们没课。 例3：A:Shall I go home now? 我现在可以回家了吗？ B:Yes,you will./Sure,you will.是的，可以回家了。 B:No,you wont./Im sorry.You cant.不，你不可以回家。 例4：A:Will you please open the window? 劳驾，您打开窗户好吗？ B:Yes,I will./Of course.Sure.好的。/当然了。 B:No, I wont./Im sorry.I cant.不，我不能。/真对不起，我不能。E. 特殊疑问句疑问词+will/shall+主语+动词原型例：Where will you go tomorrow?你明天要去哪？A:When will Mike arrive here tomorrow? 迈克明天什么时候到达这里？B:He will arrive here at three oclock. 他明天三点钟到达这儿。在学习一般将来时的过程中，要特别注意“be going to+动词原形”与“will/shall+动词原形”的区别。在现代英语中，特别是在口语中，表将来时多用“be going to+动词原型”这一形式。另外它们的主要区别在于“be going to+动词原形+”表示一个事先考虑好的意图，相当于中文的 “打算，计划，准备”而will,shall则表示未经事先考虑的意图。例：There is somebody at the door.Ill go and open it. 门口有人，我去开门。 （Ill go and open it.去开门显然是未经事先考虑的意图，在此，不宜说Im going to open it.）Mike:Im sorry.I forgot to mail the letter for you.迈克：真对不起，我忘了替你发信了。 Tom:Never mind.Ill mail it tomorrow. 汤姆：没关系。明天我去发了它。 （显然，汤姆说明天我去发这封信时不能用be goingto mail,因为这不是事先计划好的） I wont/am not going to tell you my age. 我不会/准备告诉你我的年龄。 He is going to change his job. 他打算换工作。 （换工作是事先考虑好的意图，所以用be going to）一般将来时专项练习一.填空1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。 I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends. I _ have a picnic with my friends.2.下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。 What _ you do next Monday? I _ play basketball.3.你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。 _ your mother _ _ go shopping this _? Yes, she _. She _ _ _ buy some fruit.4.你们打算什么时候见面。 What time _ you _ _ meet?二.按照要求改写句子1. Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定）_2.Ill go and join them.（改否定）_3.Im going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）_？4.We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句）_？5.She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问）_ _ she _ _ _ after school?6. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(对划线部分提问)_ _ going to see a play the day after tomorrow？三.用所给词的适当形式填空1.Today is a sunny day. We _ (have) a picnic this afternoon.2.My brother _ (go) to Shanghai next week.3.Tom often _(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He _(go) to school by bike.4.What do you usually do at weekends? I usually _(watch) TV and _(catch) insects? 5.Its Friday today. What _she _ (do) this weekend? She _ (watch) TV and _ (catch) insects.6.What _ (d0) you do last Sunday? I _ (pick) apples on a farm. What _ (do) next Sunday? I _ (milk) cows.7.Mary _ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.8.Liu Tao _ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.9.David _ (give) a puppet show next Monday.10.I _ (plan) for my study now一般过去时1概念：一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。2分类:Be动词的一般过去时am ，is的过去式是was。（was not=wasnt）are的过去式是were。（were not=werent）肯定句主语(单数人称)+was+I was tired last night.He was in Grade 4 last year.主语(复数人称)+were+They were at school at that time.否定句主语(单数人称)+wasnt+I wasnt tired last night.He wasnt in Grade 4 last year.主语(复数人称)+werent+They werent at school at that time.一般疑问句Was+主语(单数人称) +Was I tired last night?Was he in Grade 4 last year?Were+主语(复数人称) +Were they at school then？一般疑问句的回答Yes,主语(单数人称)+was./No, 主语(单数人称)+ wasnt.Yes,I was./No,I wasnt.Yes,he was./No, he wasnt.Yes, 主语(复数人称)+ were./No, 主语(复数人称)+ were.Yes,they were./No,they werent.一般动词的一般过去时肯定句主语+动词过去式+He played football yesterday.否定句主语+didnt+动词原型+We didnt go to the zoo last Sunday.一般疑问句Did+主语+动词原型+Did they have the party last Friday?一般疑问句的回答Yes, 主语+did./No, 主语+didnt.Yes,they did./ No,they didnt.3. 一般过去时的用法有明确表示过去的时间状语I went to the zoo last Saturday.过去一段时间发生的动作He played badminton with his friends yesterday.常见一般过去时时间状语Yesterday,last year (Sunday,week), two days(ten years ,nine months) agoTips:动词过去式变化规则：1一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：look-looked2结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted3末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped4以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied5不规则动词过去式：动词原型过去式动词原型过去式动词原型过去式am /is是waswrite写wrotehurt伤害hurtare是weredraw画drewknow知道knewdo做diddrink喝drankmeet见面metsee看见sawfly飞flewlose丢失lostsay说saidride骑rodesell卖soldgive给gavespeak讲spokesend送sentget得到gotsweep扫sweptsleep睡sleptgo去wentswim游泳swamstand站stoodcome来camesit做satsteal偷stolehave有hadcan能couldthink想thoughteat吃atebegin开始beganthrow扔threwtake拿着tookbring带来broughtwear穿着worerun跑ranbuy买boughtwin赢wonsing唱sangcatch抓caughtunderstand理解understoodput放putchoose选chosemake做madefind找到foundread读readhear听见heardExercises:1 用动词的适当形式填空1. It _ (be) Bens birthday last Friday.2. We all _ (have) a good time last night.3. He _ (jump) high on last Sports Day. 4. Helen _ (milk) a cow on Friday.5. She likes _ newspapers, but she _ a book yesterday. (read)6. He _ football now, but they _ basketball just now. (play)7. Jims mother _ (plant) trees just now.8. _ they _ (s