2017中考英语名词复习教案.doc

.中考英语名词专题复习教案一、教学目标 1、名词的应用及各个环节变化。 2、掌握名词在试卷中的重要性。二、考查重点1. 可数名词与不可数名词2. 名词的单数与复数名词所有格3. 名词用法以及词义辨析三、两课时四、教学过程 专有名词：1.表示人名 如：Jim Kate Li Lei Miss Gao 2.表示地名:如: China USA England Beijing3.表示星期、月份等时间概念的名称，如： Sunday Monday Tuesday January February4.表示中外节日： 国际性节日:New Year May Day Childrens Day Womens Day 中国节日: Spring Festival Mid-autumn Day National Day西方节日: Christmas Day Easter(复活节）Fathers Day Mothers Day Saint Valentines Day(情人节)5. 机构或一些社会团体的名称，它们往往缩写,如: CCTV UN WTO PLA PRC UFO BBC SOS UN IT NBA IQ EQ PE RMB VIP .drink-coffee, milk,tea2.food-rice,bread,meatporridge, tofu,3.sugar,salt,pepper,butter4.weather-rain,snow,ice,cloud,wind5.cotton,silk,wool,mental,paper,wood,glass, plastic名词单数的表达一般可用a，an，one来修饰 注：a用于辅音音素开头的单词前,an用于元音音素开头的单词前*a book，* an English book，* an hour。名词的复数形式 1.规则变化 (1) 一般在复数名词后加“s”/s/or/z/ * dog dogs * book books (2) 以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词加“es”/iz/ *box boxes *watch watches (3)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加“es” /iz/ * country countries * factory factories 请区别：如果是元音字母加y 结尾的名词则只须加“s” * boy boys holiday-holidays * monkey monkeys (4) 以f、fe 结尾的名词,变f、fe 为v再加“es” /vz/ * half halves * shelf shelves * knife knives * leaf leaves 特殊:belief-beliefs特殊:roof-roofs(5) 以o结尾的名词,一般情况加s,读作/z/.potato，tomato，hero除外 * piano pianos * zoo zoos radio-radios bamboo-bamboos 2.不规则变化 (1)单复数同形Chinese Chinese fish fish Japanese Japanese sheepsheep (2)变元音字母oo为ee tooth teeth foot feet (3).变man为 men man men woman women policeman policemen Frenchman Frenchmen 请区别：German(德国人) Germans (“中日”不变“英法”变，其余s加后面)(4).常以复数形式出现的名词 people clothes shoes trousers glasses 这些名词作主语时，注意它们的谓语用复数 * My clothes are newer than yours.3.可数名词可以被a, an, one, two以及 how many，many，a few，few，any，lots of, a lot of ， some等修饰*There are a few people in the park.*How many knives are there in your pencil-box?1.Several _ are talking under the treeAnd they are talking about_. Awoman; children Bwoman; child Cwomen; children2. There are three in my family. A. people B. person C. child3. Some _ came to our school for a visit that day. A. Germans B. Germen C. Germany D. Germanies 4. In the picture there are many_ and two_. A. sheeps; knifes B. sheeps; knife C. sheep; knives D. sheep; knife 5. There are four_and two_in the group. A. Japanese，Germen B. Japaneses，Germen C. Japanese，German D. Japanese，Germans不可数名词 物质名词和抽象名词属于不可数名词如: water，rice，fish，meat 等。 work chalk time space music money weather homework wood information news medicine1.单个的不可数名词作主语时谓语动词用单数 *Some bread is over there. *No news is good news.2.不可数名词不能直接被a, an, one, two等修饰，常用how much, much, a little, little, a lot of, lots of, some, any，plenty of 等修饰 *They had much money. *He does little housework at home. * a rice (X) two bread (X)巩固练习: (1)一茶杯茶 （2）一块冰 （3）两公斤肉 （4）五瓶橘汁 （5）半公斤鸡肉 （6）许多瓶牛奶4.有些可数名词或不可数名词在一定情况下可相互转化，同一个词，但意思不同 glass(玻璃) a glass(玻璃杯) work(工作) a work(著作) time(时间) times(次数)1. Please give me _ paper. A. one B. a pieces C. a pieceD. a piece of2. This table is made of_. A. many glass B. some glasses C. glasses D. glass3. What can I do for you, sir? Id like two_. A.bottle of milk B.bottles of milks C.bottles of milk D.bottle of milks4. We can do the work better with_money and _ people. A. less, fewer B. fewer, less C. little, little D. few, few 1. 当people, class, family, team, group, public, police 等集体名词做主语时，如果看成一个整体，动词就用单数；看成一个个具体成员时，就用复数。2. e.g The class are waiting for her. 3. Toms family _ rather big. Toms family _ film fans.4.news, maths, politics 表示单数意义，动词用单数。 e.g The news makes her very happy. Maths _ not easy for him.名词所有格表示名词间的所有关系“ 的”一.名词所有格的构成方法 1.一般情况下，在有生命的名词后加“s” Kangkangs father Lucys book 2.以s结尾的复数名词,则在s后加“ ”即可 Teachers office The Greens house3.不以s结尾的复数名词的所有格,仍按惯例加“s” * Children s Day * men s shoes 4.无生命名词的所有关系用of *a picture of the classroom加名词，构成所属关系的短语 *the color of the wall 双重所有格1. June 1st is _Day. All the Children enjoy it very much. A. Children B. Childrens C. Childrens D. Child2. The two bedroom are the _. A. twins B. twins C .twins D. twins5.如果事物为 2人或2人以上共同所有，在最后一个名词后加-s; 6.如果事物不是 2人或2人共同所有，而是分别有的,则在 2个名词 后都加-s6. Lucy is _ sister. A. Mary and Jack B. Marys and Jacks C. Mary and Jacks D. Mary and Jacks7. 有些表示时间、距离、国家、城市、团体的等无生 命的东西，也可以加 -s 构成所有格 重难点突破 8. Its _from our school to my home.A. ten minutes walk B. ten minutes walkC. ten minute walk D. ten minutes walk1 广东的省会the capital of Guangdong 2 教室的门the doors of the classroom3 我父亲的一个朋友a friend of my fathers 4 他的两个兄弟two brothers of his5 爱迪生的一些发明some inventions of Edisons 6 他弟弟的一张照片(照片属于他弟弟) a picture of his brothers7 他弟弟的一张照片(照片里的人是他弟弟) a picture of his brother名词的用法 1.修饰另一名词时,一般用单数 * There are three banana trees over there. 2. man woman用做定语时,应与后面的名词保持数的一致 *We need a man teacher. *They are all women workers. 3.sports,clothes做定语时,仍用复数形式 *a sports star *a clothes shop小组讨论以下练习的答案并说明其原因 1. Our hospital needs two_doctors, Mrs. Li. You can ask your son to have a try. A. women B. man C.woman D. men小组讨论以下练习的答案并说明其原因 1. Our hospital needs two_doctors, Mrs. Li. You can ask your son to have a try. A. women B. man C.woman D. men名词所有格的几个注意点 可用名词所有格表示地点, 地点名词习惯上省略 * my aunts ( home） (我姑姑家） * go to the teachers ( office） (去老师办公室）1 . Could you please get me some _? Im hungry. A. appleB. water C. bread D. egg2. Something is wrong with my_. I cant see anything around me. A. nose B. ears C. eyes D. mouth3. Mr. White has a beautiful garden with many _ in it. A. flowers B. grass C. villages D. water4. - How far is your cousins home from here? - Its about two