大学英语4辅导资料十三.doc

大连理工大学网络教育学院大学英语4辅导资料十三主 题：对Unit 9的语法点形容词、副词比较等级的讲解学习时间：2014年6月23日6月29日内 容：1. 形容词、副词的级（本课难点）形容词、副词的级的构成 1) -er和-est型单音节形容词和部分双音节词在词尾加-er和-est构成比较级和最高级。例如：原级比较级最高级brightbrighterbrightestnarrownarrowernarrowestthinthinnerthinnest（双写n）simplesimplersimplest（直接加r或st）prettyprettierprettiest（先变y为i）2) more和most型多音节词在原级前加more和most构成比较级和最高级。例如：原级比较级最高级beautifulmore beautifulmost beautifulimportantmore importantmost important3) 变化不规则的比较级和最高级原级比较级最高级littleless 比较少的lesser 次要的leastoldolderelderoldesteldestfarfartherfurtherfarthestfurthestbad/badlyill(evil)worseworseworstworstgood/wellbetterbestmany/muchmore most2. 形容词和副词的应用1) 同等程度比较：as + 原级 + as e.g. Tom is as bright as Mark. 汤姆和马克一样聪明。2) 不同程度的比较：比较级 + than e.g. Tom is taller than Mark. 汤姆比马克高。 This handbag is more beautiful than that one. 这个手提包比那个漂亮。not as/so + 原级 + as e.g. Tom is not as/so bright as Mark. 汤姆不如马克聪明。用表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时，放在as的前面。e.g. This room is twice as big as that one. 这间屋子是那间的两倍大。 Your room is the same size as mine. 你的屋子和我的一样大。no more than和not more than no more than 意为“不过是，仅，只” e.g. We have no more than 20 computers. 我们仅有二十台电脑。 A flag is no more than a sign. 旗帜不过是一种标志。 not more than 意为“至多，不超过” e.g. We have not more than 20 computers. 我们最多有二十台电脑。 3) 最高级用法： the +最高级+比较范围 e.g. The Sahara Desert is the biggest desert in the world. 撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的沙漠。 Shanghai is one of the worlds largest cities. 上海是世界上最大的城市之一。 She is the most beautiful among the five girls. 她是这五个女孩中最漂亮的。4) 对比与比较： the +比较级, the +比较级 越就越 e.g. The older I get, the happier I am. 我越变老，越觉得幸福。 The more he read the novel, the more excited he became. 这本小说他越读越兴奋。 比较级+ and +比较级 e.g. Jane became more and more beautiful. 珍妮越来越漂亮了。 5) 可修饰比较级的词 a bit, a little, much, far, a lot, any等 e.g. The experiment was much easier than we had expected. 实验比我们预想的简单多了。 The rent is much / far / a lot more expensive. 租金贵多了。形容词、副词的级的练习1. Your box is mine. A. four times as big as B. four times as bigger as C. as four times big D. as big as four times解析：A。在as . as句型中，如有表示程度的状语（如 twice, three times），则置第一个as之前，表示前者是后者的几倍。2. Todays weather is _ worse than yesterdays. A. very B. much C. very muchD. much too解析：B。very用来修饰形容词的原级形式；much修饰比较级；very much一般用来修饰动词； much too常用来修饰形容词的原级形式。3. Did the medicine make you feel better? No. The more _, _ I feel. A. medicine I take; and the worse B. medicine I take; the worse C. I take medicine; the worse D. I take medicine; worse解析：B。 本题是“越越”句型，要用“the + 比较级，the + 比较级”句型，前后分句都用陈述语气。4. What will you buy for your boyfriends birthday? I want to buy a _ wallet for him. A. black leather small B. small black leather C. small leather black D. black small leather解析：B。根据多个形容词作定语次序排列规律，应该是small（大小）+black（颜色）+leather（质地）。统考例题讲解1 .He is very old, _ he still works very hard. A. but B. if C. when D. as解析：A。but表示转折，本句的意思是“他年纪很大，但他仍然努力工作”。2. Although, its raining, _ are still working in the fields.A. they B. but they C. and theyD. so they解析：A。although意为“尽管”，不能与but连用。练习题（重点练习）1. You wont know the value of the health _ you lose it.A. until B. after C. when D. because2. Study hard, _ you will pass the exam.A. so B. for C. but D. and3. He ran _ fast _ he won the race.A. enough . to B. so . that C. too . to D. both . and4. He is only ten months. He can _ read _ write.A. either . orB. neither . norC.