新世纪大学英语综合教材6复习资料.doc

Unit One Teaching in Your Pajamas：Lessons of Online Class穿着睡衣讲课：网络课程经验谈1. 精心打扮dress upOne of my favorite parts of college teaching is dressing up and putting on a good show. 对我来说，在大学讲课有一点让我很喜欢，就是精心打扮然后呈上一场精彩的表演。2. 配上相应的饰物coordinate accessoriesI plan my outfits, apply makeup, coordinate accessories, even rework my lecture cue cards. 我会换一身得体的套装、化好妆、配上相应的饰品，甚至把上课用的提示卡都会重新修订一番。3. 上课用的提示卡 lecture cue cardsI plan my outfits, apply makeup, coordinate accessories, even rework my lecture cue cards.我会换一身得体的套装、化好妆、配上相应的饰品，甚至把上课用的提示卡都会重新修订一番。4. 教学媒体 instructional mediumI had questions about the validity of this instructional medium. 我质疑这种教学方式的有效性5. 注册课程 register for the courseHow would I know that the student submitting the work was the one registered for the course? 我怎么会知道提交作业的学生就是注册的哪位呢？6. 讲授课程内容 deliver the subject matterTeaching online also required rethinking how I deliver the subject matter. 网络教学也要求我重新思考讲授课程内容的方式。7. 幽默感 sense of humorMy student reviews had always been extremely positive, usually mentioning my enthusiasm, sense of humor and ability to convey the subject in an easy-to-understand way. 学对我的评价一直都极其肯定，通常会提到我的热情，幽默感及用通俗易懂的语言讲授课程的能力。8. 以通俗易懂的方式 in an easy-to-understand wayMy student reviews had always been extremely positive, usually mentioning my enthusiasm, sense of humor and ability to convey the subject in an easy-to-understand way.学对我的评价一直都极其肯定，通常会提到我的热情，幽默感及用通俗易懂的语言讲授课程的能力。9. 考虑教学方面的问题 weigh the pedagogical issuesWhile I weighed the philosophical and pedagogical issues, my daughter took two online courses. 我还在考虑哲学与教学方面的问题呢，女儿则选了两门网络课程。10. 全心投入讨论 dive into discussionsShe had always been a very shy student who never spoke in class. But in these online courses, she dived into discussions, posted her opinions and generally felt more free to participate than she ever had before. 她一向是个非常腼腆的学生，从来不在课堂上发言。但在这些网络课程中，她全心投入讨论，发表意见，总的说来比以往任何时候都更能放开参与。11. 更放开的去做某事 feel more free toshe dived into discussions, posted her opinions and generally felt more free to participate than she ever had before. 她全心投入讨论，发表意见，总的说来比以往任何时候都更能放开参与。12. 通过计算机教学 deliver instruction via computerI also took a brief course for online teachers from our university and learned that many of them were also shy and felt more comfortable delivering instruction via computer. 我也选了一门为我们学校的网络教师开设的短训课程，得知很多同事也很腼腆，通过计算机教学他们感受更得心应手。13. 计划去be scheduled to Since I was scheduled to teach environmental science in summer school, it seemed like the perfect time to write the lectures for the online course in the fall. My plan: On the day I had to deliver a traditional lecture, Id just type it up in the morning, cut the grass, then teach the class in the evening. 因为要在暑假学校讲授环境科学课，趁这机会为秋季的网络课程备课看来再合适不过了。我的计划是这样的：在上传统课的那天，早上备课，修整草坪，然后晚上去教课。14. 环境问题 environmental issuesThey wrote their biographies and summarized news articles about environmental issues他们写传记，综述与环境问题相关的新闻报道。15. 坦白交待 confess toThey answered questions about their own contributions to environmental problems, sometimes confessing to astonishing personal habits. They commented on other students submissions. 他们回到有关自己对于环境方面所作贡献的问题，有时还坦白交代一些令人吃惊的个人习惯。他们也点评其他学生的帖子。16. 点评 commented onThey commented on other students submissions. 他们也点评其他学生的帖子。17. 讨论板 discussion boardThe discussion board was lively, with submissions posted at all hours. 讨论版很热闹，任何时段都有人发帖。18. 发帖post submissions / send postingsThe discussion board was lively, with submissions posted at all hours. 讨论版很热闹，任何时段都有人发帖。19. 解决问题resolve the questionsshe sent me an e-mail message and we resolved the questions. 要是有学生想私下讨论下，就发电子邮件给我，我们一起解决问题。20. 接受邀请 take up the offerWhen I invited my students to post photographs of themselves, only one took up the offer, entering a picture of the sunset over the bay near her house in Florida. 我请学生把自己的照片贴出来，结果只有一个学生接受了邀请，而且上次的是一张在弗罗里达她家附近的海湾日落图片。21. 落后fall behindSome students fell behind, tried to catch up, then drifted away. 有些学生落后了，尝试着跟上进度，然后不来了。22. 退出，不见了drift awaySome students fell behind, tried to catch up, then drifted away. 有些学生落后了，尝试着跟上进度，然后不来了。23. 将融会贯通到实际生活integrate into the lifeTests and required postings confirm that the students learn the material and integrate it into their lives. 测验和要求的发帖进一步确保学生学习相关的材料，并将其融会贯通到实际生活中。24. 发帖提醒 post an alertThey were quick to post an alert when an environmental problem became news, and many were outraged by environmental decisions made by the government while the course was under way. 如果一个环境问题成为新闻，他们会很快发帖提醒，在学习这门课程的过程，很多人会对政府的环境决策非常愤怒。25. 正在进行中 be under wayThey were quick to post an alert when an environmental problem became news, and many were outraged by environmental decisions made by the government while the course was under way. 如果一个环境问题成为新闻，他们会很快发帖提醒，在学习这门课程的过程，很多人会对政府的环境决策非常愤怒。26. 不可缺少的学习因素 an integral element of learningI found that for online education, interaction with the teacher, with other students is a more integral element of learning than it is in the classroom.我发现，与课堂教学相比，在网络教育中，互动（师生互动、生生互动）是一个更不可缺少的学习因素。Unit Two neat people vs. sloppy people 整洁人与邋遢人1. 琢磨出区别figure out the differenceIve finally figured out the difference between neat people and sloppy people. 我终于琢磨出了整洁人与邋遢人的区别2. 抱有一个天国美景的幻想 carry a heavenly visionSloppy people carry in their minds eye a heavenly vision, a precise plan that is so stupendous, so perfect, it cant be achieved in this world or the next. 邋遢人心目中有一副天国美景，有一个周密计划，其宏伟完美，今生今世都无法实现。3. 在想象中 in ones minds eye Sloppy people carry in their minds eye a heavenly vision, a precise plan that is so stupendous, so perfect, it cant be achieved in this world or the next. 邋遢人心目中有一副天国美景，有一个周密计划，其宏伟完美，今生今世都无法实现。4. 理想王国Never-Never LandSloppy people live in Never-Never Land邋遢人生活在理想王国里。5. 把书按字母顺序排好alphabetize booksSomeday they are planning to alphabetize all their books and set up home catalogs. 有朝一日，他们打算把所有的书按字母顺序编排好，建立家庭图书目录。6. 建立家庭图书目录set up home catalogsSomeday they are planning to alphabetize all their books and set up home catalogs. 有朝一日，他们打算把所有的书按字母顺序编排好，建立家庭图书目录。7. 把衣柜翻个遍go through wardrobesSomeday they will go through their wardrobes and mark certain items for tentative mending and certain items for passing on to relatives of similar shape and size. 有朝一日。他们要把自己的衣服翻个遍，有的标明要试着修补，有的标明要送给体型身高相似的亲戚。8. 送给pass on toSomeday they will go through their wardrobes and mark certain items for tentative mending and certain items for passing on to relatives of similar shape and size. 有朝一日。他们要把自己的衣服翻个遍，有的标明要试着修补，有的标明要送给体型身高相似的亲戚。9. 制作家庭剪贴簿make family scrapbooksSomeday sloppy people will make family scrapbooks into which they will put newspaper clippings, postcards, locks of hair, and the dried corsage from their senior prom.有朝一日，邋遢人要制作家庭剪贴簿，把剪报、明信片、小缕的头发以及早已枯萎的高中毕业舞会上用过的装饰花放在里面。10. 剪报 newspaper clippingsSomeday sloppy people will make family scrapbooks into which they will put newspaper clippings, postcards, locks of hair, and the dried corsage from their senior prom.有朝一日，邋遢人要制作家庭剪贴簿，把剪报、明信片、小缕的头发以及早已枯萎的高中毕业舞会上用过的装饰花放在里面。11. 小缕的头发locks of hairSomeday sloppy people will make family scrapbooks into which they will put newspaper clippings, postcards, locks of hair, and the dried corsage from their senior prom.有朝一日，邋遢人要制作家庭剪贴簿，把剪报、明信片、小缕的头发以及早已枯萎的高中毕业舞会上用过的装饰花放在里面。12. 把一切弄得井井有条straighten out the worldThey aim too high and wide. They save everything, planning someday to file, order, and straighten out the world. 他们把目标定的太高太远。什么东西都留下来，等哪天去整理。归档，把一切搞得井井有条。13. 逐渐成形take clearer and clearer shapeBut while these ambitious plans take clearer and clearer shape in their heads, the books spill from the shelves onto the floor, 然而，就在这些宏伟的计划在心里渐渐形成的时候，书从书架上散落到地上，14. 堆积pile upthe clothes pile up in the hamper and closet, the family mementos accumulate in every drawer,衣服堆在衣篮和衣柜里，纪念品挤满了所有抽屉15. 眼看要顶到天花板threaten to reach the ceilingthe surface of the desk is buried under mounds of paper, and the unread magazines threaten to reach the ceiling. 桌面被一堆堆的材料所埋没，没读过的杂志眼看就要顶到天花板了。16. 丢弃part withSloppy people cant bear to part with anything. 邋遢人什么东西都舍不得丢掉，对每样小东西都温情脉脉。17. 对温情脉脉give loving attention toThey give loving attention to every detail. 邋遢人什么东西都舍不得丢掉，对每样小东西都温情脉脉。18. 把桌子清理得一干二净bulldoze the deskA neat person would just bulldoze the desk. 整洁人则会三下两下把桌面的东西清除的一干二净。19. 心底里，本质上 at heartpeople are bums and clods at heart. They have cavalier attitudes toward possessions, including family heirlooms. 整洁人实际上都是些懒汉和笨蛋，他们对财务漫不经心，哪怕是传家宝也毫不在意。20. 不认真考虑toy with the idea ofNeat people will toy with the idea of throwing the children out of the house just to cut down on the clutter. 整洁人甚至还会考虑把孩子扔出去，只为家里少几分凌乱。21. 减少cut down onNeat people will toy with the idea of throwing the children out of the house just to cut down on the clutter. 整洁人甚至还会考虑把孩子扔出去，只为家里少几分凌乱。22. 把所有事情做完 get the whole thing over withWhat they want to do is get the whole thing over with so they can sit down and watch the rasslin on TV. 他们想做的，就是把什么事情做完，好坐下来看电视里面的摔跤比赛。23. 雷打不动的原则unvarying principlesNeat people operate on two unvarying principles: Never handle any item twice, and throw everything away. 整洁人有两条雷打不动的原则：任何东西绝不处理第二次；把东西都扔掉。24. 对心狠手辣be vicious withNeat people are especially vicious with mail. 整洁人对信件尤其心狠手辣。25. 慈善捐款charitable contributionsAll ads, catalogs, pleas for charitable contributions, church bulletins, and money-saving coupons go straight into the trash can without being opened.所有的广告、目录、恳求慈善捐款、教堂公告、优惠券、不需要拆封就直接扔进垃圾箱。26. 直接扔进垃圾桶go straight into the trash canAll ads, catalogs, pleas for charitable contributions, church bulletins, and money-saving coupons go straight into the trash can without being opened.所有的广告、目录、恳求慈善捐款、教堂公告、优惠券、不需要拆封就直接扔进垃圾箱。27. 把（污垢等）冲洗干净 rinse sth. OffThey wouldnt consider clipping a coupon, saving a leftover, reusing plastic nondairy whipped cream containers, or rinsing off tin foil and draping it over the unmoldy dish drainer. 他们从来不屑剪下优惠券，用剩下的东西绝不留着，盛装非乳制掼奶油用的塑料盒是从来不重复使用的，也不会把锡纸冲洗干净，搭在没有发霉的餐具滤干器上。28. 大肆破坏cut a clean swath throughNeat people cut a clean swath through the organic as well as the inorganic world. 有机物也好，无机物也罢，整洁人都夷平了事。29. 用完 finish withAfter theyve finished with the pantry, the medicine cabinet, and the attic,他们清理完食品室、药柜和阁楼后30. 寄宿学校 boarding schoolthey will throw out the red geranium (too many leaves), sell the dog (too many fleas), and send the children off to boarding school (too many scuff-marks on the hardwood floors). 他们就会扔掉红花天竺葵（嫌叶子太多），卖掉狗（嫌跳蚤太多），把孩子打发到寄宿学校（嫌他们在硬木板上留下太多的瘢痕）。Unit Three MY Daughter smokes 家有吸烟女1. 在近旁 close at handI am looking at the half-empty package of Camels tossed carelessly close at hand. 我则看着她随意扔在身旁的半包骆驼牌香烟2. 硬起心肠 harden myself against When she smoked Marlboros and Players, I hardened myself against feeling so bad; 她抽“万宝路”和“运动员”牌时，我硬起心肠，不让自己感到难过3. 眼睛炯炯有神 with eyes like lanterns But before he smoked “ready-mades” when he was very young and very poor, with eyes like lanterns he smoked Prince Albert tobacco in cigarettes he rolled himself. 不过，在他开始抽机制卷烟之前-那时他很年轻，也很穷，但眼睛炯炯有神他是用阿尔伯特亲王牌烟丝自己卷烟抽的。4. 联手 couple with The tobacco industry, coupled with Hollywood movies in which both hero and heroine smoked like chimneys, won over completely people like my father, who were hopelessly addicted to cigarettes. 烟草业联手好莱坞电影影片中的男女主角都是大烟枪把像我父亲那样的人完完全全争取了过去，使他们无药可救地染上了烟瘾。5. 大烟枪 smoke like chimneysThe tobacco industry, coupled with Hollywood movies in which both hero and heroine smoked like chimneys, won over completely people like my father, who were hopelessly addicted to cigarettes. 烟草业联手好莱坞电影影片中的男女主角都是大烟枪把像我父亲那样的人完完全全争取了过去，使他们无药可救地染上了烟瘾。6. 把完全争取了过去 completely win over The tobacco industry, coupled with Hollywood movies in which both hero and heroine smoked like chimneys, won over completely people like my father, who were hopelessly addicted to cigarettes. 烟草业联手好莱坞电影影片中的男女主角都是大烟枪把像我父亲那样的人完完全全争取了过去，使他们无药可救地染上了烟瘾。7. 看上去像那样时髦 look as dapper as He never looked as dapper as Prince Albert, though; 不过，我父亲从来没有看上去像阿尔伯特亲王那样时髦；8. 对说出内心的疑惑 wonder aloud toI wondered aloud once to my sister who is perennially trying to quit whether our father realized this. I wondered how she, a smoker since high school, viewed her own habit. 我有一次对我姐姐说出了我内心的疑惑-她永远都在尝试戒烟问她父亲是不是知道这一点。我想知道，从高中开始就跻身烟民的她，是如何看待自己的习惯的。9. 对而言是个习惯 it is ritual with I gave up smoking, gladly. Because it was ritual with my buddies Mural, Leon, and “Dog” Farley I continued to drink wine. 我戒烟了，心甘情愿。因为和那帮哥们儿繆拉尔、利昂还是“狗子”法利一起喝习惯了，我继续喝酒。10. 把他折磨得虚弱不堪 leave him lowMy father died from “the poor mans friend,” pneumonia, one hard winter when his bronchitis and emphysema had left him low. 我父亲死于被称为“穷人之友”的疾病肺炎，他死在一个严冬，那时支气管炎和肺气肿已把他折磨的虚弱不堪。11. 强壮、自信的男人 the tough, “take-charge” manThere are large billboards directed at them both: the tough, “take-charge,” or dapper older man, the glamorous, “worldly” young woman, both puffing away. 到处都有针对他们这两类人的巨大广告牌；强壮、自信或时髦、年龄较大的男人，以及漂亮、“世故”的年轻女人，都在吞云吐雾。12. 漂亮、“世故”的年轻女人 glamorous, “worldly” young womanhere are large billboards directed at them both: the tough, “take-charge,” or dapper older man, the glamorous, “worldly” young woman, both puffing away. 到处都有针对他们这两类人的巨大广告牌；强壮、自信或时髦、年龄较大的男人，以及漂亮、“世故”的年轻女人，都在吞云吐雾。13. 吞云吐雾 puff awayhere are large billboards directed at them both: the tough, “take-charge,” or dapper older man, the glamorous, “worldly” young woman, both puffing away. 到处都有针对他们这两类人的巨大广告牌；强壮、自信或时髦、年龄较大的男人，以及漂亮、“世故”的年轻女人，都在吞云吐雾。14. 对她而言并不乐观 something is against her My daughter would like to quit, she says. We both know the statistics are against her; most people who try to quit smoking do not succeed.我女儿想戒烟，她说。我们都知道统计数据对她而言并不乐观，绝大多数尝试戒烟的人都以失败告终。15. 无能为力的感觉 a feeling of futility There is a deep hurt that I feel as a mother. Some days it is a feeling of futility. 作为一个母亲，我感到切肤之痛。有时那是一种无能为力的感觉。16. 广泛的单一种植 intensive mono-croppingAnd though the plant as most of us know it has been poisoned by chemicals and denatured by intensive mono-cropping and is therefore hardly the plant it was, still, to some modern Indians it remains a plant of positive power. 虽然由于受化学物质的毒害以及广泛的单一种植而导致其性质改变，我们绝大多数人今天所知的烟草已不再是昔日的同一种植物了，但对一些现代的印第安人而言它仍然是一种具有积极效用的植物。17. 性质改变 is denatured byAnd though the plant as most of us know it has been poisoned by chemicals and denatured by intensive mono-cropping and is therefore hardly the plant it was, still, to some modern Indians it remains a plant of positive power. 虽然由于受化学物质的毒害以及广泛的单一种植而导致其性质改变，我们绝大多数人今天所知的烟草已不再是昔日的同一种植物了，但对一些现代的印第安人而言它仍然是一种具有积极效用的植物。18. 一种具有积极效用的植物 a plant of positive powerAnd though the plant as most of us know it has been poisoned by chemicals and denatured by intensive mono-cropping and is therefore hardly the plant it was, still, to some modern Indians it remains a plant of positive power. 虽然由于受化学物质的毒害以及广泛的单一种植而导致其性质改变，我们绝大多数人今天所知的烟草已不再是昔日的同一种植物了，但对一些现代的印第安人而言它仍然是一种具有积极效用的植物。19. 剥夺了它的自由和同类 keeping it from freedom and its kinPerhaps we can liberate tobacco from those who have captured and abused it, enslaving the plant on large plantations, keeping it from freedom and its kin, and forcing it to enslave the world. 也许我们可以将烟草从那些俘获并滥用它的人们手中解救出来，那些人将这植物奴役与大型种植园里，剥夺它的自由，使它与同类不得相见，并迫使它去奴役整个世界。20. 解救灵魂 redeem the soulMaybe by sowing a few seeds of tobacco in our gardens and treating the plant with the reverence it deserves, we can redeem tobaccos soul and restore its self-respect.也许，在花园里撒下几颗烟草种子，给这植物以它应得的尊敬，我们就可以解救烟草的灵魂，重塑它的自尊。21. 重塑自尊 restore the self-respectMaybe by sowing a few seeds of tobacco in our gardens and treating the plant with the reverence it deserves, we can redeem tobaccos soul and restore its self-respect.也许，在花园里撒下几颗烟草种子，给这植物以它应得的尊敬，我们就可以解救烟草的灵魂，重塑它的自尊。22. 一种自我毁灭 a form of self-batteringSmoking is a form of self-battering that also batters those who must sit by, occasionally cajole or complain, and helplessly watch.抽烟是一种自我毁灭，而且也毁灭着那些不得不坐在你身边的人。那些人偶尔会劝诫或抱怨，但往往只能无奈地看着。 Unit Four Why Marriage Fail 婚姻为什么失败1. 以离婚告终end in divorceThese days so many marriages end in divorce that our most sacred vows no longer ring with truth. 如今这么多的婚姻以离婚告终，我们最为神圣的誓言也不再真实。2. 不再真实no longer ring with truthThese days so many marriages end in divorce that our most sacred vows no longer ring with truth. 如今这么多的婚姻以离婚告终，我们最为神圣的誓言也不再真实。3. 在单亲家庭中长大 grow up in single-parent homesHowcould we have created a society in which 42 percent of our children will grow up in single-parent homes? 我们怎么竟制造了这样一个社会，其中42%的孩子要在单身家庭中长大？4. 无法用数字表达beyond quantifyingIf statistics could only measure loneliness, regret, pain, loss of self-confidence and fear of future, the numbers would be beyond quantifying.假如数据可以衡量孤独、遗憾、痛苦、自信的丧失以及对未来的恐惧，那么这些数目将会大得无法用数字表达。5. 心理快乐与痛苦 psychological happiness and miseryEach of us falls in love with a mate who has qualities of our parents, who will help us rediscover both the psychological happiness and miseries of our past lives. 每个人都会爱上一个有我们父母特点的伴侣，那个人能帮助我们重新发现以往生活中所经历的心理快乐与痛苦。6. 把赌光 gamble away A man may choose a woman who doesnt like kids just like his mother or who gambles away the family savings just like his mother. 一个男人也可能会选择