Chapter3+other+word-ation+categories.ppt

Chapter3OtherWord formationCategories Abbreviation bri vi ei n 缩略法 Back formation逆生构词法 Onomatopoeia拟声法 Abbreviation缩略法 Clippingword截短词Initialism i ni liz m 首字母连写词Acronym kr n m 首字母缩写词Blend拼缀词 ClippingWord A wordclippingClippingthefront backorboth eg telephone phone advertisement adrefrigerator fridgeB payattentionto phraseclippingeg Daily dailypaper weekly weeklypaper finals finalexaminations pop popularmusic Initialisms Nitialisms 首字母连写词 arewordsformedfrominitiallettersandpronouncedletterbyletter 利用词的第一个字母代表一个词组的缩略词 组成后的词一个字母接着一个字母发音读 Examples UN UnitedNationsIOC InternationalOlympicCommitteeUFO UnidentifiedFlyingObject Acronyms Acronyms 首字母缩写 Wordsformedfrominitiallettersbutpronouncedasanormalword 把首字母组成的缩略词拼成一个词 组成后的词按正常单词的发音读 Examples AIDS艾滋病 acquiredimmunedeficiencysyndromeRadar雷达 radiodetectingandrangingTOEFL托福 TestofEnglishasaForeignLanguage 1 Canyouworkoutwhatthefollowingreferto IMF C O H bombIMF InternationalMonetaryFund 国际货币基金组织 C O careof 由 转交 H bomb氢弹 hydrogenbomb2 writedowntheinitialismsfortheChinesewords 石油输出国组织 OrganizationofPetroleumExportingCountries OPEC 美联社 AssociatedPress AP 国际标准书号 InternationalStandardBookNumber ISBN 7 Blending Blending 拼缀词 Thiscombiningoftwoseparateformstoproduceasinglenewtermisalsopresentintheprocess Fourmajorgroups 1 head tail 头加尾 2 head head 头加头 3 head word 头加单词 4 word tail 单词加尾 head tail Motel旅馆 motor hotelSlurb市郊贫民区 slum suburbChunnel英法海峡隧道 channel tunnel head head Comsat通讯卫星 communication satelliteSitcom情景喜剧 situation comedy head word Medicare医疗保险 medical careEurasia欧亚大陆 Europe Asia word tail Lunarnaut登月宇航员 lunar astronautBookmobile流动图书馆 book automobileWorkfare工作福利制 work welfare Back formation Itreferstotheprocessofcreatinganewwordbyremovingarealorsupposedaffixfromanotherword 把一个语言中已经存在的较长的单词删去一个词缀 由此造成一个较短的单词Examples Television televiseDestruction destructBeggar beg 一般是把假定的后缀去掉 2020 3 14 onomatopoeia Onomatopoeiaistheimitationofnaturalsoundsinwordform Thesewordshelpusformmentalpicturesaboutthethings people orplacesthataredescribed Sometimesthewordnamesathingoractionbycopyingthesound 拟声法它是指用词语模拟客观事物的声音 以增强讲话或文字的实际音感 onomatopoeia Using sound words Bang Crunch 铃声的叮叮声 tinkling老鼠发出的吱吱声 squeaking肚子饿发出的咕噜声 rumbling机器发出刺耳的摩擦声 grinding Waysofwordformation derivation 派生法 compound