文登英语 六级预测翻译(10篇).pdf

Part IV Translation 30 minutes Directions For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2 1 中医是中国辉煌的传统文化之一 它是一门涉及人体生理 physiology 病理 pathology 诊断 治疗和 疾病预防的科学 中医有着几千年的历史 它的起源可追溯至远古时代 在长期与疾病的斗争中 中医演变并形 成了一套独特且完整的理论体系 2 000多年前出现的 黄帝内经 Huangdi s Classic on Medicine 是中国现存 的最早医学名著 秦汉时期的 神农本草 Shen Nong s Herbal 是中国最早的药物学专著 明朝著名的内科医 生及药师李时珍撰写了 本草纲目 The Compendium of Materia Medica 这些著作对中国乃至全世界医药学 的发展作出了巨大的贡献 Traditional Chinese medicine one of China s splendid cultural heritages is the science dealing with human physiology pathology diagnosis treatment and prevention of diseases Traditional Chinese medicine has a history of several thousand years Its origin can be traced back to remote antiquity In a long course of struggling against diseases traditional Chinese medicine evolved into a unique and integrated theoretical system More than 2 000 years ago Huangdi s Classic on Medicine which is the earliest extant medical classic in China came out Shen Nong s Herbal during the Qin and the Han dynasties is the earliest book on pharmacology in China Li Shizhen a famous physician and pharmacologist in the Ming dynasty wrote The Compendium of Materia Medica These books are great contributions to the development of pharmacology both in China and all over the world 2 中国的 面子 The concept of face can be described as someone s social status or reputation in the eyes of others Throughout a Chinese person s life it must be maintained and enhanced by both words and actions Guanxi literally means face 是指某个人在他人眼中的社会地位和名声 中国人的一生都必须用语言和行动相 互维护和提升面子 中国的 关系 Guanxi 本质上就是个人利益的联系 互相帮忙 互相恩惠 和西方 社会的人际网络类似 家人 朋友和商业伙伴的关系经常紧密交织 中国的中庸之道 the Doctrine of the Mean 是指个人保持跟群体的一致与和谐 中国人最理想的生活状态就是既中庸又能实现个人目标 工作中也是如 此 员工要做到既不野心勃勃 又不懒惰懈怠 connections or relationship for personal interests You scratch my back I ll scratch yours It can be compared with the idea of networking in the West Relationships between family friends and business associates are often closely interwoven Known as the Doctrine of the Mean this concept involves balancing one s position among a group to maintain conformity and a sense of harmony To do this while still achieving one s personal objectives is considered by the Chinese people the ideal way of living This can be applied to the workplace where one should behave in a way which is seen to be neither ambitious nor lazy at the same time 3 中国画 traditional Chinese painting 是用毛笔 墨及颜料 pigment 在宣纸 Xuan paper 或 绢 silk 上画出的画 中国画与中医 京剧一起 被誉为中国的 三大国粹 three quintessence of Chinese culture 中国画按内容主要分为人物画 山水画 花鸟画三大类 战国时 中国已经有了比较成熟的人物画 唐朝时 达到了顶峰 山水画是表现山川美景的画种 花鸟画画的是自然界中的花卉 鸟兽 鱼虫 中国画是诗 书 calligraphy 画 印 seal carving 相结合的艺术 因此 它不仅能美化人们的生活 而且能给人们带来 高雅的情趣和艺术的享受 Traditional Chinese painting is the art of painting on a piece of Xuan paper or silk with a Chinese brush that was soaked with black ink or coloured pigments It is regarded as one of the three quintessence of Chinese culture the other two being traditional Chinese medicine and Peking Opera By subject traditional Chinese painting can be classified into three types figure painting landscape painting and flowers and birds painting Figure painting came into maturity as early as the Warring States Period and reached its peak during the Tang Dynasty Landscape painting delineates the outside scenery Flowers and birds painting concentrates on the drawing of flowers birds animals fishes and insects etc Traditional Chinese painting is an art form combining poetry calligraphy painting and seal carving Thus traditional Chinese painting not only beautifies people s life but also brings decorous sentiment and artistic enjoyment for people 4 风水 Fengshui 是中国建筑中的一个特殊的传统 是古人对空间的布置与安排方法 其目的是为了体 现建筑与环境的和谐共存 风水的字面意思就是 风和水 风水通常将选址 设计 建筑直到内部和外部装 修的整个过程联系在一起 它将天 地 人三者融为一体 并且在所选的地址 方位 自然法则和人之间寻 求和谐 它反对人对自然的破坏 强调人与环境的共处 这种状态被称为是完美的 神秘的 Fengshui a special Chinese tradition in architecture is the ancient Chinese practice of placement and arrangement of space to achieve coexistence in harmony with the environment Fengshui is literally translated as wind and water It usually links the whole process from site selection designing construction to interior and exterior decoration It combines the trinity of the Heaven the Earth and humans and seeks harmony among selected site orientation natural doctrine and humans It repulses human destruction of nature and stresses cohabitation with the environment which is regarded as perfect and mysterious 5 秦始皇是中国历史上一位很有作为的皇帝 他生前动用了大量人力 物力为自己修造陵墓 秦陵兵马俑 Terracotta Warriors and Horses 就是为陪葬这位皇帝而制作的陶兵和陶马 秦始皇陵兵马俑被发现于1974 年 三个兵马俑坑 terracotta figurines pits 占地约20 000多平方米 8 000多个与真人真马一般大小的陶俑陶 马 排列成整齐的方阵 再现了秦始皇统一中国时兵强马壮的雄伟军阵 秦始皇陵兵马俑被称作世界第八大 奇迹 The first emperor of the Qin Dynasty known as Qing Shi Huang made great achievements in Chinese history While still alive he mobilized huge manpower and used a great deal of materials to build his tomb The Terracotta Warriors and Horses were made as burial objects to accompany the emperor in the after world They were first discovered in 1974 Archaeologists had unearthed some 8 000 lifelike soldiers and horses from three terracotta figurines pits occupying about 20 000 square metres Standing in formation they indicate the powerful array of troops of Qin Shi Huang when he unified China They are regarded as the eighth wonder of the world 6 武则天是中国历史上空前绝后的唯一一位女皇帝 她创造了中国历史的奇迹 她是中国历史上杰出的政 治家 军事家 同时也是一位诗人 武则天出生于唐朝的大户人家 她拥有盖世的美丽和绝顶的聪明 并喜 欢读书 童年时曾随父母游历了名山大川 这培养了她的眼界和才干 她14岁入宫 在经历了很多坎坷和磨 难之后 终于当上了皇后 690年 武则天改国号 the title of the dynasty 唐为周 正式做了皇帝 她执政期 间 经济 文化繁荣发展 边疆稳固 人民生活幸福 Wu Zetian the only female emperor in Chinese history created the miracle of Chinese history She was an outstanding politician strategist as well as a poet in Chinese history Born in a wealthy family in Tang Dynasty she was the most beautiful and intelligent of her time and she also liked reading She had visited famous mountains and great rivers with her parents when she was a child which had broadened her horizon and developed her talents She was sent to the palace when she was 14 After many difficulties and hardships she became the empress finally In 690 Wu Zetian changed the title of the dynasty Tang to Zhou and became the emperor herself During her reign the economy and culture developed rapidly the frontier got stable and people led a happy life 7 13 公元960年 宋朝建立 后统一了中国大部分地区 宋朝的统治者建立了有效的中央集权制 广泛任 用民间的学术文人 地方的军事官员及其党羽都被中央任命的官员所替代 宋朝在城市发展方面是非常显著 的 这不单指其在管理上的职能 而且还包括其作为贸易 工业和海上贸易的中心的职能 在文化上 宋朝 发展了历史文献 绘画 书法及坚硬光滑的瓷器等 In 960 Song Dynasty was founded and later it reunified most of China The rulers of the Song Dynasty built an effective centralized bureaucracy staffed with civilian scholar officials Regional military governors and their supporters were replaced by centrally appointed officials The Song Dynasty is notable for the development of cities not only for administrative purposes but also as centers of trade industry and maritime commerce Culturally the Song refined historical writings painting calligraphy and hard glazed porcelain etc 8 清朝是中国的最后一个封建王朝 它由满族人 Manchus 建立 是中国历史上第二个由非汉族人创建 的统一王朝 满族人以前也被称为女 真 Jurchen 他们居住在明朝境内东北部 长城关外 在努尔哈赤 Nurhaci 统一女真各部落并建立了一个独立的部落之后 他们成为了明朝晚期的主要威胁 满族人联合明朝的将军吴 三桂打下了北京 并将其作为清朝的首都 在这之后他们继续南下剿灭 subdue 明朝的残余反抗势力 在 满族征战中国的过程 1618 1683 中 总共造成了2500万人丧生 The Qing Dynasty was the last imperial dynasty in China Founded by the Manchus it was the second non Han Chinese dynasty that ruled the whole country The Manchus were formerly known as Jurchen residing in the northeastern part of the Ming territory outside the Great Wall They emerged as the major threat to the late Ming Dynasty after Nurhaci had united all Jurchen tribes and established an independent one The Manchu allied with the Ming Dynasty general Wu Sangui to seize Beijing which was made the capital of the Qing Dynasty and then proceeded to subdue the remaining Ming s resistance in the south 9 中国自1978年实行改革开放的政策 the Reform and Opening up Policy 以来 经济获得了持续快速的发 展 目前经济总量已位居世界前列 然而 中国是一个人口大国 按人口平均的经济水平还不高 仍然属于 低收入国家 与发达国家相比 还存在较大的差距 中国经济发展水平的地区差异较大 东部沿海地区比较 发达 西部地区相对落后 中国正在进行西部大开发 Western Region Development 以加快西部地区经济 发展的步伐 Since China adopted the Reform and Opening up Policy in 1978 its economy has experienced a fast and steady development At present it is among the world s top economic powers However in view of China s large population its economic level is not yet high and it still belongs to countries that have low per capita income Compared with the developed countries China still has a long way to go Regional difference in China s economic development is considerably large The coastal areas in the east are relatively more prosperous the western areas comparatively lag behind China is implementing Western Region Development strategy with a view to speed up the economic progress in this region 10 中国是一个发展中的大国 又处在工业化的过程中 环境问题比较突出 因此国家把环境保护