中考英语语法讲解课件-行为动词与系动词.ppt

中考英语语法 第十七讲行为动词与系动词 第一部分 动词的类别 动词的类别 行为动词 系动词 助动词 情态动词 独立做谓语 不独立做谓语 及物动词vt与不及物动词vi 瞬间动词与延续行动词 双宾语动词 重点在记忆 表语两个问题 第二部分 动词的时态 语态 语气 第三部分 1 及物动词与不及物动词 及物与不及物 及物动词vt 不及物动词vi 纯及物 纯不及物 什么是 有哪些 1 不能单独结尾 2 其后不能用介词IreachKF 对 Ireached 错 1 能单独结尾 2 其后必须用介词Iarrived 对 Iarrivedat 错 IarrivedinKF 对 考点 能不能加介词 能不能单独结尾 最常考 see hear serve reach raise其他详见下篇 最常考 look listen arrive rise其他详见下篇 Vi vt的动词 everybody ourgamebegins letusbeginourgame Vi vt意思不同 wesawthemountainwhenthecloudsliftedHeliftedhisglassanddrank 一 纯及物动词 buy catch invent found like observe offer prevent promise raise find forget receive regard see say seat supply select suppose show make take tell二 纯不及物动词 agree go work listen look come die belong fall exist rise arrive sit sail hurry fail succeed三 及物与不及物意思不一样beatvi 跳动vt 敲 打 growvi 生长vt 种植playvi 玩耍vt 打 牌 球 演奏smellvi 发出 气味 vt 嗅ringvi 电话 铃 响vt 打电话speakvi 讲话vt 说 语言 hangvi 悬挂vt 绞死operatevi 动手术vt 操作Liftvi烟雾消散vt举起 第三部分 2 瞬间动词与延续性动词 1 以上两类动词都能用于现在完成时 表示动作到现在为止已结束 例如 HehasstudiedEnglishforthreeyears 2 持续性动词在完成时中能与表示持续一段时间的状语连用 而瞬间性动词则不能 例如 Hisparentstalkedwiththeteacherforhalfanhour 3 瞬间性动词在完成时中如要与表示持续一段时间的状语连用例如 Hehasbeeninthearmy asoldierforhtreeyears 他参军已有3年了 不能用hasjoined本章节详见第二讲 完成时章节 常用瞬间动词相应持续性动词关系如下 1 go beaway2 come behere3 comeback beback4 leave beaway benothere 5 buy have6 borrow keep7 die bedead8 begin beon9 finish beover10 open beopen11 close beclosed12 lose belost13 gettoknow know14 turnon beon15 getup beup16 sitdown sit beseated17 join bein 或bea member18 become be 第三部分 3 双宾语动词 双宾语动词 配to的 配for的 bring fetch give hand lend offer owe pass pay post promise sell send show take teach tell throw write 动词后同时用人 物做宾语 注意人和物的不同位置 例 givemethebook givethebooktome ask buy call choose cook do find get keep leave save 第四部分 系动词 1 状态系动词用来表示主语状态 只有be一词2 持续系动词用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度 主要有keep rest remain stay lie stand 例如 Healwayskeptsilentatmeeting 他开会时总保持沉默 Thismatterrestsamystery 此事仍是一个谜 3 表像系动词用来表示 看起来像 这一概念 主要有seem appear look 例如 Helookstired 他看起来很累 Heseems tobe verysad 他看起来很伤心 4 感官系动词感官系动词主要有feel smell sound taste 例如 Thiskindofclothfeelsverysoft 这种布手感很软 Thisflowersmellsverysweet 这朵花闻起来很香 5 变化系动词这些系动词表示主语变成什么样 变化系动词主要有become grow turn fall get go come run 例如 Hebecamemadafterthat 自那之后 他疯了 Shegrewrichwithinashorttime 她没多长时间就富了 6 终止系动词表示主语已终止动作 主要有prove trunout 表达 证实 变成 之意 例如 Therumorprovedfalse 这谣言证实有假 Thesearchproveddifficult 搜查证实很难 Hisplanturnedoutasuccess 他的计划终于成功了 turnout表终止性结果 第五部分 中考不规则动词与习题 BeatbeatbeatenBecomebecamebecomeBeginbeganbegunBendbentbentBlowblewblownBreakbrokebrokenBurnburntburntBuildbuiltbuiltBringbroughtbroughtBuyboughtboughtCatchcaughtcaughtChoosechosechosenComecamecomeCostcostcost CutcutcutDodiddoneDrawdrewdrawnDrinkdrankdrunkDrivedrovedrivenEatateeatenFallfellfallenFeedfedfedFeelfeltfeltFindfoundfoundFitfitfitFlyflewflownForgetforgotforgottenGetgotgot GivegavegivenGowentgoneGrowgrewgrownHavehadhadHearheardheardHidehidhiddenHithithitHoldheldheldHurthurthurtKeepkeptkeptKnowknewknownLeadledledLeaveleftleftLendlentlent LetletletLielaylainLightlitlitLoselostlostMakemademadeMeetmetmetPaypaidpaidPutputputReadreadreadRideroderiddenRingrangrungRiseroserisenRunranrunSaysaidsaid SeesawseenSellsoldsoldSendsentsentSetsetsetShallshouldshouldShineshoneshoneShowshowedshownShutshutshutSingsangsungSitsatsatSleepsleptsleptSmellsmeltsmeltSpeakspokespokenSpendspentspent Spillspiltspilt溅SpitspatspatSpoilspoiltspoiltStandstoodstoodSweepsweptsweptSwimswamswumTaketooktakenTeachtaughttaughtTelltoldtoldThinkthoughtthoughtThrowthrewthrownUnderstandunderstood WakewokewokenWinwonwonWritewrotewritten 八 动词 情态动词 不定式 时态等 1 Thelifewewereusedto greatlysince2000 A changeB haschangedC changingD havechanged 2 Sorry Mr Green I myEnglishbookathome That sOK butdon tforgetnexttime A forgotB forgetC leftD kept 3 I msurehe abletofinishthisjob A beB isC areD can 4 Dad wecan sportsinschoolonehouraday Really It ssogood A todoB doesC doD doing 5 一 Someoneissingingupstairs ItmustbeMaria Itcan tbeher Isawherout A LookB SayC ListenD Come B C B C A 6 Linda Iamverythirsty Let sgotothenearestsupermarket somedrink OK A buyB boughtC tobuyD buying 7 Myauntisn there She Shanghaionbusiness Shewillbebackinthreedays A wentB hasgonetoC hasbeentoD willgoto 8 Dinnerisready Helpyourself Wow It delicious Couldyoupleasetellmehowtocookit A tastesB looksC soundsD feels 9 TheTVshowHomewithKidsissowonderful Youshouldn tmissit IfIhavetime I it A seeB sawC willseeD haveseen 10 Whatahardlifemyparentslive Sodomyparents WhenIgrowup I tomakethemlivemorehappily A tryB triedC willtryD havetried C B A C C 11 ThetwinsaretalkingaboutthebookWhoMovedMyCheese It sfunto A joinB joininC takepartinD enter 12 You doitifyoureallydon twantto A needn tB mustn tC can tD couldn t 13 Asthesaying Wherethereisawill thereisaway A goB goesC goingD went 14 Whatdoyoudo I manengineer I inacompanyinWuhan Ilikemyjobverymuch A workB hadworkedC willworkD worked 15 When yourbrother back Abouthalfanhourago A did comeB had comeC do comeD has come A A B A A 16 Whereismylittledog It thebackofthehouse A hasgonetoB hadgonetoC hasbeentoD hadbeento 17 DidJamesspeaktoyouthismorning No he me buthedidn tnoticeme A passedB sawC greetedD knocked 18 What sup Ican tstandthenoiseoutside It snearly memad A keepingB turningC causingD driving 19 DoIhavetocomebacktomorrow Yes you A canB mayC mustD should 20 Mrs Liuiskindandalways herhelptoothers A sharesB receivesC makesD offers A A D C D 21 Inthepastfewyearstheregreatchangesinmyhometown A havebeenB wereC hadbeenD are 22 Whosenotebookisthis It beNing s Ithashernameonit A needB can tC mustD shall 23 Hi I youforalongtime I inBeijing I vejustcomeback A hadn tseen amB haven tseen shallbeC didn tsee willbeD haven tseen was 24 CouldIborrowyourdictionary Ofcourseyou A canB mustC shouldD will 25 Inthefuture thereisn tgoingto enoughspaceto ontheearth A have standinB be standC have standD be standin A C D A D 26 JameswiththeGreens theWhiteTowerParkifit tomorrow A aregoingto isn trainyB aregoingto doesn trainC isgoingto won trainD isgoingto isn trainy 27 Itlookslikeatelevision Doyouthinkso Yes I A understandB knowC meanD agree 28 AreyougoingtoBeijingbyplane It sfast butexpensive SoIamnotsure I takeatrain A shouldB mayC mustD will 29 IknockedintoatreewhenIwenttotherailwaystationformyfriend Isupposeyou toofast A driveB aredrivingC droveD weredriving 30 Nancy howlongdoesittaketoflytoCanada Sorry Idon tknow ButIcantelephonemyfatherto itforyou A doB checkC catchD find D D B D D 31 MustIfinishtheworktoday Mom No you Youcanfinishittomorrow A mustn tB can tC shouldn tD needn t 32 I lldoitbetteriftheteacher meanotherchance A giveB givesC gaveD willgive 33 WhenIwenttosaygoodbyetoAnna she thepiano A isplayingB playsC wasplayingD played 34 HenryspeaksChineseverywell He inChinasince2002 A staysB stayedC isstayingD hasstayed 35 Howmuchdoestheticket fromShanghaitoBeijing A costB takeC spendD pay D B C D A 36 Youboughtanewcomputerlastweek you A aren tB don tC didn tD haven t 37 There atalkshowonCCTV 4atninethisevening A willhaveB isgoingtobeC isgoingtohaveD isstaying 38 Themenuhassomanygoodthings Ican tdecide A whattoeatB howtoeatC wheretoeatD whytoeat 39 Schools allowstudentsatleastonehouradayforsports A wouldB mightC shouldD could 40 Icalledyouathalfpastninethismorning buttherewasnoanswer Oh sorry I withmycousininthesupermarket A shopB wasshoppingC shoppedD willshop C B A C B 41 Who thatpiano Mysister whenshe time A plays hasB isplaying hasC plays ishavingD isplaying hashad 42 Ifyou himtomorrow pleaseaskhimifhe toworkonthefarmwithus A see goesB willsee goesC willsee willgoD see willgo 43 It snearlyseveno clock Jack bebackhomeatthismoment A mustB needC couldD can 44 Howmuch theshoes Fivedollars enough A is isB are isC are areD is are 45 Where sMarynow Doyouknow No butIheard inherroomafewminutesago A hersingingB hersingC shewassingingD Alltheanswersareright B D A B D 46 Withthehelpofsatellites newscan everycorneroftheworld A getB reachC appearD arrive 47 Whydidn tyoubuyanyvegetablesthismorning Sorry I totakeanymoneywithme A forgotB stoppedC affordedD remembered 48 Bytheway isJanein No she totheschoollibrary A goesB wentC hasbeenD hasgone 49 That sanicewatch Isit inChina A makeB makingC madeD makes 50 Canyouflyakite No I A mustn tB needn tC can tD couldn t B A D C C 51 Ihavewatchedthegame When you it A have watchedB do watchC did watchD will watch 52 Heaskedme tohisbirthdayparty A togoB goC goesD went 53 Youcan thisbookasmuchtimeasyoulike A getB takeC borrowD keep 54 Youwantthegreenoneortheyellowone I venoidea Ican tdecide A tobuywhatB howmuchtopayC whichtochooseD howmanytotake 55 Isitgoingtoraintomorrow Ifit we llhavethematchnextweek A doesB isgoi