新版牛津英语8A U4Do It Yourself教案.doc

8AU4Do it yourself【知识点梳理】1.Youd better get some tools. had常与主语缩写成d, 如he had = hed had better do sth. 最好做某事 had better not do sth. 最好不要做某事 E.g. Youd better go out for a walk. Shed better not cry. 【注】You had better 句型用于反意疑问句中，附加部分用动词had。Youd better work harder, _?2. When you do DIY,you make,repair or decorate things yourself instead of playing someone to do it. (1) repair vt. 修理，修补 Ill have my watch repaired,it doesnt work. n. The house is in need of repair.(2) decorate vt.装修，布置 E.g 我们装修房子过圣诞节。 -n. (3) instead of 后面常跟名词、代词或动名词 instead of +sthdoing sth 而不是，代替 E.g. I will go instead of my brother. I am going to watch TV instead of going shopping. 【拓展】instead 是副词，“反而，却”常用于句末或句首，单独使用。置于句首时，通常用逗号隔开。 E.g. They wont go shopping. They will watch TV instead. 我们没有咖啡了，用茶代替好吗？ 3. The house always looks terrible! 副词为 可怕的；非常，很多么骇人听闻的消息！ He was terribly excited at the exciting news.4. once 曾经，一度。常用于过去时。 他曾经生活在美国，但现在他生活在英国。 He once lived in America ,but now he lives in England. 从前在这个村子里有一条河。 once还可表示“一次”。一天一次：once a day. 对其提问用How often. 5.be crazy about. “对着迷；非常喜欢”be crazy for sth. 渴望某物be crazy for sb. 迷恋某人be crazy to do sth. 做某事是糊涂的例句：My little brother is crazy about football. Daniel is crazy for a computer.杰克对玩电脑游戏很着迷。 6.He tried to put in a brighter light. He wanted to put up a picture on his bedroom wall. put in put up put off put away put on E.g We put in a new air-conditioner when we moved here. 7. . but he made a mistake / make mistakes . 犯错误mistake n./vt.错误地 by mistake 介词词组位于动词之后，由动作引出E.g 他误拿了别的某个人的伞。 误把A当作B mistake A for B 8. .but he hit a pipe and filled the room with water fillwith“用某物填充”be filled with 是 fill with的被动形式，意为“被装满,主语为物【混辨析】be full of 与be filled with 的区别二者意思都为“用某物填充”，有时可以互换。但是：be full of 强调“充满的”这一状态，而be filled with 通常强调动作。 The bottle is full of wine . 瓶子里装满了酒。 Her eyes are filled with tears. 她的眼睛里含着泪水。 9. keep on painting. 继续刷keep on doing sth. 继续做某事 keep sb doing sth 意为“让某人一直做某事”Sorry to keep you waiting for a long time.【辨析】keep on doing sth和 keep doing sth 都表示继续做某事。keep doing 是指持续不断的一直保持这个状态，而 keep on doing sth表示中途停下来过，然后再去继续做它。 E.g 他毕业后继续学英语。He keeps on learning English after graduation. 他一直在跑。He keeps running.10. not only but also意为“不仅 而且；和 都.” 可以连接并列的主语，宾语或表语. 当连接并列的主语时，谓语动词的形式由but also后的主语来决定。 Not only your parents but also I am proud of you. 不仅你的父母为你骄傲，我也为你骄傲。 My mother is not only a good teacher but also a good cook . 妈妈不仅是个好老师而且是好厨师。 He can speak not only English but also Japanese. 他不仅会说英语而且还会说日语。 11. I also advised him to take a course in DIY. advise vt. advise sb (not ) to do sth. 建议某人（不要）做某事 advise doing sth -n. advice不可数 What good advice！She advised her husband not to smoke ,but he wouldnt. 她建议她丈夫戒烟，但他不听。12. attend lessons 上课attend vt.意为“经常去，出席”，常指参加会议，集会，典礼，婚礼，追悼会等，有时也指上学，听课，听报告等。它强调动作，即听或看，为正式书面用语。 join 意为“参加，加入（团体，党派，组织等），并成为其中一员，也可指加入一群人做事。如：加入我们 join us . take part in 意为“参加，加入”，表示参加某项工作，事业，活动等。 参加学校运动会take part in the school sports meeting 我需要参加明天的会议吗？Need I attend the meeting tomorrow? 13.have a power cut 断电 1）cut out “_ ”.he cut out an article from the newspaper。2）cut down “_”，He cut down a tree with a knife。3） cut in “_”Dont cut in while Im talking.。4）cut off “_”，指 _He cut off the gas when a fire broke out。14.the other;another;the others;others1) 表示两件东西或两个人中“一个另一个”时，用onethe other。I have two pens one is blue，and the other is black。The other后可跟单数n，也可跟复数n，此时的other作adjOn the other side of the street，there is a big tree。Mary is much taller than the other girls。2）表示不定数目中的“一个另一个”时，用 oneanother。another为adj，意为“又一的；再一的”，通常用于三个或三个以上不确定数量中的任意一个人或物。常用搭配有：another+单数可数n；another+数词+复数可数nMay I have another apple，please？Id like another two pencils.3）表示一定范围内“其余所有的”用the others，相当于“the other+n复数”4）表示许多人或物中的“一部分另一部分（并非全部）”，用someothers。Give me some others , please!请给我别的东西吧！根据图形填出对应单词（the other;another;the others;others）：SomeOneSomeOne15.make sure “确保；弄清楚”，后常接of引导的介词短语或that从句Go and make sure of the place and time。Angle took good care of them and made sure that they always had food and water。be sure 后接of/about短语或that从句时，作为“肯定”解；后接不定式时，意为“一定；必定；准会”。16.for example ,such as,like1)for example用来举例说明某种情况，一般只以同类事物中的“一个”为例。用逗号与句子其他成分隔开，可置于句首、句中或句末。Ball games ,for example ,have spread around the world.For example, air is invisible.2)such as一般用来列举同类人或事物中的几个例子，多位于被列举的事物之前，as后不用逗号。English is spoken in many countries, such as Australia and Canada .Opportunities such as this did not come every day.such as 用于举例时，通常只能列举其中一部分，不能全部列出。I have three good friends , such as lily and lucy.3)like 常可以与such as 互换，但such as用于举例时，可以分开使用，此时不能与like互换。I like to eat meat,like/such as beef and pork.He has several such pets as cats and dogs.17.So I decided to make her a birthday card by myself.decide “决定”，decide （not）to do sth，意为“决定（不）做某事”They decided （not）to tell Tom about it。decide的n形式为decision，make a decision 意为“做决定”He has made a decision to become a sailor。18. its possible to sleep with all that noise。Possible -adv.Its possible to do sth意为“做某事是可能的本句使用“it is +adj+to do sth”结构，意为“做某事是的”。对他来说在三个小时内完成这项工作是不可能的。It is impossible for him to finish the work within three hours。“it is +adj+for/of sb to do sth”中，若adj为important，useful，necessary，hard，easy等表示事物性质、状态或特征的词，常用“it is +adj+for sb to do sth”；若adj是kind，clever，wise，polite，foolish等表示人的性格或品质的adj，用“it is +adj+of sb to do sth”练习：用of/for填空1.Itsverykind_youtohelpme.2.Itsdifficult_youtodealwiththeproblem.3.Itsclever_youtoworkoutthemathsproblem.4.Itsverydangerous_childrentocrossthebusystreet.5.It will be a mistake _ you to miss the chance.6.It is wrong _you to tell a lie.19.Please dont give up.give up doing sth放弃做某事My father gives up smoking.20. active 21. stick22.add【Grammar】祈使句的用法以动词原形开头，用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子称为祈使句句型例句肯定结构V原形（+宾语）+其他Listen to the teacher carefully.Be+表语（n或adj）+其他Be a good student！Let+宾语+动词原形+其他Let me help you.否定结构Dont+动词原形（+宾语）+其他Dont forget me！Dont +be+表语（n或adj）+其他Dont be late again!1）dont+let+宾语+动词原形+其他2）let+宾语+not+动词原形+其他Dont let the boy go in.Let the boy not go in.3.祈使句的强调形式，通常在肯定祈使句式前加上助动词Do。例如：Doshutup!快住口！Do stop talking!务必停止讲话！Do be careful! 一定要小心！4.祈使句的回答祈使句的动作通常是表示将来发生的动作，所以回答祈使句时，一般用will或wont。在回答具有否定意义的祈使句时，要注意两点：1)形式一致(即Yes与will保持一致；No与wont保持一致)2)意思相反(即Yes是“不”的意思；No是“是”的意思)。在回答时，要注意分析上下文语境中所提供的条件。如：-Dontgoout,please.Itsrainingheavilyoutside.请不要出去。外面雨下得很大。-Yes,Iwill.Ihavetomeetmybrotherattheairport.不行，我得去机场接我弟弟。5.祈使句的反意疑问句(1)肯定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分用willyou或wontyou。Pleaseopenthedoor,will/wontyou?请把门打开，好吗？(2)否定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分只用willyou。Dontbelateagain,willyou?别再迟到了，行不行？(3) 以lets开头的祈使句反