美国饮食文化.ppt

美国饮食文化 TheeatingcultureofAmerica 美国的餐饮多元化 大城市中有世界各地风味的餐馆 欧洲餐厅以法国和意大利餐馆为主 这些地方环境很好 价格也较高 中餐馆遍布全美 以广东餐馆为主 多售卖海鲜类菜肴 价格适中 其他还有日本 印度 中东 拉美和东南亚餐馆 比较富有美国当地特色的则是快餐 如以麦当劳为代表的汉堡包餐厅 以肯德基为代表的炸鸡餐厅 此外还有出售披萨 三明治和热狗的快餐店 在正规餐厅里就餐后要付10 20 的小费 而在快餐厅里就不必付小费了 总体来说 吃快餐比较节省开支 饮食文化 Thespeciesoffood食物种类 EatingCustomandPractice用餐习惯 FastFood快餐食品 Fast foodchains American style arecurrentlyontheincreaseallovertheworld Mostoftheseplacesworkonasimilarprinciple Thereisalongcounter abovewhichisdisplayedalist oftenwithpictures oftheitemsavailable andbehindwhichseveralpeople oftenstudentsworkingfortheminimumwage areserving Individualqueuesforminfrontofeachassistant Youreceivewhatyouordermoreorlessimmediatelyandtakeitonatraytoatable pickingupthinglikestraws 吸管 pepper salt ketchup 蕃茄酱 pickles 泡菜 andnapkins usuallypapernapkins ontheway Ifyoucan tseeanyknivesandforks thismeansyouaresupposedtoeatwithyourhands Ifyoucan tseeanystraws that sbecausetheyarehidinginthestrawdispenser 分配器 thatyouhavetofiddle 拨弄 withthebottomofittogetastraw oneatatime toemerge Whenyou vefinished youyourselfthrowawayeverythingexceptthetray Manyfast foodplaceshavedrive infacilities Youplaceyourorderfromyourcarvia 通过 amicrophoneandthendriveroundtoaspecialwindowtopayandpickitup Youmayevenencounterplaceswhereawaitressbringyourmealout andyousitandeatitinthecarfromatrayhookedoverthedoorthroughtheopenwindow Youmaybeaskedifyourorderis forhere or togo i e totakeaway Insomestatesthereisnosalestaxonfoodconsumed Chips油炸土豆片 ChipsinAmericaarecalled Frenchfries or fries forshort NotethatintheUSA chips meancrisps Frenchfries arenormallythinnerthanchips Americansgenerallyputketchupontheirchips andyouwillnotnormallyfindvinegar 醋 Pizzas 意大利式 烘焰饼 TherearemanyspecialtypizzarestaurantsinAmerica andmanyofthemtaketelephoneordersanddeliverpizzastoyourhome whichcanoftenbeconvenient Theycomeindifferentsizes andalargeonecanbebigenoughforapartyoffourpeople Ifyouwanttoshareapizzabutcan tagreeontheingredients itispossibletoordertwodifferentsetsoftoppings onesetoneachhalf Ice Cream冰淇淋 Shopssellinglargenumberofdifferentflavorsofice creamareverycommoninAmerica Ifyouarenotsurewhatflavor 味道 youwant generallyyoucansampleasmallspoonfulofaparticularflavortoseeifyoulikeit Youcaneitherhaveyourice creamina plaincone 普通型锥形物 orina sugarcone 甜脆型锥形物 SoftDrinks软饮料 Fast foodrestaurantsdonotservealcohol ThesoftdrinksmostoftensoldareCoca ColaandPepsi Cola plusfizzydrinks whicharelikelemonade androotbeer whichislikecoughmedicine Fizzydrinksareknownas carbonatedbeverages 碳酸饮料 or morecolloquially soda pop sodapop and softdrinks Allthesedrinkscomewithlostofice Infact youwillprobablyfindasmuchiceasdrinkinyourdrink Ifyouaskforasoftdrinkwithoutice theywillthinkyouarefunnybutwillprobablyoblige Theymaychargeyouabitextra foriceischeaperthanCoke TheBigApple 来到美国 说到吃 肯定很多人的第一个反应是TheBigApple 不过千万别误会 这可是你吃不了的苹果 它其实是纽约市的 昵称 如果你旅游的目的地是TheBigApple 那我们可要说Congratulations 恭喜 了 那可是个美食之都 Hero 首先 你该到饭店去点一份hero 别担心 服务生不会当你是 吃英雄 的疯子 Hero是纽约人管大个儿意大利潜水艇三明治的叫法 当然 如果你一下子吃了十个Heroes 可能别人就会说话了 Lookatthatstrangegal She sreallyoutinleftfield 这里 outinleftfield专门用来形容那些古怪或者是莫名其妙的人 Surfn Turf 当然 美食并不只是在纽约才有 如果你有兴趣 不妨到 天使之城 洛杉矶逛一圈 Surfn Turf就是一种在洛杉矶非常普及的美食 其中主食是海鲜及牛排 可能会比较贵 但还有很多叫 dives 的便宜餐厅 你可以以合理的价格买到这种美食 TacoStand TacoStand是另一种在洛杉矶及附近的加州城市都很常见的美食 tacos来自于拉丁美洲 但在美国加州也非常的流行 stand 是一种街边小摊 你可以在那儿买到一些速食 一般这要比McDonalds 麦当劳 或是BurgerKing 汉堡王 那样的速食连锁店要便宜 但是食物要可口的多哦 Franks 在美国的街头 你经常会碰到一些Streetvendors 街头小贩 高嚷着 Franks 这时候你可千万别以为他们在寻找名叫Frank的人 Franks在这里是 热狗 的意思 这些小贩就正在SellingHotdogs 卖热狗 到餐厅点荷包蛋的讲法是sunnysideup 因为荷包蛋看起来是不是很样一个小学生画的太阳 EatingCustomandPractice用餐习惯 Americaneatingisfunny Theyeatalmosteverythingwithafork anditappearsthatholdingaknifeinone srighthandlongerthanafewsecondsisconsideredtobeagainstgoodtablemanners Thesystemisthatifitisabsolutelynecessarytouseaknife peopletaketheforkintheirlefthand andcutoffapieceofmeatorwhateveritisinthenormalmanner Thentheyputtheknifedown transfertheforktotheirrighthand andonlythendotheytransportthefoodtotheirmouth Thisisclearlyludicrous 滑稽可笑 butitisconsideredgoodmanners Thereareseveralresultsofthissystem First ifitisnotabsolutelynecessarytouseaknife Americansdon tuseone becauseobviouslythisgreatlycomplicates 使复杂化 things andyouwillthereforeseethemtryingtocutthingslikepotatoes fishandevenbacon 熏猪肉 withafork Second towardstheendofacourse sinceonlyoneimplement 器具 isbeingused foodhastobechasedaroundtheplatewiththefork andforthelastmouthfulthethumbhastobeusedtokeepthefoodinplace althoughoneisnotsupposedtodothis Third tablesaregenerallylaidwithoneknifeandtwoforks theoutsideforkbeingforthesalad ThereisnoneedforforeignvisitorstofollowtheAmericansystemandtrytoeatthesaladwithonlyafork butifyoudouseyourknife remembertosaveitforthemeatcourse Evendesserts 甜食 excepticecream areeatenwithaforkifatallpossible andthespoonyouseebyyourdessertismeanttobeforcoffee butifyouuseitforyourdessertnoonewillsayanything SomeBreakfastDishes早餐食谱 Breakfastinarestaurantisaveryenjoyableexperience Ifyouordereggsinarestaurant thewaiter waitresswillaskyouhowyouwantthem Youcanreplythatyouwantthem scrambled 炒 or boiled Itisnotsufficient however toaskforthem fried youwillhavetospecifywhetheryouwouldpreferthem sunny side up 煎一面 over 两面煎 over easy easy over 两面煎 但蛋黄仍然呈流体状 Americansausage 香肠 comesinslicesandisquitespicy Butyoucanalsohavelinksausage Americanbaconcomesinsmallstrips canberatherfat andisservedcrispy Itisusuallyverytasty andyoucaneatitwithyourfingers Hashbrows 油炸土豆片 areshre