浮动路由实例.doc

实验要求：为Router1和Router2之间做一条备份路由。相关资料：首先看一下Cisco制定的各个路由协议的管理距离(AD)：1.直接相连:02.静态路由:13.EIGRP 汇总路由(summary route):54.外部BGP:205.内部EIGRP:906:IGRP:1007.OSPF:1108.IS-IS:1159.RIP(v1,v2):12010.外部EIGRP:17011.内部BGP:200FloatingStatusRoute因为静态路由的AD比一些动态路由协议的AD高,假如你又想优先采用动态路由,而让静态路由作为备份路由的话,就可以在配置静态路由的时候指定一个AD值,这个AD值要比你采用的动态路由协议要高才行.所以一般当动态路由正常的时候,你在路由表里是看不到这条静态路由的;当动态路由出问题的时候,静态路由开始生效,于是出现在路由表里,这样的静态路由就叫做浮动静态路由(floatingstaticroute)。实验步骤：1、首先了解什么是浮动路由，通俗的理解就是一条备份线路2、利用Visio画出拓扑图3、规划IP地址4、用PacketTracer5.0进行模拟实验。具体实验步骤：因为涉及到的设备比较少，我这里面就把模拟器中的配置全部复制出来Router1RouterenRouter#conf tEnterconfigurationcommands,oneperline.EndwithCNTL/Z./配置IP地址Router(config)#int s0/0/0Router(config-if)#ip address172.16.10.10 255.255.255.0Router(config-if)#clock rate 64000Router(config-if)#no shutRouter(config-if)#exitRouter(config)#int s0/0/1Router(config-if)#ip address172.16.20.10 255.255.255.0Router(config-if)#clock rate 64000Router(config-if)#no shutRouter(config-if)#exitRouter(config)#hostname Router1Router1(config)#int f0/0Router1(config-if)#ip address192.168.10.254 255.255.255.0Router1(config-if)#no shutRouter1(config-if)#exit/配置RIP动态路由协议Router1(config)#router ripRouter1(config-router)#version2Router1(config-router)#network 172.168.10.0Router1(config-router)#network 172.168.20.0Router1(config-router)#network 192.168.10.0Router1(config-router)#exitRouter1(config)#end/配置一条浮动路由Router1(config)#ip route 192.168.20.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.20.20 125Router2RouterenRouter#conf tRouter(config)#hostname rouer2/配置IP地址rouer2(config)#int s0/0/0rouer2(config-if)#ip address 172.16.10.20 255.255.255.0rouer2(config-if)#no shutrouer2(config-if)#exitrouer2(config)#int s0/0/1rouer2(config-if)#ip address172.16.20.20 255.255.255.0rouer2(config-if)#no shutrouer2(config-if)#exitrouer2(config)#int f0/0rouer2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.20.254 255.255.255.0rouer2(config-if)#no shutrouer2(config-if)#exit/配置RIP动态路由协议rouer2(config)#router riprouer2(config-router)#version2rouer2(config-router)#network 192.168.20.0rouer2(config-router)#network 172.16.10.0rouer2(config-router)#network 172.16.20.0rouer2(config-router)#exitrouer2(config)#endrouer2#show ip routeCodes:C-connected,S-static,I-IGRP,R-RIP,M-mobile,B-BGPD-EIGRP,EX-EIGRPexternal,O-OSPF,IA-OSPFinterareaN1-OSPFNSSAexternaltype1,N2-OSPFNSSAexternaltype2E1-OSPFexternaltype1,E2-OSPFexternaltype2,E-EGPi-IS-IS,L1-IS-ISlevel-1,L2-IS-ISlevel-2,ia-IS-ISinterarea*-candidatedefault,U-per-userstaticroute,o-ODRP-periodicdownloadedstaticrouteGatewayoflastresortisnotset172.16.0.0/24issubnetted,2subnetsC172.16.10.0 is directly connected,Serial0/0/0C172.16.20.0 is directly connected,Serial0/0/1R192.168.10.0/24120/1via172.16.20.10,00:00:17,Serial0/0/1120/1via172.16.10.10,00:00:17,Serial0/0/0C192.168.20.0/24isdirectlyconnected,FastEthernet0/0Successrateis100percent(5/5),round-tripmin/avg/max=62/62/63msrouer2#conft/配置一条浮动路由rouer2(config)#ip route192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.20.10 125rouer2(config)#endrouer2#show ip routeCodes:C-connected,S-static,I-IGRP,R-RIP,M-mobile,B-BGPD-EIGRP,EX-EIGRPexternal,O-OSPF,IA-OSPFinterareaN1-OSPFNSSAexternaltype1,N2-OSPFNSSAexternaltype2E1-OSPFexternaltype1,E2-OSPFexternaltype2,E-EGPi-IS-IS,L1-IS-ISlevel-1,L2-IS-ISlevel-2,ia-IS-ISinterarea*-candidatedefault,U-per-userstaticroute,o-ODRP-periodicdownloadedstaticrouteGatewayoflastresortisnotset/这里我们看不到那条浮动路由，但是如果我们关闭Rip协议，也就是当Rip协议不能正常工作的时候，我们就会看到那条浮动路由172.16.0.0/24issubnetted,2subnetsC172.16.10.0isdirectlyconnected,Serial0/0/0C172.16.20.0isdirectlyconnected,Serial0/0/1R192.168.10.0/24120/1via172.16.20.10,00:00:23,Serial0/0/1120/1via172.16.10.10,00:00:23,Serial0/0/0C192.168.20.0/24isdirectlyconnected,FastEthernet0/0/关闭Rip协议，同样在router1上也关闭Rip，这里不再写出，与router2相同rouer2#conftrouer2(config)#no router riprouer2#show ip routeCodes:C-connected,S-static,I-IGRP,R-RIP,M-mobile,B-BGPD-EIGRP,EX-EIGRPexternal,O-OSPF,IA-OSPFinterareaN1-OSPFNSSAexternaltype1,N2-OSPFNSSAexternaltype2E1-OSPFexternaltype1,E2-OSPFexternaltype2,E-EGPi-IS-IS,L1-IS-ISlevel-1,L2-IS-ISlevel-2,ia-IS-ISinterarea*-candidatedefault,U-per-userstaticroute,o-ODRP-periodicdownloadedstaticrouteGatewayoflastresortisnotset172.16.0.0/24issubnetted,2subnetsC172.16.10.0isdir