不一样的牛津书虫 (中级).化身博士.doc

目录002.1丨化身博士： 神秘的门& 神秘的人1002.2 丨化身博士：寻找海德先生6002.3丨化身博士：血腥命案10002.4丨化身博士：杰基尔博士收到一封信13002.5丨化身博士：兰宁之死19002.6丨化身博士：窗户上的神秘脸25002.7丨化身博士： 解开迷雾31002.8丨化身博士：真相大白的忏悔书37002.1丨化身博士： 神秘的门& 神秘的人文段精讲1.故事里的主要讲述人：律师Utterson先生Mr Utterson the lawyer was aquiet, serious man.律师Utterson先生是个沉默寡言、严肃的人。He wasshywith strangers andafraid of showing his feelings.在陌生人面前，他非常腼腆，不爱流露自己的情感。Among friends, however, his eyesshone with kindness and goodness.可是，在朋友间，他的眼睛总闪烁着关怀与真诚的光芒。如何来描述“心灵的窗户”？His eyes shone with happiness.他的眼睛洋溢着幸福的光芒。Her eyes shone with excitement and curiosity.她的眼睛里满是兴奋与好奇之情。His eyes shone with intelligenceand wisdom.他的双眼闪烁着聪慧又睿智的光芒。2.And, although this goodness neverfound its way intohis conversation, it showed itself his way of life.虽然这种真与善他从来不挂在嘴上，可他的待人处事能让人感觉到。find ones way：拟人的修辞手法1）基本用法：I finally found my way out of the castle.我终于找到走出城堡的路了。He cant find his way home.他找不到回家的路了。2）拟人修辞手法：No matter how well one tries to hide it, hatred will find its way into his behavior.无论人们怎么想方设法要藏起心中的仇恨，它总是能在人们的行为举止中露出马脚来。她在生活中老是碰到麻烦事儿。Trouble always seems to find its way into her life.3.故事里出场的第二个人物：Enfield.Mr Uttersons best friend was a distant cousin called Richard Enfield, who was well known as a fun-lovingman about town.这里的man about town颇有“会玩耍的城里人”的调侃意味，专门来描写喜欢出入社交场合的花花公子、浮夸子弟。fun-loving表示“爱找乐子、爱玩”的意思，这个构词法我们还可以扩展出很多形容词词组，比如爱动物的：animal-loving；爱吃喝爱美食的：food-lovinga book-lovingkid: 一个爱看书的小孩。4. 这两个性格迥异的人，却能融洽相处。Nobody could understand why they were friends, as they were different from each other in every way.They often took long walks together, however, marching through the streets of London incompanionablesilence. 他们经常会相约散步，一走就好远，穿过伦敦的街道，安安静静地作着伴。companionable: a.友好的、友善的=panionable silence: 最好的相处,连沉默都是舒服companion n. 同伴、同行之人。神秘博士Dr. Who; literature companion, 文学伴读人4.I was coming home about three oclock on a black winter morning,when suddenlyI saw two people那是个冬天的早上，天黑漆漆的，大概3点钟吧。当时我正要回家，突然看见两个人。when的特殊用法：I was sleepingwhenI was woken up by a strange noise.当时我正在睡觉，突然被一个奇怪的声音吵醒了。She was reading her favorite novel at homewhensomeone rang the doorbell.当时她在家看她最爱的小说，突然，有人按了门铃。当时他正开车去上班，突然，他的车出了故障。He was driving to work when his car broke down.when的这个特殊用法，在新概念三册中也出现过：One day, after heavy shower, I happened to be walking in my gardenwhenI noticed a huge number of snails taking a stroll on some of my prize plants.后来有一天，一场大雨后，我在花园里漫无目的散步，突然注意到许许多多蜗牛在我的一些心爱的花木上慢悠悠地蠕动着。6. The first was a short man who was walking along the street, and the second was a little girl who was running as fast as she could其中头一个是位矮个子的男子，正沿着街边走，第二个是位小姑娘，跑得很急。Well, the twobumped intoeach other and the child fell down.两个人一下子撞到了一起。孩子摔倒了。bump into1）撞到2）偶遇I bumped into Mary at the post office yesterday.昨天我在邮局偶遇Mary.7. Then a terrible thing happened接着，可怕的事情发生了。The man calmlywalked all overthe childs body with his heavy boots，and left her screaming on the ground这个人穿着沉甸甸的靴子，冷静从容地从孩子身上踩踏过去，小姑娘躺在地上尖叫着。walk all over1）踩踏2）欺负某人或者专横跋扈地对待某人：Dont try to walk all over me! I am new, but I am not stupid.别想欺负我，虽然我是新来的，但我可不傻。8. It was aninhumanthing to do做这种事真是野蛮残忍！inhumana. 1) 没人性的、残忍可怕的= inhumane 注意发音；2)非人类的；怪异可怕的: inhuman speed and strength, 非人类的速度与力量，此时就不能和inhumane互换了。9. I ran after the man, caught him and fetched him back我从后面追上来，抓住那人，把他拽了回来。There was already a small crowd around the screaming child这是，一小群人已经围到了又哭又叫的孩子身边。The man was perfectly cool，but he gave me a very evil look，whichmade me feel sick in my stomach可那人却非常镇静，一脸漠然，还狠狠地瞪了我一眼，真是叫我反胃。feel sick in my stomach: 我感到反胃想吐扩展：sbs stomach turns at the idea of 一想到某人就反胃I had a funny feeling inthepitofmystomach. 我心头有种怪怪的感觉。10. The child ismorefrightenedthanhurt. 孩子语气说是伤着了，不如说是受到惊吓了。11. Hesnot easy to describe, although I remember himperfectly.这人长得不可描述，虽然我脑海里清晰记得他的样子。此处perfectlyclearlyHes astrange-looking man.他长得怪异。Hes short, but has a strong, heavy body.虽然个子矮，但是身材粗壮。Theres something wrong with his appearance,somethingugly and unpleasing no, somethinghateful.他的相貌有点儿不对劲，又丑又叫人反感，不，是叫人憎恨。I disliked him at once.我第一眼见到他时就讨厌他。Hatred at first sight.听了Enfield的讲述，律师陷入了深深的焦虑与沉思。这是为什么呢？在下期节目中，律师Utterson将会亲自展开调查，试图找到这个奇怪的、残忍的男人，并于他对质。这人与亲和善良的Jekyll到底是什么关系？预知后事如何,且听下回分解。课后练习(请结合本讲中重点语言点并完成下面翻译练习)1）我正想着这件事时，突然听到有人叫我的名字。2）他正笑着的时候，门突然开了，他妻子走了进来。3）另一方面，你一想到动物油炸土豆就会反胃，但这在北方许多国家却是一种普通的烹任方法。4）与其说他是我的仆人，不如说他是我的朋友。课后练习答案：1. I was thinking of thiswhenI heard my name called.2. He was still smilingwhenthe door opened and his wife came in.3. On the other hand,your stomach would turnat the idea of frying potatoes in animal fat - the normally accepted practice in many northern countries.4. He wasmoreof afriendthan aservant to me.002.2 丨化身博士：寻找海德先生文段精讲11. If I die, or if I disappear for more than three months, the will began, I wish to leave everything I own to my dear friend Edward Hyde. 这在Utterson律师看来，就是疯狂甚至可耻的举动，他担心Jekyll是不是被Hyde敲诈勒索了。他决定要介入。在今天的节目中，Utterson律师开始寻找Hyde先生。2.But I dont often see him now. More than 10 years ago Henry Jekyll became too imaginative for me. He developed some strange, wild, unscientific ideas. I told him so, and Ive seen very little of him since then.Mr Utterson looked at his friends red, angry face.说完这番话，兰宁医生的脸涨得通红。文化拓展颜色词文化1）红色：表述热度。Red-hot is used to describe a person or thing that is very popular, especially someone who is very good at what they do or something that is new and exciting. Some traders are already stacking the red-hot book on their shelves.一些经销商已经把这本火爆的书摆上架了。His team are red-hot favorites.他的队伍是夺冠大热门。2）粉色in the pink表示身体健康。例如：I really feel in the pink after a fortnights holiday。度了两星期的假后，我的确感到身体非常舒适。rosy也是一种健康的象征。Youth青春Youth is not a time of life; it is a state of mind; it is not a matter ofrosy cheeks,red lips and supple knees; it is a matter of the will, a quality of the imagination, a vigor of the emotions; it is the freshness of the deep springs of life.青春不是年华，而是心境；青春不是桃面、丹唇、柔膝，而是深沉的意志，恢宏的想象，炙热的感情；青春是生命的深泉在涌流。3）蓝色美国传统布鲁斯音乐(blues music)如果说一个人非常blue，说明他非常忧伤。例如：He felt blue over his dismissal。他因被解雇而情绪低落。Im feeling blue today。我今天心情不好。4）绿色feels a little greengreen with envygreenbackHe was green with envy at his colleagues promotion。看到同事升职时，他非常嫉妒。5）黑色black dayblacklist灯火管制black outs例如：The blackouts are being rolled across thousands of streets in rural areas, suburbs and city centers in almost every county in the UK。灯火管制正在全英几乎每个郡的农村、郊区和市中心的街道全面实行。文段精讲23. During the next few weeks Mr Utterson spent many hours in the narrow street where Enfield had seen Hyde. He waited patiently near the mysterious door, hoping for a sight of Mr Hyde. Thestreet was empty andsilent andsmallsounds carried a long way.复习声韵修辞手法：押头韵4. And before the lawyer could answer, he turned the key in the lock and disappeared into the house.Jekyll博士的容貌描写：Doctor Jekyll was a tall, well-made man of fifty witha smooth, kindly face.Jekyll博士五十开外，高高的个子，身材匀称，总是一副安详、和善的表情。Hyde的外形描写: ugly, unpleasing, hateful，丑陋、让人不快、叫人憎恨。The colour of the doctors handsome face changed from pink to greyish-white.博士那英俊、红润的脸庞一下子变的灰白。课后练习(请结合本讲中重点语言点并完成下面翻译练习)1.这张炙手可热的专辑一上市，就被疯抢而空。2. 因为常常去健身，她看起来身体好极了。3. 人人都时不时会碰到星期一综合症。课后练习答案：答案1：This red-hot album was sold out the moment it had been launched.答案2：She looks in the pink because she is a regular gym-goer.答案3：Everybody experiences Monday blues every once in a while.英汉转化中被动语态的点点滴滴（自读）原文：Hyde问律师：How did you know me?你怎么会知道我呢？律师回答：Youwere describedto me. 听人跟我讲起过您。从“You were described to me”品西方思维中的“被动语态”一汉语中的无主语句子一般到了英语中转换为被动语态例如：1）The city was equipped with a drainage system, for a great many clay pipes were found beneath the narrow streets.城里甚至还铺设了排水系统，因为在狭窄的街道底下发现了许许多多陶土制作的排水管道。2）In the most sacred room of temple, clay fragments of fifteen statues were found.在庙中最神圣的一间殿堂里发现了15尊陶雕像的碎片。3）Action should be taken against the environmental pollution.应该采取行动去控制一下环境污染了。4）Great sums of money has been spent on the childrens education.很多钱已经花在这些孩子的教育上了。二汉语中的有些句子以“有人、人们、人人、大家、我们”等泛指性概念的词开头，这样的句子一般到了英语中转换为被动语态例如：1）It has been estimated that if the bridge were packed with cars, it would still only be carrying a third of its total capacity.人们估计，若桥上摆满了汽车，也只不过达到桥的总承载力的1/3。2）Over a year passed before the first attempt was made.然而一年多过去了才有人出来尝试。3）It is generally accepted that the experiences of the child in his early years largely determine his character and later personality.人们普遍认为，孩子们的早年经历在很大程度上决定了他的性格及其未来的人品。三英语中有时为了突出句子的重点信息，而并非动作施行者，故把该重要信息放在句首，而把汉语中本该是主语的动作施行者放到句末或甚至省略，导致被动语态的使用。例如：1）Dont worry, your proposal is being studied.不要着急，我们正在讨论研究你的提议。2）After he had pleaded for nearly an hour, permission was granted by the policeman.他苦苦哀求了一个小时，警察终于同意了。四英语中有时因为前后文衔接的需要而使用被动语态1）In this day, Mendoza enjoyed tremendous popularity. He was adored by rich and poor alike.门多萨在的全盛时期深受大家欢迎，无论是富人还是穷人都对他祟拜备至。2）The manager had no knowledge of the project and had not been consulted on this issue.经理根本不知道这次的企划，也没有人同他商量过这件事。002.3丨化身博士：血腥命案文段精讲1. One night in London, nearly a year later, a servant girl was sitting at her bedroom window, looking out at the moonlit street. She saw a tall, handsome old man with white hair coming along the street, and a shorter, younger man walking towards him.The old man spoke politely to the younger one. He seemed, the girl said later, to be asking his way. Mr Hyde,the girl said, was carrying a heavy stick. He was playing with it impatiently as he listened to the old man. Then suddenly he seemed toexplode with anger.He was like a madman,the servant girl said明喻&暗喻：Simile&Metaphor1）明喻：simile，这个词来自于拉丁文，原始含义就是likeness, parallel.similar adj. 相似的2）明喻: 是一种很直接了当的比喻方式，需要使用比喻词like, as.Our soldiers areas brave as lions.像狮子一样勇敢Her cheeks arered like a rose.像玫瑰般红润He isas funny as a monkey.像猴子一样搞笑He isas cunning as a fox.像狐狸般狡猾对比：He is funny.He is as funny as a monkey.3）苏格兰诗人Robert Burns罗伯特彭斯：一朵红红的玫瑰A Red Red Rose“O my Luves like a red, red rose 我的爱是红红的玫瑰，Thats newly sprung in June;于六月初开。O my Luves like the melodie 我的爱是动听的乐曲，Thats sweetly played in tune.”甜美如天籁。友谊天长地久（Auld Lang Syne）4）暗喻,Metaphor.Then suddenly he seemed toexplode with anger.突然，他像是被气炸了似的发作起来。5）常规暗喻a night owl,an early bird,Life is a journey.My brother was boiling mad.The assignment was a breeze.I fell in love with her.Were running out of time.6) William Shakespeare 莎士比亚皆大欢喜:All the worlds a stage,整个世界是一座舞台，And all the men and women merely players;所有上场的男男女女不过是演员；They have their exits and their entrances 他们都有退场，也有登场。William Shakespeare, As You Like It.2. Heshook his stick atthe old man, who stepped back in surprise. Then hehitthe old man violently with the stick andknocked him to the ground.Hebeatthe helpless body again and again. I could hear the bones breaking 用词表达多样化（加粗部分）3.It was two oclock in the morning before she was conscious again, and able to call the police. The murderer had disappeared, but the dead man was still lying on the ground with the murder weapon beside him. The policedecidedthat the murderer had carried away the other half. 在死者身上，还发现了一封写给Utterson先生的信, a letter addressed to Mr Utterson.“名词动起来的”结构: addressn. 地址v. 写信、致函给某人 sth. be addressed to sb. 某物是寄给某人。扩展：信封envelop, 胶水glue, 笔pen, 墨水ink, 纸张paper 当成动词使用:1）Fogenvelopedthe house. 屋子笼罩在迷雾中。The smell of forestenvelopedus.森林的味道将我们包围。2）Her eyes weregluedto the screen. 她目不转睛地盯着屏幕。3）I intended topenthis letter to you early this morning.我本打算今天一大早给你写这封信的。4）The date for the meeting should havebeeninked in(= made definite) by now.开会的日期现在应该敲定了。5）We cant justpaper overthe cracks in our team.我们不能掩饰团队里的裂痕。4.These were extremely comfortable and in excellenttaste, with beautiful pictures on the walls andrichcarpets on the floor.1)taste n. 味道; 品味sb. has got excellent taste 有品味sb. has got poor/bad taste品味低下unique taste品味独特peculiar taste小众品味（指有点奇怪的品味）2) rich 的高格调内涵A. Wow, its got a rich flavor! 香味浓郁！B. The rich texture of the painting really impressed me.这幅画作的丰富质感给我留下了深刻的印象。C.The book provides a rich source of wisdom.这本书展现了深邃的智慧之源。D.I was deeply touched by the richness of the baritones voice.男中音浑厚深沉的嗓音深深打动了我。5. An evil man, you could see it in his face.他是个邪恶的人，从他的脸上一下子就能看出来。在下期的节目中，Jekyll博士收到一份奇怪的信，没有寄信人的地址，也没有投递者，这封信不知怎么回事就来到了Jekyll博士的实验室里。信到底是谁写的呢？杀人犯海德被警方绳之以法了吗？预知后事如何，且听下回分解。002.4丨化身博士：杰基尔博士收到一封信文段精讲1.Jekylls servant, Poole, let him in at once and took himthroughthe kitchen andacrossthe back gardentothe laboratorybehindthe house.仆人Poole马上让他进去，并领着他穿过厨房和后花园来到屋后面的实验室。The old servant led Mr Uttersonthroughthe laboratory andupsome stairstothe doctors private study above. 老仆人带他经过实验室，上楼来到博士的私人书房。分析：介词主导英语VS动词主导中文当我走进屋子的时候，他正在埋头看书，连头都不抬一下。When Ienteredthe room, he did notlook up fromhis books.up表示抬头，from暗示“之前是埋头的状态”。2.Agoodfire burned in the fireplace and beside it sat Doctor Jekyll, looking white and ill. In athin, tired voice he welcomed his friend.“thin不瘦fat不胖，good不好bad不坏”西式表达中“小词”的八面玲珑thin1) 薄a thin slice of bread切得薄薄的一片面包a thin coat of paint 一层刷得薄薄的油漆2)量少或者量变少His hair is a little thin on top. 他头顶的头发有点稀疏。My patience was running thin.I was becoming less patient.我变得有些不耐烦了。3）站不住脚的; 淡然的Her excuse is quite thin.她的借口基本站不住脚。He gave a thin smile.= a weak smile that does not seem sincere一个淡然不真心的微笑4) 人的嗓音时，表示“微弱的”、“有气无力的”fat1）肿起来的：a fat lip, 肿胀的嘴唇，尤其是因为受伤导致的的肿胀：He threatened to give me a fat lip.他威胁说要给我一双“香肠唇”（要揍我的意思）。2）丰厚的、大额的a fat salary丰厚的薪水a fat check 大额支票a fat profit 大额利润a fat fine 老大一张罚款单3）big fatThats abig fatlie!（对比Thats a lie.）那是个超级谎言！He came home with abig fatF on his report card.他带着个该死的“不及格”回家了。He smoked threebig fatcartonsof cigarettes in two days.他2天里整整抽了3条烟。good1) 上等的Outside it was foggy and dark, but the room was bright and warm and there was a bottle ofgoodwhisky on the table.外面雾气蒙蒙，阴冷幽暗，屋里却温暖而明亮，桌上还有一瓶上等的威士忌。2) 足足的He weighs a good 200 pounds.他足足有200磅重。We waited a good 12 weeks.我们足足等了12个星期。3）狠狠的、用力的，表程度加深What he needs is agoodkick in the ass.得有人狠狠踹他一顿屁股。（教训他一顿的意思）Take agoodlook at this photo.好好看看这张照片。We had agoodlaugh about itafterwards.事后，我们大笑了一场。bad1）程度加深词，表示“严重的”He has a bad cough. 他咳嗽咳得厉害。How bad is your pain? 你有多痛？你的痛有多严重？2）十分、非常He needs money and he needs it bad.他需要钱，非常急需。-Is he in love with her?- Oh yes, he got it bad.他是爱上她了吗？是的，他深陷其中不能自拔。3. Ive finished with him forever.绝交、一刀两断be done with sb.Hes a big fat liar, and Im done with him for good!他是个扯谎大王，我跟他从此一刀两断！for goodforever4. I am sorry that I have been so ungrateful in the past for your many generous acts, it beganPlease dont worry about meI am quite safe and I am certain thatI can escape unharmedwhenever I wish.1）主语补足语：专门来说明“主语是什么”或者“主语怎么样”。2）主语补足语在句中的位置：比较灵活That is a flying car！那是辆飞车！That house seems haunted！这栋屋子似乎闹鬼！3）主语补足语的位置，决定了文本基调Istood in front of her,much surprised. 我站在她跟前，惊呆了。对比：Istoodmuch surprisedin front of her.Snowlay on the frozen ground,white, thick and soft. 冻土上的积雪，又白又厚又柔软。对比：Snowlaywhite and thick and softon the frozen ground.Ican escapeunharmedwhenever I wish.只要我愿意，我随时可以安然脱身。对比：Ican escape whenever I wish,unharmed.5.The clerk put the two letters side by side and studied them carefully.he said. Very interesting. Guest把两封信并排放在一起，仔细比较，说道：“真有意思啊！”For a moment Mr Utterson hesitated,wondering and worrying.wonder and worrying：头韵修辞法6.At last heput his thoughts into words. 最后，他还是忍不住问了出来。put A into B：A,B两处可以摆放具象的抽象的对象，构成多元化含义He putsa lot of energyintohis work.他在工作中投入大量精力。She puther heartintothe letter.She expresses her feelings in a very open and honest way.她在信中字字真情流露。They puta lot of money into that company.他们在那家公司上投了很多钱。put his thoughts into words：把想法付诸于语言。7.他问Guest先生：Why did you look at the two letters together? he asked.你为什么要把两封信放在一起看呢？Well, sir, in many ways the two are surprisingly similar.这两封信的笔迹惊人地相似！How strange!Mr Guest, I must ask you not tospeak ofthis business to anyone.这太离奇了，Guest先生，请你千万不要把这事告诉任何人。speak of = tell，告诉在下期节目中，故事将推进至第二个小高潮，情节中一位重要的人物将会领饭盒谢幕，到底是谁被“写出剧本”了呢？预知后事如何，且听下回分解。课后练习：(请结合本讲中重点语言点并完成下面翻译练习)1. 小径蜿蜒行，穿村庄，越平原，攀山头。2. 她的论据站不住脚。3. 他的银行账户可是肥得流油。4. 是得有人好好扇马尔福几巴掌。（赫敏万岁！耶）5. 夜空中挂着一轮月亮，明亮、皎洁。6. 她的歌词写得真情实意。(霉霉万岁！耶)课后练习答案：1.The path zigzags through the village, across the plain and up the mountain.2.Her arguments stood rather thin.3.Hes got a fat bank account.4.Malfoy needs a good smack in the face.（Hermione rocks!）5.The moon hung in the night sky, bright and pale.6.She put her heart into the lyrics. (Taylor rules!)002.5丨化身博士：兰宁之死文段精讲Time passed. The search for Mr Hyde continued. Sir Danvers Carew was an important and popular man and the police tried desperately to arrest the murderer andbring him to trial. But there was no sign of Mr Hyde himself,although the police and the newspapers discovered a lot about his past life.Nobody,it seemed,could say one good word about the wanted man. He was a cruel,violent man,who had lived an evil life full of hate and jealousy.None of this,however,was any help to the police. Mr Hyde had just disappeared. As for Doctor Jekyll,he too appeared calmer and happier. He came out into the world again. He