2002年职称英语等级考试试题-综合类A级.doc

2002年职称英语等级考试试题-综合类A级笫l部分：词汇选项 (第115题，每题1分，共5分)下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。1 The price of vegetables fluctuates according to the weatherA jumps B risesC falls D changes2 Did you do that to irritate her?A tease B attractC annoy D protect3 Mary looked pale and wearyA ill B tiredC worried D peaceful4 The water in this part of the river has been contaminated by sewage(污水)A polluted B downgradedC mixed D blackened5 Her treatment of the subject is exhaustiveA very boring B verythoroughC very interesting D very touching6 Alice is a fascinating girlA a beautiful B a prettyC an attractive D a pleasant7 Her mood can be gauged by her reaction to the most trivial of incidents.A displayed B shownC proved D assessed8 The old lady let her flat to an English couple.A offered B rentedC provided D sold9 She stood there crying and trembling with fearA shaking B staggeringC struggling D murmuring10 They strolled around the lake for an hour or soA ran B rolledC walked D raced11 The conclusion can be deduced from the premisesA argued B derivedC permitted D come12 I can no longer tolerate his actions.A put up with B acceptC take D suffer from13 Our plan is to a11ocate one member of staff to handle appointmentsA ask B persuadeC assign D order14 She has been the subject of massive media coverage.A extensive B negativeC responsive D explosive15 I expect that she will be able to cater for your particular needsA supply B reachC provide D meet第2部分：阅读判断 （第1622题，每题1分，共7分）阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的信息是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。Coming Soonto a Theater Near You!What are special effects?Do you enjoy movies that use a lot of special effects？Dinosaurs(恐龙)from the distant past!Space battles from the distant future!There has been a revolution in special effects，and it has transformed the movies we see.The revolution began in the mid-1970s with George Lucass Star Wars，a film that stunned (使震惊)audiencesThat revolution continues to the present，with dramatic changes in special-effects technologyThe company behind these changes is Lucass Industrial Light%26amp; Magic (ILM)And the man behind the company is Dennis Muren，who has worked with Lucas since Star WarsMurens interest in special effects began very earlyAt the age of 6，he was photographing toy dinosaurs and spaceshipsAt 10，he had an 8-millimeter movie camera and was making these things move through stop-motion(Stop-motion is a process in which objects are shot with a cameramoved slightly,shot again，and so onWhen the shots are put together,the objecto appear to move.)Talk to Muren and youll understand what ILM is all about：taking on new challenges.By 1989，Muren decided he had pushed the old technology as far as it would go.He saw computer graphics(图像)(CG)technology as the wave of the future andtook a year off to master itWith CG technology,images can be scanned into a computer for processmg，tbr example，and many separate shots can be combined into a single imageCG technology has now reached the point，Muren says，where special effects can be used to do just about anything so that movies can tell stories bener than ever beforeThe huge success of Jurassic Park and its sequel(续集)，The Lost Word,the stars of which were computer-generated dinosaurs，suggests that this may very well be true.1 6 The special-effects revolution began in the mid-1980s with Star WarsA Right B Wrong C Not mentioned17 ILM is the company responsible for many of the changes in special- effects technologyA Right B Wrong C Not mentioned18 Dennis Muren started his schooling at a very early ageA Right B Wrong C Not mentioned19 At the age of 10，Muren was able to use computer graphics technology to make things moveA Right B Wrong C Not mentioned20 By the stop-motion process，many separate shots can be combined into a single image.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned21 Muren feels that with CG technology,special effects can be used to make movies more expressive.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned22 Todays film makers emphasize special effects at the expense of the story.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned第3部分：概括大意与完成句子 (第2330题，每题1分，共8分)阅读下面整蔓短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第2326题要求从所给的6个选项中为第25段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。Messages from the Media1The weather forecast，a story about the candidates in an election，and movie reviews are examples of messages from the mediaA communication medium，of which the-plural(复数的)form is media，is a means of communicating a messageExamples of media are television，radio,newspapers and books and the telephoneThe media that Can reach many people at once are called mass media2. It is not difficult to think of other messages we receive through the mass mediaEvery day we get hundreds of themThink about advertisements，for exampleWe see and hear these messages almost everywhere we goAdvertisements are important messages，even though they are sometimes annoyingThey help us compare and evaluate products3. Most ot us get more information from the media than from the classroomThinkfor a moment，about how you learn about local news and eventsDo you depend on other people or the media?What about international news?What is the most important source of information for you?People who are asked this question usually answer，Television4 Think of all the messages you received todayPerhaps you read a newspaper during breakfast，or maybe you read advertisements on billboards(露天广告牌)on your way to schoo1Did you listen to a weather forecast or the sports news on the radio this morning?Right now you are getting information through a very important medium of mass communication-a book5 We use the information we get from radio，television，newspapers，and other media to make decisions and form opinionsThat is why the mass media are so importantEditorials and articles in newspapers help us decide how to vote，consumer reports on television help us decide how to spend our money,and international news on the radio makes us think and form opinions about questions of war and peace23 Paragraph 224 Paragraph 325 Paragraph 426 Paragraph 5A lmportance of Classroom LearningB Television-A Rich Source of InformationC Advertisements as lmportant Messages from the Mass MediaD Various Messages One May Receive Each DayE Media-Means to Communicate MessagesF lmportance of the Mass Media27 Each day we get a lot ofmessages from .28 Television ,radio and books are all important media of .29 For most people television is the most important .30 The mass media arc important to US because they shape .A sports newsB our decisions and opinionsC mass communicationD our messagesE source of informationF the mass media第4部分：阅读理解(第3145题，每题3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。第一篇 Valuing ChildhoodThe value of childhood is easily blurred(变得模糊不清)in todays worldConsider some recent developments：The childmurderers in the Jonesboro，Arkschoolyard shooting case were convicted and sentencedTwo boys，7 arid 8，were charged in the murder of an 11-year-old girl in ChicagoChildren who commit horrible crimes appear to act of their own willYet，as legal proceedings in Jonesboro showed，the one boy who was able to address the court couldllt begin to explain his acts，though he tried to apologizeThere may have been a motiveyouthful jealousy(妒忌)and resentmentBut a deeper question remains：Why did these boys and others insimilar trouble apparently lack any inner,moral restraint?That question echoes for the accused in Chicago，young as they areThey wanted the girls bicycle，a selfish impulse cornmort enough among kidsRedemption(拯救)is a practical necessityHow can value be restored to young lives distorted by acts of violence? The boys in Jonesboro and in Chicago will be confined in institutions for a relatively short timeDespite horror at what was done，children are not-cannot be-dealt with as adults，not if a people wants to consider itself civilizedThats why politicianscries for adult treatment ofyouthful criminals ultimately miss the pointBut the moral void(真空)that invites violence has many sourcesFamily instability contributesSo does economic stressThat void，however,can be filledThe work starts with parents,who have to ask themselves whether theyre doing enough to give their children a firm sense of right and wrongAre they really monitoring their activities and their developing processes of thought?Schools，too，have a role in building characterSo do youth organizationsSo do youth entorcement agencies，which can do more to inform the young about laws，their meaning，and their observance(遵守)The goal，ultimately,is to allow all children a normal passage from childhood to adulthood(成年)，so that tragic gaps in moral judgement are less likely to occur.The relative few who fill such gaps with acts of violence hint at many others who dont go that far,but who 1ack the moral foundations childhood should provideand which progressive human society relies on31 The two boys in Chicago wereA shotB murderedC accusedD sentenced32 The boys in Jonesboro and Chicago apparently lacked a sense ofA right and wrongB disciplineC shameD safety33 According to politicians，when children commit crimes，they should be treated in the same way asA murderersB criminalsC victimsD adults34 Which of the following does the writer cite as a source of moral void?A Official corruptionB Social injusticeC Family instabilityD Racial discrimination35 Which of the statements is NOT true according to this passage?A Parents should strengthen moral instructionB Schools should help create a moral sense in childrenC Law enforcement agencies should do more to help children understand laws.D Youth organizations play no role in building character第二篇 Characteristics of PublieityPublicity offers several benefitsThere are no costs for message time or space.An ad in prime-time television may cost$250，000 to$500，000 or more per minute，whereas a five-minute report on a network newscast would not cost anythingHowever,there are costs for news releases, a publicity department，and other itemsAs with advertising，publicity reaches a mass audience.Within a short time，new products or company policies are widely knownLine 5Credibility about messages is high，because they are reported in independent media.A newspaper review of a movie has more believability than an ad in the same paper,because the reader associates independence with objectivitySimilarly,people are more likely to pay attention to news reports than to adsFor example，The Womens Wear Daily has both fashion reports and advertisementsReaders spend time reading the stories，but they flip through(浏览)the adsFurhermore，there may be 10 commercials during a half-hour television program or hundreds of ads in a magazineFeature stories are much fewer in number and stand out clearlyPublicity also has some significant limitationsA firm has little control over messages，their timing，their placement，or their coverage by a given mediumIt may issue dctailed news releases and find only portions cited by the media；and media have the ability to be much more critical than a company would likeFor examplein 1 982，Procter%26amp;Gamble faced a substantial publicity problem over the meaning of its 123-year-old company logo(标志)A few ministers and other private citizens believed that the symbol was sacrilegious(亵渎的)These beliefs were covered extensively by the media and resulted in the firm receiving 1 5，000 phone calls about the rumor in June alone.To combat this negative publicity,the firm issued news releases featuring prominent clergy(神父) that refuted(消除)the rumors，threatened to sue(控告)those people spreading the stories，and had a spokesperson appear on Good Morning AmericaThe mediacooperated with the company and the false rumors were temporarily put to restHowever, in 1985，negative publicity became so disruptive that Procter%26amp;Gamble decided to remove the logo from its productsA firm may want publicity during certain periods，such as when a new product is introduced or new store openedbut the media may not cover the introduetion or openmg until after the time it would aid the firmSimilarly,the media determine the placement of a story；it may follow areport on crime or sports.Finally,the media determine whether to cover a story at all and the amount of coverage to be devoted to itA company-sponsored jobs program might go unreported or receive threesentence coverage in a local newspaper36 The wordmassin Line 5 could best be replaced byA groupedB crowdedC gatheredD large37 The second paragraph implies that people are more likely to believe storiesA in a newspaper than in a womens dailyB in a newspaper than in a magazineC in an independent newspaper than in a dependent newspaperD in a magazine than in a local newspaper38 According to the passage，which of the following statements is true?A A firm can control and time publicity accuratelyB A firm can neither control nor time publicity accuratelyC A firm can either control or time publicity accuratelyD In most cases a firm can control and time publicity accurately39 The example in Paragraph 4 is intended to demonstrateA the power of publicityB the victim of publicityC the terrible effects of rumorsD the vulnerability of people to publicity40 The passage implies thatA the placement of a story is not quite importantB the report of a crime may not be trueC local newspapers are not interested in company-sponsored programs.D publicity is not always necessary第三篇 Effects of Environmental PollutionIf poilution continues to increase at the present rate，formation of aerosols(浮质)in the atmosphere will cause the onset(开始)of an ice age in about fifty yearstimeThis conclusion,reached by Dr SIRasool and Dr SHSchneider of the United States Goddard Space Flight Centre，answers the apparently conflicting questions of whether an increase in the carbon dioxide (二氧化碳)content of the atmosphere will cause the Earth to warm up or increasing the aerosol content will cause it to cool downThe Ameficans have shown conclusively that the aerosol question is dominantTwo spectres haunting conservationists have been the prospect that environmental pollution might 1ead to the planets becoming unbearably hot or coldOne of these ghosts has now been 1aidbecause it seems that even an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere to eight times its present value will produce an increase in temperature of only 2.which would take place over several thousand yearsBut the other problem now looms larger than everAerosols are collections of small liquid or solid particles dispersed in air or some other mediumThe particles are all so tiny that each is composed of only a few hundred atomsBecause of this they can float in the air for a very long timePerhaps the most commonly experienced aerosol is industrial smog(烟雾)ofthe kind that plagued London in the 1950s and is an even greater problem in Los Angeles todayThese collections of aerosols reflect the Suns heat and thereby cause the Earth to coolDr Rasool and Dr Schneider have calculated the exact effect of a dust aerosollayer just above the Earths surface in the temperature of the planetAs the layer builds upthe present delicate balance between the amount of heat absorbed from the Sun and the amount radiated from the Earth is disturbedThe aerosol layer not only reflects much of the Suns light but alsotransmits the infrhred(红外线的)radiation from belowSo，while the heat input to the surface dropsthe loss of heat remains high until the planet cools to a new balanced stateWithin fifty years，if no steps are taken to stop the spread of aerosols in the atmosphere，a cooling of the Earth by as much as 3.5. seems inevitableIf that lasts for only a few years it would start another ice age，and because the growing ice caps at each pole would themselves reflect much of the Suns radiation it would probably continue to develop even if the aerosollayer were destroyedThe only bright spot in this gloomy forecast lies in the hope expressed by Dr Rasool and Dr Schneider that nuclear power may replace fossil fuels in time to prevent the aerosol content of the atmosphere from becoming critical4l The authors main purpose in writing the article is to warn ofA warm weatherB hot weatherC a new ice ageD a new iceberg42 The wordspeciesin the second paragraph is closest in meaning toA pollutionB carbondioxideC aerosolsD ghosts43 We learn from the third paragraph thatA London was plagued with rats in the 1950sB London is covered with smog todayC London was polluted by smog in the 1950sD Los Angeles is as heavily polluted today as London was in the 1950s44 What