2008天津大学研究生英语期末考试试题.doc

ENGLISH PROFICIENCY EXAMFOR NON-ENGLISH MAJOR POSTGRADUATE STUDENTSTIANJIN UNIVERSITYJan. 23rd, 2008PART 1: Listening Comprehension (10%)Section A (5%)Directions: In this section, you will hear 2 long conversations and 1 short passage. The conversations and passage will be read only ONCE. At the end of each conversation or the passage, there will be questions. After each question there will be a pause. You must read the 4 suggested answers marked A, B, C, and D, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation:1.A. Because she hasnt got ready yet.B. Because she is waiting for David.C. Because she is waiting for a taxi to pick her up.D. Because it is raining very hard.2.A. They are going to see film downtown.B. They are going to call on the Johnsons.C. They are packing and going on their holiday.D. They are going to buy an umbrella.3.A. It was left in Davids office.B. It was left in Kates office.C. It was lost in the train some day.D. It was left with the Johnsons.Questions 4 to 6 are based on the following conversation:4.A. Doctor and nurse.B. Librarian and library patron.C. Forest ranger and hiker.D. Nurse and patient.5.A. Saturday.B. Sunday.C. Monday.D. Tuesday.6.A. An allergy to animals.B. A reaction to toxic chemicals.C. An allergy to food.D. Contact with a noxious plant.Questions 7 to 10 are based on the following passage:7.A. They are the highest.B. They are most challenging and popular.C. They are covered by snow all the year round.D. They are like paradise.8.A. Anxious and worried.B. bored and unwilling.C. nervous and confused.D. amazed and excited.9.A. Interesting and exciting.B. He did not mention.C. They went there by plane.D. He thought the journey was too long.10.A. In a large, clean hotel.B. In a small, tidy hotel.C. In a small house with a back yard.D. In a large, cozy house with no back yard.Section B (5%)Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage THREE times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from （1） to （5） with the exact words or expressions you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.Good evening. I know many of you students are the proud owners of your first motor vehicle and this evening I want to talk to you about some of the things you can do to make sure your car or motorbike isnt stolen. Ill (1) _ to put you in the picture. Car theft is a widespread problem. In this country alone one car is stolen every 32 seconds. Thats almost a million cars each year. And of those, (2) _. And dont think that just because your car might be a bit old and beaten-up no one will steal it. Any car can be stolen. Anywhere.Most thefts occur in residential areas, often from the front of the house or even from inside the garage. Some areas that are especially dangerous are shopping centers and (3) _. Most car thieves dont need to break into the car. They usually gain entry through unlocked doors and many times they find the key in the ignition. In fact, (4) _ in the car. Isnt that amazing? Twenty per cent of drivers left the keys in the ignition of an unlocked car.Who steals cars? Well, there are basically two kinds of car or bike thieves: joy-riders aged about 15 to 21, and professionals. This last group usually needs less than one minute to break into a locked car and they often steal cars to (5) _. You are much less likely to get your car back if its stolen by a professional, and if its stolen by a joy-rider chances are itll be a wreck when you do get it back. Joy-riders have a very high accident rate.PART II: Vocabulary (5%)Directions: In this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.11Traditionally it is a peaceful event, without _ between police and what they describe as the hippy convoy.A. connectionB. exchangeC. interactionD. confrontation12. Unlike hackers, who gain unauthorized _ to computer or telecommunication systems for the challenge or even the principle of it, crackers do so for malicious purposes. A. passwordB. entryC. accessD. approach13. Compared to voter participation rates of citizens in other democracies, participation in American elections is low; slightly more than 50 percent of those _ participate in national presidential elections. A. eligibleB. availableC. feasibleD. accessible14. There has been much opposition from some social groups, _ from the farming community. A. straightforwardlyB. notablyC. virtuallyD. exceptionally15. They swore their _ to the nation and received their naturalization papers. A. allegianceB. immensityC. obligationD. responsibility16. These questions _ a challenge to the established attitude of superiority toward the outside world. A. evolvedB. arousedC. toleratedD. constituted17. With his right-wing views, and close _ to the military, hed long been regarded as a sworn enemy of the people. A. emotionB. communicationC. affiliationD. reaction18. When she first visited South-West Africa in 1947 as an investigative journalist, she helped reveal the _ conditions under which blacks were forced to work. A. exoticB. appallingC. terrificD. toxic19. The number of old people is on the rise, and with this fact comes the number of people with _ disease associated more with old age. A. cancerB. incurableC. severeD. chronic20. To most supervisors, dishonest or _ employees pose a great problem to computer security, for they may use their skills and knowledge to seek revenge for real or imagined wrongs, such as being passed over for promotion. A. grudgingB. disgruntledC. disagreeingD. grumblePART III. Cloze (5%)Directions: In this part of the test, youll read an incomplete passage with 10 blanks. Read the passage carefully, and choose the best answer from choices marked A, B, C and D. Then on your ANSWER SHEET, find the number of the question and mark your answer with a single line through the center.How are the university awards obtained in the Great Britain? There are those which are given for the _(21)_ completion of course work and examination. The two best known examples of these awards are the BA (Bachelor of Arts) and the BSc (Bachelor of Science) at undergraduate level. These are sometimes called “first degree”, for the obvious reason that they are the _(22)_ award that a student is likely to be given by the university. There are over 5000 degree subjects and combinations of subjects _(23)_ at universities throughout Britain. Bachelor-level degrees are normally given at the end of three or four years course work.Next, there are those degrees which a university gives for the successful completion of a piece of _(24)_. The MA (Master of Arts), the MSc (Master of Science) and the MBA (Master of Business Administration) are the ones most frequently awarded here at postgraduate level. At one time these degrees were awarded _(25)_ for the completion of research work, but over the past twenty years or so a large number of additional Master degrees have been introduced which combine a quite small piece of research with a _(26)_ amount of course work on which the student is examined. The Ph.D (Doctor of Philosophy), the most prestigious research degree is, _(27)_, awarded for a piece of research which shows great depth and considerable originality. It is expected to make a significant _(28)_ to our knowledge of and understanding of a problem. It usually involves at least four years full-time research.Thirdly, and the least commonly, there are the honorary degrees. These are, for example, the Doctor of Letter, the Doctor of Science or the Doctor of Laws. These awards may bein fact often are awarded to people who have _(29)_ been to university at all. They are very often in fact given to people who have distinguished themselves in some field of non-academic activity outside. Thus the university may wish to _(30)_ a famous writer by giving him a Doctor of Letter or a famous politician by giving him or her a Doctor of Laws. 21.A. satisfactoryB. satisfyingC. satisfiedD. satisfy22.A. bestB. firstC. goodD. easiest23.A. obtainedB. offeredC. presentedD. provided24.A. surveyB. investigationC. researchD. work25.A. onlyB. butC. beforeD. soon26.A. unthinkableB. possibleC. predictableD. substantial27.A. on the other handB. consequentlyC. above allD. straightforwardly28.A. devotionB. prescriptionC. subscriptionD. contribution29.A. wellB. neverC. everD. once30.A. honorB. awardC. offerD. affordPart IV. Reading Comprehension (15%)Directions: In this part of the test, there are 3 passages. After each passage there are 5 questions or unfinished statements followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that can best answer the question or complete the statement, and then on your ANSWER SHEET, find the number of the question and mark your answer with a single line through the center.Passage 1 Finding meaning in work has been the pet phrase of my generation, the generation that included the first Peace Corps workers, the first American soldiers to die without the whole-hearted support of the folks back home, the first Civil Rights workers; and the first computer geeks, the first junk bond traders, the first everyday millionaires.As an information-based society replaces a manufacturing-based society, workers question how their work matters, much the same as displaced farmhands sought meaning on the assembly line two generations ago. Keystrokes, screen blips, bits and bytes of data do not have the satisfying look and feel of accomplishment. The depersonnelized millennium is here.My work in the job placement field puts me at the intersection where job seekers meet business priorities at cross-purposes. My job is to pave the ramp for my clients, people with disabilities. For most of the people I see, getting to the point of being ready to look for work has been a major journey.The younger workers have struggled to obtain an education while learning to accommodate to a physical or mental disability. They have encountered discrimination. Some of them are entering professions where they have already been told, “You cant do that.”Older workers I see are coping with a disability that has developed gradually with age or suddenly in an accident. For many of these, the shift from being able-bodied to being “one of those disabled people” is pretty hard. The stress on them and their families is incredible.For these workers, todays robust economy provides a good chance. Employers are often willing to take a moment to consider the benefits of hiring workers with disabilities. When an applicant has an opportunity to display his or her abilities and to demonstrate to an employer how those abilities match the employers needs, hiring often occurs. It is not different for applicants with disabilities.One of the reasons my job is so satisfying is that I have the chance to stand beside my clients while they go through their transformation from dependence to independence. For some, the first steps are tentative, filled with wonder, like Mary, who said, when we had finished her resume, “You make me sound so special, like someone they would want to hire.” For others, that first meeting can be difficult, as we feel each other out and they make the decision to trust.Most of my clients do succeed in finding employment; some even find meaningful work with the first job. Part of the work we do together is designed to discover, in the pros and cons of the new position, What meaning the position may produce for my client; and to set the client up to expect and to recognize the jobs intrinsic rewards.The fun part is the celebration, when my client calls to say, “Guess what?” Even when there is no call, when I hear later that the client told someone, “I got this job all by myself,” I am satisfied, because that is the sound of independence.31. We can infer from this passage that _ . A. people engaged in farm work easily find job satisfactionB. manufacturing workers find it hard to get job satisfactionC. a sense of accomplishment is essential to job satisfaction.D. as society changes, peoples view of job satisfaction changes too32. What do we learn about the author from this passage? A. He is disabled. B. He often encounters discrimination.C. He helps disabled people find jobs.D. Hes dissatisfied with his employer. 33. For a disabled person to find employment, he has to _ . A.demonstrate that his abilities match the needs of the employerB.prepare a resume that sounds special to the prospective employerC.meet with a job placement worker to weigh the pros and cons of the position D.accommodate to his physical or mental disability 34. One of the reasons why the author finds his job satisfying is that _ . A.he can help his clients to enter professions where they have already been refusedB. he helps his clients overcome the incredible stress on themselves and their familiesC. he can prepare for this clients a resume that attracts prospective employersD. he sees his clients go through the transformation from dependence to independence35. What does the client mean when he calls to say “Guess what”? A. Hes found meaning in work.B. Hes got the job he desired. C. Hes got a job all by himself.D. Hes going to hold a celebration.Passage 2The century we left behind was a remarkable century, full of triumphs, and full of tragedies. The tragedies included the two most destructive wars in history, as well as a cold war. Indeed, if deterrence had not worked, the Cold War could have led to the supreme tragedy, a nuclear holocaust that would have ended civilization. But the triumph was that deterrence did work, and we did survive the Clod War. The twentieth century also saw the collapse of many of the great European monarchies and the tragic emergence of fascism and other forms of dictatorships. But by the end of the century, democracy was on the rise, surely a hopeful note on which to begin the new century. The twentieth century also gave the United States the Great Depression, an economic tragedy of unprecedented depth, length, and extent. Indeed, its consequences were so profound that it raised questions about the viability（生存性）of the free market system. But by the end of the century, market economics was in ascendancy everywhere. It is well established and clearly successful in North America, and Southeast Asia, Japan, and the Tiger countries, and is rapidly evolving in China, South America, and South Asia.And the century saw unprecedented developments in technology: airplanes and helicopters; missiles and space vehicles; radio and television; computers and the Internet; antibiotics and bioengineering; nuclear fission and nuclear fusion. All of these remarkable developments were a product of the twentieth century. The tragedy was that this technology was used to create weapons of unprecedented destructive power. To date we have avoided the widespread use of these weapons, which is a qualified triumph. But the unqualified triumph of technology is that it has created vast amounts of new wealth, thereby fueling the economic engine that has brought an unprecedented prosperity to much of the world. And there is much more to come; the computer and semiconductor revolutions still have a full head of steam. And the remarkable and explosive growth we have seen these past few years in the Internet is only the tip of an iceberg. Even though the Internet is the subject of extravagant investments and excessive publicity, it is unlikely that we are overestimating the transforming power of the information revolution it is spearheading. Five hundred years after the information revolution brought on by the introduction of the printing press, we truly have started a new information revolution. And no one yet fully grasps just how profound the economic, social, and political consequences of the new information age that we are now entering will be.36. According to the author, what prevented the destruction of human civilization? A. Unprecedented development of technology.B. The triumph of democracy.C. The defeat of fascism.D. Nuclear deterrence.37. When the Great Depression came, many people thought _ . A. it was the supreme human tragedyB. fascism would triumph over democracyC. the free market system could not surviveD. nothing short of a revolution could end the crisis38. What does the author mean by “market economics was in ascendancy”? A. Market economics was rapidly developing.B. Market economics was quite successful.C. Market economics was predominant.D. Market economics was swell established.39. What is the unqualified triumph of the technology of the 20th century? A. It has led to a remarkable and explosive growth of the Internet.B. It has helped avoid the widespread use of atomic weapons.C. It has brought wealth to the greater part of the world.D. It has brought on a new information revolution.40. What does the author think o