2009年全国职称英语考试模拟试题.doc

2009年全国职称英语考试模拟试题:综合类(A级)发布时间:2008-11-12关键词：职称英语 点击：推荐 学习 买书 交流1. I have been trying to quit smoking. A. give up B. pick up C. build up D. take up2. Relief workers were shocked by what they saw.A. moved B. touched C. surprised D. worried 3. The weather is a constant subject of conversation in Britain.A. question B. problem C. title D. topic 4. This is not typical of English, but is a feature of the Chinese language.A. particular B. characteristic C. remarkable D. idiomatic 5. It is virtually impossible to persuade him to apply for the joB.A. simply B. almost C. totally D. completely 6. These are defensive behavior patterns which derive from our fears.A. stem B. rely C. develop D. grow 7. Only a small minority of the mentally ill are liable to harm themselves or others.A. easy B. possible C. likely D. difficult 8. They have the capability to destroy the enemy in a few days.A. possibility B. necessity C. ability D. probability9. We have never seen such gorgeous hills.A. beautiful B. stretching C. spreading D. rolling10. The leaves have been swept into huge heaps.A. loads B. layers C. pyramids D. piles 11. The news will horrify everyone.A. attract B. terrify C. tempt D. excite12. The article sketched the major events of the decade.A. described B. offered C. outlined D. presented 13. I wont tolerate that kind of behavior.A. bear B. receive C. admit D. take 14. Their style of playing football is utterly different.A. barely B. scarcely C. hardly D. totally15. Her sister urged her to apply for the job.A. advised B. caused C. forced D. promised 答案1.A 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.B 6.A 7.C 8.C 9.A 10.D 11.B 12.C 13.A 14.D 15.A第二部分：阅读判断（每题1分，共七分）阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了七个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑Plants and MankindBotany, the study of plants, occupies a peculiar position in the history of human knowledge. We dont know what our Stone Age ancestors knew about plants, but from what we can observe of preindustrial societies that still exist, a detailed learning of plants and their properties must be extremely ancient. This is logical. Plants are the basis of the food pyramid for all living things, even for other plants. They have always been enormously important to the welfare of people, not only for food, but also for clothing, weapons, tools, dyes, medicines, shelter, and many other purposes. Tribes living today in the jungle of the Amazon recognize hundreds of plants and know many properties of each. To them botany has no name and is probably not even recognized as a special branch of knowledge at all.Unfortunately, the more industrialized we become the farther away we move from direct contact with plants, and the less distinct our knowledge of botany grows. Yet everyone comes unconsciously on an amazing amount of botanical knowledge, and few people will fail to recognize a rose, an apple, or an orchid. When our Neolithic ancestors, living in the Middle East about 10,000 years ago, discovered that certain grasses could be harvested and their seeds planted for richer yields the next season, the first great step in a new association of plants and humans was taken. Grains were discovered and from them flowed the marvel of agriculture: cultivated crops. From then on, humans would increasingly take their living from the controlled production of a few plants, rather than getting a little here and a little there from many varieties that grew wild and the accumulated knowledge of tens of thousands of years of experience and intimacy with plants in the wild would begin to fade away . 1. It is logical that a detailed learning of plants and their properties must be extremely ancient. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned2. People can not survive without plants. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned3. Tribes living today in the jungle of the Amazon teach botany to their children at school.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned4. Our direct contact with plants grows with the process of industrialization. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned5. Today people usually acquire a large amount of botanical knowledge from textbooks. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned6. People living in the Middle East first learned to grow plants for food about 10,000 years ago. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned7. Once mankind began farming, they no longer had to get food from many varieties that grew wild. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned参考答案:1 A。 该问题句说“对植物和它们的特征进行详细地研究一定是从远古开始的，这种说法是合理的。” 答案查找的线索词：a detailed learning(详细地研究)和properties(特征) 。从第一段开始查找，不难在第一段的第四行找到含有该线索词的相关句。对照原文和问题句，不难发现原文的说法与问题句的主句相符，且在原句后有“this is logical”，而this作为代词回指前句（相关句），所以答案正确。2 A。 该问题句说“人们离开了植物不能生存。”，这句话依据常识判断应是正确的。但为了安全起见，也可用上述的方法确认答案。答案查找的线索词：survive(生存)或其近义词。不难在第一段的第五行找到相关句。对照原文和问题句，不难发现原文的说法与问题句的主句相符：原句说“植物是所有生物，甚至是其它植物的的食物金字塔的基础”，所以答案正确。3 B。该问题句说“生活在亚马逊河丛林里的部落给他们的孩子在学校里教授植物学。”。答案查找的线索词：tribes(部落) 和Amazon(亚马逊河)（地名是典型的答案线索词） 。不难从第一段的倒数第四行找到相关句群。对照原文和问题句，不难发现原文的说法与问题句的主句不相符：原句说“他们的词汇中还没有植物学这个词，甚至可能不承认植物学是门专门的知识”，所以答案不正确。4 B。该问题句说“我们直接与植物的接触随着工业革命的进程而加深。”。这句话依据常识判断应是不正确的。但为了安全起见，也可用上述的方法确认答案。答案查找的线索词：the process of industrialization(工业革命的进程)（专有名词是典型的答案线索词） 。不难在第二段的首句找到含有相关线索词（industrialized）的相关句。对照原文和问题句，不难发现原文的说法与问题句的主句不相符：原句说“工业话的程度越高，我们与植物的直接接触就越少”，所以答案不正确。5 B。该问题句说“现在人们大部分的植物知识通常是从书本上获得。”。答案查找的线索词：Botanical knowledge (植物学知识)。不难在第二段的第三行找到含有相关句。对照原文和问题句，不难发现原文的说法与问题句的主句不相符：原句说 “人们是无意识地获取了大量的植物学知识。”，所以答案不正确。6A。该问题句说“大约在10，000年以前，生活在中东的人最先学会了种植农作物。”。答案查找的线索词：10，000 （数字是典型的答案线索词）。不难在第二段的第五行找到含有相关句。对照原文和问题句，不难发现原文的说法与问题句的主句相符：原句中虽然并没有使用learn to grow (学会种植) 而是用discover（发现），但在随后的一句中说 “从他们开始谷物被发现了，而且出现了农业的奇迹 -种植农业。”，所以答案正确。7 B。该问题句说“人们一旦开始耕种就不在需要依靠野生植物来获取食物。”。这句话依据常识判断应是不正确的。但为了安全起见，也可用上述的方法确认答案。可以推测这道题的相关句应在第六题的先关句之后，原文中只是说“他们不断地从少数的弄耕作物中获取食物。”，而少数的弄耕作物据推测应并不能满足那时人们的需要，所以答案不正确。第三部分：概括大意与完成句子 （每题1分，共8分）阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：（1）1-4 题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2-5 段每段选择1个正确的小标题；（2）第5-8题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确的选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。More Than 8 Hours Sleep Too Much of a Good ThingAlthough the dangers of too little sleep are widely known，new research suggests that people who sleep too much may also suffer the consequencesInvestigators at the University of California in San Diego found that people who clock up 9 or 10 hours each weeknight appear to have more trouble falling and staying asleep，as well as a number of other sleep problems，than people who sleep 8 hours a nightPeople who slept only 7 hours each night also said they had more trouble falling asleep and feeling refreshed after a nights sleep than 8-hour sleepersThese findings, which DL Daniel Kripke reported in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine, demonstrate that people who want to get a good nights rest may not need to set aside。more than 8 hours a nightHe added that“it might be a good ideafor people who sleep more than 8 hours each night to consider reducing the amount of time they spend in bed, but cautioned that more research is needed to confirm thisPrevious studies have shown the potential dangers of chronic shortages of sleep一for instance, one report demonstrated that people who habitually sleep less than 7 hours each night have a higher risk of dying within a fixed period than people who sleep moreFor the current report，Kripke reviewed the responses of 1，004 adults to sleep questionnaires，in which participants indicated how much they slept during the Week and whether they experienced any sleep problemsSleep problems included waking in the middle of the night，arising early in the morning and being unable to fall back to sleep，and having fatigue interfere with day-to-day functioningKriDke found that people who slept between 9 and 10 hours each night were more likely to report experiencing each sleep problem than people who slept 8 hoursIn an interview, Kripke noted that long sleepers may struggle to get rest at night simply because they spend too much time in bedAs evidence，he added that one way to help insomnia is to spend less time in bed“It stands to reason that if a person spends too long a time in bed, then theyll spend a higher percentage of time awake”he said1. Paragraph 2 _. 2. Paragraph 4_.3. Paragraph 5_.4. Paragraph 6_.A. Keprikes research toolB. Dangers of Habitual shortages of sleepC. Criticism on Kripkes reportD. A way of overcoming insomniaE. Sleep problems of long and short sleepersF. Classification of sleep problems5To get a good nights rest，people may not need to _.6Long sleepers are reported to be more likely to_.7 One of the sleep problems is waking in the middle of the night，unable to_. 8. One survey showed that people who habitually _each night have a higher risk of dyingA fall asleep again B become more energetic the following dayC sleep less than 7 hoursD confirm those serious consequencesE suffer sleep problemsF sleep more than 8 hours参考答案:1. E： Investigators .found that people who clock up 9 or 10 hours each weeknight appear to have more trouble falling, than.该句回应了文章的主题睡眠时间太长不是好事；对应被选项发现只有E和F与这个内容有关系，但段落最后一句中又提到了睡眠不足的人的问题，因此判断E是答案（睡眠长和睡眠短的人所面临的睡眠问题）。 2。B分析：段落的结构- Previous studies have shown the potential dangers of chronic shortages of sleep一for instance.表明了该段的中心是讲述“长期睡眠不足的潜在危险”3. A 分析：对于该段落答案的选择具有一定的迷惑性，A和F容易相互成为干扰项，但由于段落中提到的“睡眠问题”是属于问卷上要回答的内容，是和Keprike的直接研究有关，所以判断A是答案。同时猜测F可能是干扰项4. D： 段落中出现的Kripke found， Kripke noted和he added表明“Kripke的观点和态度应该是该段的中心”，对比被选项排除C（段落中没有出现批评的话语）和F（段落中没有具体提到睡眠问题的表现形式），而段落最后第2句提到了克服失眠的方法少花时间在床上，与D呼应。5F分析：根据搭配结构need to do sth.判断所有选项都在语法上合适。借助搭配句意：“为了获得晚上好的休息，人们没有必要。”判断F（睡眠超过8小时）。6E分析：借助搭配句意：“睡眠时间长的人根据报道更有可能。”，并结合文章主题睡眠时间长不是好事情，判断E合适。也可借助文章中的相关内容（利用题干中的Long sleepers和more likely 作为答案线索）：KriDke found that people who slept between 9 and 10 hours each night were more likely to report experiencing each sleep problem than people who slept 8 hours7 A 分析：借助搭配句意：“其中的一个睡眠问题是在午夜醒来，不能。”，直接判断A（再次入睡）合适。8. C分析：借助搭配句意：“一项调查显示那些习惯性每晚.的人有更高的死亡风险。”第四部分：阅读理解（每题3分，共45分）下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。第1篇Some things we know about languageMany things about language are a mystery, and many will always remain SOBut somethings we do knowFirst，we know that all human beings have a language of some sortThere is no race of men anywhere on earth so backward that it has no language，no set of speech sounds by which the people communicate with one motherFurthermore，in historical times，there has never been a race of men without a language Second，there is no such thing as a primitive languageThere are many people whosecultures are undeveloped，who are，as we say，uncivilized, but the languages they speak are not primitiveIn all known 1anguages we can see complexities that must have been tens of thousands of years in developingThis has not always been well understood；indeed, the direct contrary has often been statedPopular ideas of the 1anguage of the American Indians will illustrateMany people have supposed that the Indians communicated in a very primitive system of noisesStudy has proved this to be nonsenseThere are，or were，hundreds of American Indian languages，and a11 of them turn out to be very complicated and very old. They are certainly different from the languages that most of us are familiar with，but they are no more primitive five than English and GreekA third thing we know about language is that all languages are perfectly adequateThat is, each one is a perfect means of expressing the culture of the people who speak the languageFinally, we know that language changesIt is natural and normal for language to change；the only languages which do not change are the dead onesThis is easy to understand if we look backward in timeChange goes on in all aspects of languageGrammatical features change as do speech sounds，and changes in vocabulary are sometimes very extensive and may occur very rapidlyVocabulary is the least stable part of any language词汇：racen种族primitiveadj原始的uncivilizedadj不开化的，落后的complexityn复杂性，复杂现象nonsensen胡说，没有根据的话extensiveadj广泛的vocabularyn词汇练习：1 In the second paragraph the author thinks thatA)some backward race doesnt have a language of its ownB)some race in history didnt possess a language of its ownC)any human race，whether backward or not，has a languageD)some races on earth call communicate without language2According to the author, people of undeveloped cultures can have_ languages.A)complicatedB)uncivilizedC)primitiveD)wellknown3The author has used American Indian languages as an example to show that they areA)just as old as some well-known languagesB)just as sophisticated as some well-known languagesC)more developed than some well-known languagesD)more complex than some well-known languages4. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A)A language is a means of expressing a particular cultureB)All languages can well express their respective culturesC)American Indian languages are as sophisticated as EnglishD)Some languages are better than other languages5 According to the author, language changes are most likely to occur inA)grammarB)pronunciationC)vocabularyD)intonation第2篇Stress Level Tied to Education LevelPeople with less education suffer fewer stressful days, according to a report in the current issue of the Journal of Health and Social BehaviorHowever, the study also found that when 1ess-educated people did suffer stress it was more severe and had a larger impact on their healthFrom this。researchers have concluded that the day-to-day factors that cause stress are not randomr11ere you are in society determines the kinds of problems that you have each day, and how well you will cope with themThe research team interviewed a national sample of 103 1 adults daily for eight days about their stress level and healthPeople without a high school diploma reported stress on 30 percent of the study days，people with a high school degree reported stress 38 percent of the time，and people with college degrees reported stress 44 percent of the timeLess advantaged people are less healthy on a daily basis and are more likely to have downward turns in their health。”lead researcher DrJoseph Grzywacz，of Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center, said in a prepared statement“The downward turns in health were connected with daily stressorsand the effect of daily stressors on their health is much more devastating for the less advantaged”Grzywacz suggested follow-up research to determine why less-educated people report fewer days of stress when it is known their stress is more acute and chronic“If something happens every day, maybe itsnot seen as a stressor”Grzywacz says“Maybe it is just 1ife”词汇：stressful adj紧张的；压力重的diploma n毕业文凭，毕业证书stressor n紧张刺激物devastating adj毁灭性的follow-up n(对病人的)随访1 Stress level is closely related toA)family sizeB)social statusC)body weightD)work experience2The 103 1 adults were interviewedA)on adaily basis for 8daysB)during one of eight daysC)all by GrzywaczD)in groups3 Which group reported the biggest number of stressful days?A)People without any educationB)People without high school degreesC)People with high school degreesD)People with college degrees4The less advantaged people are，the greaterA)the impact of stress on their health isB)the effect of education on their health isC)the level of their education isD)the degree of their health concern is5Lesseducated people report fewer days of stress possibly becauseA)they dont want to tell the truthB)they dont want to face the truthC)stress is too common a factor in their lifeD their stress is more acute第3篇Adaptation of Living ThingsCertain animals and plants develop characteristics that help them cope with their environment better than others of their kind. This natural biological process is called adaptation. Among the superior characteristics developed through adaptation are those that may help in getting food or shelter, in providing protection, and in producing and protecting the young. That results in the evolution of more and more organisms that are better fitted to their environments.Each living thing is adapted to its way of life in a general way, but each is adapted especially to its own distinct class. A plant, for example, depends upon its roots to fix itself firmly and to absorb water and inorganic chemicals. It depends upon its green leaves for using the suns energy to make food from inorganic chemicals. These are general adaptations, common to most plants. In addition, there are special adaptations that only certain kinds of plants have.Many animals have adaptations that help them escape from their enemies. Some insects are hidden by their body color or shape, and many look like a leaf or a little branch. The coats of deer are colored to mix with the surroundings. Many animals have the ability to remain completely still when an enemy is near.Organisms have a great variety of ways of adapting. They may adapt in their structure, function, and genetics; in their development and production of the young; and in other respects. An organism may create its won environment, as do warm-blooded mammals, which have the ability to adjust body heat exactly to maintain their ideal temperature despite changing weather. Usually adaptations are an advantage, but sometimes an organism is so well adapted to a particular environment that, if conditions