钢铁工业的信息化(英文版)(doc 7页).doc

外文文献：Steal industry: Informatization building is matureSince the secnond half of 2008, the steal industry in our country had suffered a serious struck brought by international finacial crisis. The markets and demands and the prices declined so sharply that leaded to much loss in the whole industry, making steal companies face up to unprecedented serious challeges. A principal of steal production corporation who was unwilling to reveal his name said to the journalist of China Electrical Newspaper: the international finacial crisis made a unprecedented shock to the wholeindustry, and no enterprises could remain perfect, however, because the informatization came into enforcement and the effect was reduced in a certain.It is said by this person that they saled products to customs by agent converters before, and then they changed the tactics to manage the agent work by informatization, in this way, they could sign contracts with customs directly to reduce the middle links and let the agent converters to be the processing center of products. At the same time, because the direct communication with final customs, the market demands could be understood directly and could improve the products according to the customs demands. With the help of informatization, they switched their pure production-selling to service supporting to improve efficiency, which became a torch to warm companies in this economic cold winter.China was a big world steel manufacturing country and th crude steels output was ranked No.1 of 13 years, but meanwhile, it also had the largest consumption. After entering the new century, the steel industry in our country had a fast development driven by real estate, cars and home appliances and the crude steels output arrived at an average rise of 21.1%. Although China was already a big steel country but wasnt a strong one, the building of informatization in steel companies was relatively 1015 years later than developed countries.In fact, the computers application in steel industry started from last century, but it only stayed at a superfical level, seperated with manufacture, operation and management. Qi Yongxin, the vice director of Steel Industry information and Automation prompoting center told the journalist of China Electrical Newspaper, with increased international communication day by day, Chinese steel companies began to study foreign advanced enterprises informatization experiences after entering new century, which made the informatizaiton level obtained fast improvement, and most enterprises realised integration of production and marketing and seamless integration of accounting and business; informatizaiton became an essential component among territories like production, business and management and etc.Gao Liqiang, the general manager of Greater China in manufacturing, retail and distribution industry Orcl said, in generally speaking the informatizaiton of steel industry was at an advanced level relatively to other industries, basically realised the synchro goal among integration of production and marketing, management and controllings connection, information flow, logistics flow and captical flow. 15 companies whose output were 7,000,000 tons or above occupied 50% of steel production all over the country, and the building of four-level steel informatization system was basically finished ( from basic automation to producive process control, then to the MES, finally the ERP). Zhang Ju, the vice CEO of China IDS told the journalist of China Electrical NewspaperWith the view of range in informatizations application, informatization in Chinas steel companies have been extended from productive links to service links; from inner informatization to various industries linkes and the double-win have been realised. For example, BaoSteel and Volkswagen have built distribution shearing center, when BaoSteel shears the needed steel of Volkswagen, then BaoSteel send the well-sheared steel to productive lines of Volkswagen directly. For this reason, there is no need to shear by Volkswagen, which not only can save the stock links but also shorten the supply duration. For another example, XiangSteel have built consolidated supply chain with dockyard, yard and shipment. Professor Qing Yongxin presents that in generally speaking, the informatizaiton of China Steel Industry has stepped to a mature time.The management area needs to be strengthenedIt is meaningful to build Steel Informatizaiton for steel companies. Qing Yongxin appraised the impact of informatization like this: Chinas steel companies, only be strong by themselves can resist the attack of financial storm; if enterprises themselves are weak, they might be dead because of the financial attack; informatizaiton is an important mean to make enterprises be strong and reduce costs and increase benefits.Zhang Hanxin, the director of informatizaiton building in Industry &Management department of WuSteel Group presented that steel industry was a heavy disaster to suffer strike of various crisis, it maybe not be taken into effect when talked about informatizaiton building in this situation, but to the entrepreneur who had a good eye should make use of this chance to innovate and improve traditional industrial art and laggard management.In another side, it was obvious that the benefits from informatization for steel enterprises. Lin Yu, the assistant general manager of AnSteel Group said they obtained remarkable economic benefits from ERP system: stock of raw material and final goods were declined, delivery deadline of orders were obviously shortened, return rate of transportation was descended by 30%. Morever, XingSteel achieved integration between organised management and business management to promote capacity of management and controlling when the A6 system from Yongyou Zhiyuan software was applied; the enterprises management efficiency was promoted and non-paper work of approval management was fullfiled; the business approval management of accouting, contracts and sales comparable price were normalized.However, compared by foreign developed countries and regions, it existed a certain gap in steel informatizaiton. The core factor was the principal of enterprises didnt have enough cognition to it, leading to little investment in informatizaiton. Most steel enteriprises always when a project was finished and the informatization was over too, lacking follow-up input.The main gap with foreign countries was bodied in management. Zhang Hanxin thought many steel enterprisess informatizaiton only inculded some superficial management, not crosswise, longitudinal and management & controlling integration. Civil steel companies still stayed in the fixed manual operation level, not achieving improvement in enterprises work efficiency through informatizaiton to optimize productive business process, neither the fusion between informatizaion and industry & management.There in Adjustment and Revitalization of Steel Industry said that in steel enterprises the technology reform should be intensified and the productive costs should be reduced so as to improve product quality and optimize product structure. Except improving enterprises management level and product efficiency, it also needed to lower energy consumption and product costs when the informatizaiton was put into implemention. Qi Yongxin, expressed regretly that “in steel smelting, most technology was relied on overseas without any key industry art inveted by our country.”It is relatively weak in technical strengh, research & development capability and independent innovation ability of Chinese steel industry. This makes our country to be lack of product technology experience and patent in high value-added steelmaking, and most special steel relied on imports. On the other hand, because of low product efficiency, high energy consumption and pollution, many steel enterprises have posed an tremendous pressure on resources, energy and environmentsLiu Wenzhong, vice director in national high-efficiency rolling engineering institution center, also the professor in metallurgy engineering institution of Beijing Technology University, who told the journalist of China Electric Newspaper that: seeing from the development history of China steel industry that it couldnt purchase and change the capability which belonged to enterprises themselves if only depending on importing equipments. The enterprises must strive for improving original innovation, integration innovation and import, digest and absorb re-innovation ability.中文译文：钢铁工业：信息化建设已经成熟截止到2008年的后半年，我国的钢铁业也已经经受了国际金融危机带来的沉重打击。整个行业内市场、需求、价格的急剧缩减和下降导致了巨大的损失，给钢铁企业带来了空前的困难和挑战。一个不愿透露姓名的钢铁企业负责人对中国电气报的记者讲到：国际金融危机给国内钢铁企业带来的打击是空前的，没有企业能独善其身，但是信息化的强制执行在某种程度上减少了金融危机的影响。这位负责人还提到，公司传统的销售方式是通过代理商进行的，现在他们改变了销售策略，通过信息化直接和终端需求用户签订供需合同，从而省去了中间商并使他们转移到侧重商品处理的中心来。同时，由于能够直接和终端需求用户进行交流，钢铁企业更能直接的了解市场需求并能做出迅速反应。在信息化的作用下，企业转变纯正的产品-销售方式为服务支持-迅速反应方式，这在经济的低谷时期对钢铁企业是一个有效的推动作用。中国是一个巨大的钢铁生产国，粗钢的产量连续13年全球第一。但是同时中国又有着全球第一的钢铁消耗量。进入二十一世纪后，我国钢铁产业在房地产业、汽车业、家用电器业的拉动下有了巨大发展，粗钢的产量平均每年以21.1%的速度增长。中国是一个钢铁生产大国但不是强国，信息化建设相对于西方发达国家落后10-15年。事实上，计算机信息化技术用于钢铁业始于上世纪，但只是停留于表面，并没有和生产、操作、管理各个环节进行结合。中国钢铁信息化和自动化促进中心副主任告诉中国电气报的记者：进入新世纪后，随着中国和国际社会交流的日益频繁，中国钢铁企业开始学习国外先进的信息化经验，这使得国内的信息化水平得到迅速提高，使得大部分企业实现了生产和销售的集合，使得公司财务和商业运转实现无缝结合。信息化正在逐渐成为公司运转中和生产、商务、管理同等重要的重要组成部分。甲骨文大中华区生产、销售、资源分配总经理曹立强说，中国的钢铁信息化相对于其他行业来说已经处于相当高的水平，基本实现了生产、市场、管理、控制连接、信息流、物流、资金流整合后同步的目标。中国IDS副总经理张举告诉记者：平均总产量700万多吨，总产量占全国50%钢铁产量的15家钢铁公司，已经基本完成了四级钢铁信息化（从基本自动化到生产环节自动控制，再到制造执行系统改造，最后到企业资源计划系统改造）。从信息化应用的角度来看，中国钢铁业的信息化已经从生产环节扩展到服务环节。从内部已经影响到相关联行业，双赢已经实现。例如，宝钢和大众已经建立了资源定做中心。当宝钢为大众定做对应资源时，宝钢