初中英语阅读理解之猜词技巧.ppt

阅读技能训练 猜测词义Howtoguessthemeaningofwords AFrenchstudentgoestoLondonforhisholiday HeknowsalittleEnglish buthecan tspeakitverywell Onedayhegoestoarestaurant Hewantstohavesomeeggs buthecan tremembertheEnglishwordfor egg Helooksaroundandseesapictureofahen Heshowsthepicturetothewaiter Whatdoyoucallherchildren heasks Chicks sir Andwhatdoyoucallchicksbeforethey reborn Eggs sir Verywell saystheFrenchstudent Givemetwoeggsandacupoftea please Ifyoumeetthenewwordswhenreading whatwillyoudo Paynoattentionandcontinuereading Lookthemupinthedictionary Guessthemeaning How 阅读理解题目的设置方式 理解词句含义型考查内容多为名词 动词 词组甚至句子 英语中很多单词和词组在不同的语言环境中有着不同的内涵 掌握大量单词和习语是重要的 但语言是活的东西 做这类题时 考生应尽可能通过上下文猜测词义 即利用所熟悉的词或短语和上下文已知的部分来进行合理推理 有时还需要依据常识和经验 1 Theword inthepassageprobablymeans 2 Theunderlinedword inthepassagerefersto 3 Inthestorytheunderlinedword means 4 Here means 5 Theexpression phrase means 6 Theword iscloseinmeaningto 1 Iwillnotmakefriendswithadishonestperson 2 Whenthelittleboyfinished hisfatherwasspeechless 3 Ifsomeathletesusedrugs itisunfairtotheothers 一根据构词法猜词 首先要熟悉基本的构词法及其规律 其次要掌握一定的词根和词缀 如 un im mis less ness等 dis honest speech less说不出话的 un fair 利用构词法进行猜测 根据单词的前缀与后缀进行猜词 如 care 小心 careful 小心的 carefully 小心地 write 写 rewrite 改写 un dis less mis re ern er or ist 2 根据 合成词 猜测 如school bag schoolbagdown stairs downstairs 不无 错误 再 重复 重新 表方向 表示人 Thewaysofguessingthenewwordsincontext 1 Itwillbeveryhardbutalsoverybrittle thatis itwillbreakeasily 2 Thepurposeofthecampaignwastocatch ringers studentswhotaketestsforotherstudents 3 Acalendarisalistofthedays weeks monthsofaparticularyear 二根据释义猜词 释义常由定语从句或由 is or thatis tosay inotherwords becalled beknownas等词汇或破折号来表示 脆的 冒名替考者 日历 三根据同义词关系猜词 Herepliedquickly butafterheconsideredtheproblemmorecarefully heregrettedhavingmadesuchahastydecision 2 Yourideasaresonebulousthattheyarenotcleartome and or suchas like forexample forinstance常连接同义词组 匆忙的 不清楚的 四根据对比和转折关系 1 Althoughtheearlymorninghadbeenverycool thenoondaysunwastropical 2 Hehadbeengettingbetterbutduringthenighthisconditiondeteriorated 表转折关系的词常有but while however insteadof ratherthan unlike yet though等 小结 热的 恶化 1 Theclockissoaccuratethatitwillneverloseasecondinmorethan200millionyears 2 Allhisattemptstounlockthedoorwasfutile becauseshewasusingthewrongkey 徒劳的 无效的 五根据因果关系猜词 精确的 常用关联词如 because as since for so asaresult so so that such that等表示前因后果 六根据生活常识或经验 1 Intheolddays whengirlsfromrichfamiliesweremarriedtotheirhusbands theyexpectedtobringwiththemselvesplentyofdowry 2 Butsometimes norainfallsforalong longtime Thentherewillbeadrought 3 Thesnakeslitheredthroughthegrass 嫁妆 旱灾 爬行 滑行 Howtoguessthemeaningofwords Let stry 1 Yet shopkeepersmayhavetospendextrahourstodealwithproblems suchasshoplifters whoalwaystakeawaythingsfromthe