LearningaboutLanguage.ppt

Theattributiveclause 定语从句 复合句 主句 从句 Ithink that youareright Welikeourteacherbecausesheiskind 主句 从句 主句 从句 有关系词或着连词引导的部分就是从句 总结 在复合句中 修饰某一个名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句 ThestorythatyoureadisTheRescue 1 什么是定语从句 先行词 关系词 名词或者代词 从句的位置 先行词之后 定语从句 TheRestrictiveAttributiveClause限制性定语从句 TheNon RestrictiveAttributiveClause非限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句 1 和先行词关系密切和先行词关系不密切2 删掉会影响整个意义的表达删掉不影响整个意义的表达3 不用逗号要用逗号4 可用that不可用that5 只可修饰先行词 不可可以修饰主句或主句的修饰主句或主句的一部分一部分 Thisisthemanwhogavemehisbook LiMing whoisintheroom wantstoaskyousomequestions Myfatherdoesmorningexerciseeveryday whichisgoodforhishealth 关系词 引导词 关系代词 关系副词 thatwhichwhowhomwhoseas whenwherewhy 主语 宾语 定语 表语 状语 关系代词的用法 关系代词在从句中可以 何时可以省略 关系代词的用法 关系代词在从句中可以 何时可以省略 做宾语时可以省略 引导定语从句的关系词 1 关系代词 relativepronoun 2 关系副词 relativeadverb 1 that指物 有时指人 在从句中作主语 宾语或表语 2 which指物 在从句中作主语或宾语 3 who与whom指人 在从句中分别作主语或宾语 4 whose 指人或指物 作定语 表所属 5 as指人或指物 在从句中可作主语 宾语和表语 1 when指时间 在定语从句中作时间状语 2 where指地点 在定语从句中作地点状语 3 why指原因 在定语从句中作原因状语 Fillintheblankswith who whom whose which that Aclockisamachine tellpeoplethetime that which Anurseisaperson looksaftersickpeople who that Heistheman Imetintheparkyesterday whom who that Theman legbrokeinamatchusedtobeafootballplayer whose PracticeI Lookatthepictureandcombineeachpairofsentencesusingthat which who whom whose Theboyisholdingadog Hehasgoldenhair Theboyisholdingadog Hishairisgolden TheboyisJim Theboyisholdingadog Theboywhohasgoldenhairisholdingadog Theboywhosehairisgoldenisholdingadog TheboywhoisholdingadogisJim 1 找相同2 定关系词3 合并 Themanisshoutingforhelp Hishouseisonfire ThemanisMrBlack Heisshoutingforhelp Themanwhosehouseisonfireisshoutingforhelp ThemanwhoisshoutingforhelpisMrBlack Thegirlisbeingtakentoahospital Herlegbrokeintheearthquake Thegirlwhoselegbrokeintheearthquakeistakentoahospital Thegirlwhoselegbrokeintheearthquakeistakentoahospital whose n whose引导的定语从句 the n of which whom of which whom the n Thegirlthelegofwhombrokeintheearthquakeistakentoahospital Thegirlofwhomthelegbrokeintheearthquakeistakentoahospital Lookout Don tgettooclosetothehouse roofisunderrepair A whoseB whichC ofwhichD thatGeorgeOrwell wasEricArthur wrotemanypoliticalnovelsandessays A therealnameB whathisrealnameC hisrealnameD whoserealname A whoseroof theroofofwhich ofwhichtheroof D 一 有下列情形之一者 宜用that 1 all everything anything nothing few little much any theone等不定代词作先行词 2 先行词前有all no every some any little much few等修饰时 eg Allthebooks havebeenselectedareuseful that 3 先行词前有theonly thevery thelast等修饰时 eg Thisisnottheonlyapple hasrottenaway that 4 先行词被序数词和形容词最高级修饰时 All canbedonehasbeendone that 1 That sthemostexpensivehotel we veeverstayedin 2 Thefirstthing shouldbedoneistogetthetickets that that 5先行词是表示人和物混杂的两个名词时 theyspokehighlyofthechildrenandtheirperformances theysawattheChildren sPalace that 6 关系代词在定语从句中作表语时 Ourvillageisnolongertheplace itusedtobe that 7 主句是以who which开头的特殊疑问句 eg Whichistheroom Mr Wanglivesin that 二 有下列情形之一者 宜用which 而不用that 1 在非限定性定语从句中的用法CarolsaidtheworkshouldbedonebyOctober personally Idoubtverymuch A itB thatC whenD which D 解题技巧 非限定性定语从句主要是对前面的内容进行补充说明 而关系代词which可以引导非限定性定语从句 在从句中作主语或宾语 可以代替上句的意思 注意 that不可以引导非限定性定语从句 介词 关系代词 指人用whom 指物用which 的用法 D 2 关系代词前有介词 不能省略 Inthedarkstreet therewasn tasingleperson shecouldturnforhelp A thatB whoC fromwhomD towhom 注意 隐含的词组turntosb forhelp 语法与语境相结合 注意 解题技巧 介词后常接宾语 自然用 关系 代词 先行词指物用 介词 which 指人则用介词 whom且两个关系代词均不可省略 1 Myglasses Iwaslikeablindman felltothegroundandbroke whichB withwhichC withoutDwithoutwhich2 Thegentleman youtoldmeyesterdayprovedtobeathief 2000上海 WhoB aboutwhomC whomD withwhom 注意 1 隐含的动词跟介词的搭配 2 Thegentleman youtoldmeyesterdayprovedtobeathief 2000上海 WhoB aboutwhomC whomD withwhom tellsb aboutsth 2 可运动的 介词 注意它的关系代词的使用 Thisisapenwith Iwrite which Thisisapen Iwritewith that which 3 不可运动的 介词 lookfor lookafter lookforwardto seeto等等 Thisisthebookwhich that Ilookfor Thedoctor isleavingforAfricanextmonth A thenurseistalkingtohimB whomthenurseistalkingC thenurseistalkingtoD whothenurseistalking C 综合题目 3 当先行词本身就是that时 宜用which That youtoldhimaboutiswhatwewanttoknow which 三 在下列情况中 只用who引导 1 all指作先行词 且表示人时 用who All havestudiedthisquestionhavecometothesameconclusion who 注意 如果all表示是物的时 就用that Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone 2 先行词是those 且指人时 Those wanttogotothecinemawillhavetowaitatthegateoftheschool who 3 在therebe结构中 先行词是人 Thereisayounglady asksforyou who 4 当先行词是指人的不定代词 如 one anyone noone anybody Thestudentyoushouldlearnfromistheone workshardandstudieswell who 高考题例 Thesehousesaresoldatsuchalowprice peopleexpected 2000高考题 likeB asC thatD which B 四 as的用法 解题技巧 as作为关系代词用时 引导限定性定语从句通常用于 thesame as 和 such as 句型中 在从句中作成分 Such as Such that Shehadsuchafrightthatsheranaway 引导定语从句 意为像 一样 正如 Thesehousesaresoldatsuchalowpriceaspeopleexpected 引导结果状语从句 意为 以至 完整的句子 thesame as thesame that ThisisthesamewatchasIlost ThisisthesamewatchthatIlost 这个手表跟我丢的有点像 这就是我丢的手表 强调相似性 强调同一性 1 as引导非限定性定语从句时可以放在句首 代替下面的从句 而which不能 2 as引导的定语从句有 正如 之意 从句谓语动词常用 see know expect discover mention等搭配 而which引导的定语从句没有此意 as与which引导非限定性定语从句的用法和区别 1 isknowntoeverybody themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth 2001高考题 ItB AsC ThatD What比较 isknowntoeverybodythatthemoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth It 3 as与which的意义区别 as有 正如 就像 之意 表示符合人们的认识 事情发展的特征等 即从句与主句的语意往往一致 如果主句与从句的语意不一致时 用which Theyremarried wehadexpected Theyremarried wehadn texpected as which 他们复婚了 正如我们所期待的 他们复婚了 那是我们所意料不到的 Choosethebestanswers 解题规律 1 分清主从复句部分 2 找先行词 3 看在从句中作何成分 4 确定关系词 1 Thisisall Iknowaboutthematter A thatB whatC whoD whether2 Isthereanythingelse youwant A whichB thatC whoD what3 Thelastplace wevisitedwastheGreatWall A whichB thatC whereD it Choosethebestanswers 4 Women drinkmorethantwocupsofcoffeeadayhaveagreaterchanceofhavingheartdiseasethanthose don t A who B whoC who whoD 5 Thefamousbasketballstar triedtomakeacome back attractedalotofattention A whereB whenC whichD Who6 Inanhour wecantraveltoplaces wouldhavetakenourancestorsdaystoreach A whereB whenC whichD what C D C 7 Doyoustillrememberthechickenfarm wevisitedthreemonthsago A whereB whenC thatD what8 Hersisterhasbecomealawyer shewantedtobe A whoB thatC whatD which9 ShewaseducatedatBeijingUniversity shewentontohaveheradvancedstudyabroad A afterwhichB fromwhichC afterthatD fromthat C D A 10 Pleasetakethesecondchair isoverthere A whereB whichC whoD that 11 Isoxygentheonlygas helpsfireburn A thatB C whichD it 12 Finally thethiefhandedeverything hehadstolentothepolice NMET98 A whichB whatC whateverD that 13 Alloftheflowersnowraisedherehavedevelopedfromthose intheforest A oncethegrewB theygrewonceC thatoncegrewD oncegrew 14 Idon tlike youspeaktoher A thewayB thewayinthatC thewaywhichD thewayofwhich 15 Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood wasmorethanweexpected A whatB whichC thatD it16 Hepaidtheboy 10forwashingtenwindows mostof hadn tbeencleanedfortenyears A theseB thoseC thatD which 填空 1 Lookatthatlady nameisPochi 2 Heisateacher Ilikeverymuch 3 Thosepictures weredrawnbyTomarenice 4 Those willgototheparkstayhere 5 Thatwasallthemoney Ihad whose whom that which that who that 五 Way做先行词 其后的关系词可用 Idon tlike youspeaktoher 93SH A thewayB thewayinthatC thewaywhichD thewayofwhich Place做先行词且在定语丛句中作状语 只能用where引导 不能换成介词加which DoyouknowtheplacewhereJohn F Kennedywasshot A inwhich that 不填 d关系副词 when where why d介词 关系代词 宾格 指物 inwhich onwhich ofwhich fromwhich 指人 towhom withwhom fromwhom 解题技巧 选择关系代词与关系副词的关键取决于关系词在从句中作主语 宾语 表语 定语时 只能用关系代词 如果关系词在从句中作状语 时间 地点 原因 则用副词 考点之五 例题Icanstillrememberthesitting room mymotherandIusedtositintheevening A whatB whichC thatD where D 注意 它在从句中充当状语成分 一般来说 这个句子的主谓宾都是完整的 关系副词 where when why 介词 which Iwillneverforgettheday Ifirstwenttoschoolontheday Iwillneverforgettheday Ifirstwenttoschool Iwillneverforgettheday Ifirstwenttoschool when onwhich Lastweekwevisitedthefactory Mybrotherworksthere Lastweekwevisitedthefactory mybrotherworks Lastweekwevisitedthefactory mybrotherworksin Lastweekwevisitedthefactory mybrotherworks where which that inwhich Thereasonwasnotclear Hedidn tcomeforthereason Thereason hedidn tcomewasnotclear Thereason hedidn tcomewasnotclear why forwhich 比较 Thereason yougavemeisunacceptable that which Iwillremembertheday Istayedwithhim Iwillremembertheday Ispentwithhim when onwhich Iwillremembertheday Istaywithhimontheday 时间状语 Iwillremembertheday Ispentthedaywithhim 宾语 which that 比较题目 弄清关系代词 Thisisaschool myfatherworked Thisisaschool myfathervisited where inwhich which that 总结 1 学会判断定语从句 关键 是否修饰名词 2 定语从句的两大类别 3 明白它的三大要素 关于定语从句的难点 和出错点 1 定语从句的从句部分出现代替的内容 ThisisthebookthatIlikeitbest 2 插入语成分 ThebeggarwhoIthinkispoorisinfactrich 从句部分 3 分隔定语从句 由于句子内容或结构的需要 中间插入了其他成分将定语从句与先行词隔开 ThedaysaregoneforeverwhentheChinesepeopleused foreignoil ThedayswhentheChinesepeopleused foreignoil aregoneforever 头重脚轻的问题 4 定语从句中的主谓一致问题 1 Sheisoneofthegirlswho praisedatthemeeting 2 Sheistheonlyoneofthegirlswho praisedatthemeeting be are is 5 在先行词缺少的情况下 要用theone来补充它的先行词 然后确定它的关系词 Thisisthefactory Iworkedlastyear Thisfactoryis Iworkedlastyear Thisfactoryis Ivisitedlastyear where inwhich theone where theone that 6 与其他从句和句式的区别 与where和when引导的状语从句的区别 区别的关键就是 是否有先行词 ThisistheschoolwhereIstudiedmanyyearsago TherewerealotofsheepwhereIlived IwillneverforgetthedaywhenIfirstwenttoschool Wewereabouttostartwhenitbegantorain inwhich onwhich 连词 在那里 连词 就在那个 就这个时候 Bamboogrowswell itiswarmandwetalltheyear A inwhichB intheplacewhichC theplacewhereD where D in 3 ismentionedabove thenumberofthestudentsinseniorschoolisincreasing ismentionedabovethatthenumberofthestudentsinseniorschoolisincreasing WhichB AsC ThatD It4 Davidissuchagoodboy alltheteacherslikehim Davidissuchagoodboy alltheteacherslike A thatB whoC asD whom B D A C 形式的主语 完整的句子 作like的宾语 5 Hehadthousandsofstudents manyof gained