不定式的被动形式.doc

高中英语选修7 Unit2 Revising useful structures 导学案 1课时一、学习目标：The Passive Infinitive 二、重点难点：不定式被动形式的构成和用法三、使用说明及学法指导1. 学生在老师的PPT引导下复习不定式的被动形式；(30分钟)2. 学生独立完成当堂练习部分；(10分钟)3.学生课后复习导学案和完成作业来巩固本节课所复习内容。四、学习提纲 复习被动语态(Revise the Passive Voice) 1. The giant pandas are loved by people throughout the world.2. My car is being repaired so I cant lend it to you.3. When we got to the meeting room, we found the speech had been cancelled. 4. Claire was amazed by his fingernails and the softness and warmth of his skin.5. The robot was going to be tested out by Larrys wife.6. The women were impressed by Claire, the house and the delicious cuisine 不定式被动式讲与练不定式语法 不定式的时态和语态不定式有时态和语态的变化， 时态共四种，即一般式、完成式、进行式和完成进行式。 语态分为主动语态和被动语态，如PPT图表所示。一、当不定式动词的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的发出者时用不定式主动语态形式。 1 现在时：一般现在时表示的动词，有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。I hope to see you again. = I hope that Ill see you again. 2 完成时：表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。 Im sorry to have received such poor service .3 进行时：强调动作已在延续或动作正在进行。 They seem to be getting along well with their new jobs.4 完成进行时：表示动作是在谓语动词所表示的动作之前就一直在进行。He appears (系动词，似乎、好像)to have been waiting a long time. 二、 当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不定式一般要采用被动语态形式。1.不定式的被动形式有下列用法(1)作主语：Claire thought it was ridiculous to be offered sympathy by a robot.(2)作宾语：She asked to be sent to work in Xinjiang. Id like to be informed of the process of your dealing with my complaint. (3)构成宾语补足语或主语补足语：By that time, Tony expected the house to be completely transformed.（宾语补足语） She didnt like herself to be praised like that. （宾语补足语）As Tony was not allowed to accompany her to the shops, he wrote out a list of items for her.（主语补足语） (4) 作定语：Are you going to the meeting to be held in the teachers office?(5) 作状语：She was too young to be assigned such work.2.不定式有时还可以有完成式的被动式，在句中作主语、宾语、定语，或真正的宾语、复合谓语等，如：He thought it an honor to have been invited to the party. （真正的宾语）The book is said to have been translated into many languages. （复合谓语）She was the first woman to have been elected to such a post. （定语） 三、不定式的主动形式表示被动1. 在there be结构中。例如：There is a lot of homework to do There is no time to lose (to be lost). 2. 在“npron + be + adj + to do”结构中。常用的形容词有easy，difficult，hard，impossible，nice，pleasant，interesting，important，dangerous等。例如：He is hard to convince. He is an impossible person to work with3. 在“tooto do; enoughto”结构中。例如：The problem is too difficult to work out The house is big enough to live in.4. 在“with+宾语+to do”结构中。例如：With nothing to do, he lay in bedWith so many exercises to do, I cant go to the cinema 5. 当不定式的逻辑主语在句中出现时。例如： I have a letter to type today(I是to type的逻辑主语) Do you have anything to say? (you是to say的逻辑主语)6. 当不定式隐含在for sb to do结构中时。This is the best book to read (=for usyou to read)The important thing to do is to lock the door when we leave the house(=for us to do) 7. 一些作表语用的不定式的主动形式。 常见的这类动词有let(出租), rent， hire, blame等。例如：The house is to letI felt I was to blame. Notice 1. 动词不定式主动语态形式的使用要比被动语态形式的使用普遍，有时（尤其在口语中）虽然意思上是被动的，也往往用主动语态形式来表示。I have three motors to repair today.The task is difficult to finish on time.2. 有些动词如want, need, require表示“需要”时,后接不定式的被动形式和接动词-ing的主动形式表达的含义一致。The house needs to be repaired / repairing. Our classroom requires to be cleaned / cleaning per day.五、当堂练习Exercise 2 : Use the words & phrases below to fi