初中英语动词不定式讲解试题和答案.pdf

初中英语动词不定式讲解试题和答案初中英语动词不定式讲解试题和答案 2009 05 20 10 08 47 来源 博客 一 作主语 可以用 it 代替 it 叫形式主语 动词不定式放在后面叫真正主语 1 To learn a foreign language is not easy It is not easy to learn a foreign language 2 It s dangerous to drive very fast 二 作表语 My idea is to ring him up at once 我的想法是马上给他打电话 如果主语部分含实义动词 do 且作表语的动词又是 do 的内容 这时表语不定式的 to 可以省略 如 All I did was wait here 我能做的就是在这里等 三 常可接动词不定式作宾语的动词有 agree 同意 hope 希望 decide 决定 need 需 要 mean 打算 wish 希望 fail 失败 want 想要 begin 开始 would like 想要 等 He has decided to go to the countryside 他已决心去乡下 四 疑问词 动词不定式 结构可以作动词 know think find out 等的宾语 I don t know who to ask 我真不知道该问谁 五 疑问词 动词不定式 可以作动词 show teach ask 等后面的直接宾语 She told me where to find the earphone 她告诉我什么地方可以找到耳机 六 如果宾语太长 可用 it 作形式宾语 构成 主语 谓语 it 宾语不足语 名词或 形容词 to do sth 结构 谓语动词常为 find think feel 等 I found it difficult to stop him 我发现拦截他很困难 七 动词不定式可以作介词的宾语 Autumn harvest is about to start 秋收即将开始 I m worrying about what to do next 我正愁下一步该怎么办 八 作定语的动词不定式与被修饰词有动宾关系 I have a lot of books to read 我有许多书要读 此时 如果动词不定式动词为不及物动词 后面的介词绝对不能省略 We had only a cold room to live in 我们只有寒室一间 九 作定语的动词不定式与被修饰词有主谓关系 He is always the first to come and the last to leave 他总是第一个到 最后一个走 十 作定语的动词不定式与被修饰词之间只有修饰关系 We have no time to go to town today 今天我们没有时间去城里 十一 作状语的动词不定式常表示目的 原因 方向 结果等 I m glad to meet you 见到你 我很高兴 They ran over to welcome the foreign guests 他们跑过来欢迎外宾 十二 不定式复合结构 for sb to do sth 可用作主语 表语 定语 状语等 It s for her to decide 这得由她来决定 表语 There are many books for you to read 这有许多书供你阅读 定语 The book ids too difficult for children to read 这本书太难了 孩子们看不懂 结果状语 不定式复合结构作主语时 需注意 It s 形容词 for of sb to do sth 当上面的形容词指的是 to do sth 的性质时 用介词 for It s dangerous for children to swim in the river 孩子在这条河里游泳很危险 游泳这件 事情危险 当上面的形容词指的是 sb 的性质时 用介词 of 这些形容词往往修饰人 good bad polite unkind kind nice clever right wrong careful careless It was careless of you to do that 你这么做真粗心 你这个人粗心 十三 动词 hear see feel watch notice look at listen to 等后面的动词不定式作宾语补足 语时不能带 to 即常见的形式为 hear sb do sth 等 Many people like to watch others play games 许多人喜欢看别人玩游戏 十四 let make have 后面的动词不定式作宾语补足语 也不能带 to help 后面的动词不 定式作宾语补足语 to 可有可无 She let us meet her at the station but she didn t come 她让我们去车站迎接她 卡她没有 来 十五 十三和十四这两种情况下的动词不定式在改被动语态句子时 必须将省略的 to 还 原 也就是说 动词后需跟带 to 的动词不定式 We heard him sing every day He was heard to sing every day 那时每天都听到他唱歌 十六 跟带 to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词还有 ask beg leave like love hate prefer order teach tell believe find know want think understand would like 等 形式为 ask sb to do sth Would you like me to visit him 要不要我拜访他 I would prefer you not to come tomorrow 我宁愿你明天不要来 He ask the driver to stop the motobike 他要那位司机拦下那辆摩托车 十七 区别下列词组的不同含义 like to do sth like doing sth stop to do sth stop doing sth remember to do sth remember doing sth forget to do sth forget doing sth 十八 It takes sb some time to do sth 花费某人一段时间干某事 It took me half an hour to do my homework yesterday 昨天我花了半小时做回家作业 It took Jim an hour and a half to read the book 吉姆花了一个半小时看这本书 It took mother one and a half hours to do the housework 母亲花了一个半小时干家务 用汉字表述上面的句型为 It take 人 一段时间 to do sth 一段时间形式往往为像这样的例子 fifteen minutes15 分钟 an hour 一个小时 two days 两 天 half a month 半个月 a year and a half 一年半 等等 十九 不定式的特殊句型 too to too to 太 以至于 He is too excited to speak 他太激动了 说不出话来 Can I help you 需要我帮忙吗 Well I m afraid the box is too heavy for you to carry it but thank you all the same 不用了 这箱子太重 恐怕你搬不动 谢谢您 如在 too 前有否定词 则整个句子用否定词表达肯定 too 后那个词表达一种委婉 含义 意 为 不太 It s never too late to mend 谚语 改过不嫌晚 当 too 前面有 only all but 时 意思是 非常 等于 very I m only too pleased to be able to help you 我非常高兴能帮助你 He was but too eager to get home 他非常想回家 二十 不定式的特殊句型 Why not Why not 动词原形 表达向某人提出建议 翻译为 为什么不 干吗不 例如 Why not take a holiday 干吗不去度假 练习 根据括号内的动词 用适当的形式填空 空内可能不只填一个词 使句子完整意思正确 1 They usually kites on Sundays fly 2 Look The dogs after the cat run 3 Miss Gao English in our school since she came here teach 4 The class meeting last Wednesday afternoon hold 5 You should let him the work by himself finish 6 Meimei to wash the old woman s clothes twice every week go 7 Mr Jiang us Chinese last term teach 8 My father back from Japan tomorrow come 9 It s seven o clock now The Greens breakfast together have 10 Jim many Chinese songs since he came to China learn 11 Please remember the window when you leave the room close 12 After school some students began to do some in the classroom clean 13 English