职称英语等级考试理工AB级模拟试题(三).pdf

本试题摘取于考试吧 职称英语等级考试理工职称英语等级考试理工 AB 级模拟试题级模拟试题 三三 一 单选题一 单选题 词汇选项 第 1 15 题 每题 1 分 共 15 分 下面共有 l5 个句子 每个句子中均有 1 个词或短语 划有底横线 请从每个句子后面所给的 4 个选项中选择 1 个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语 1 第 1 部分 词汇选择 第 1 15 题 每题 1 分 共 15 分 建议 10 分钟以内完成 下面共有 15 句子 每个句子均有一个词或短语划有底横线 请从每个句子后面所给的四个选项中选择 一个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语 答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上 The committee comprises five persons A absorbs B concerns C excludes D involves A B C D 标准答案 d 解析 2 We derive knowledge mainly from books A deprive B obtain C descend D trace A B C D 本试题摘取于考试吧 标准答案 b 解析 3 The room was furnished with the simplest essentials a bed a chair and a table A supplied B gathered C grasped D made A B C D 标准答案 a 解析 4 The local government decided to merge the two firms into a big one A motivate B combine C compact D nominate A B C D 标准答案 b 解析 5 He emphasized a feasible plan which can be accepted by the both sides A favorable B possible 本试题摘取于考试吧 C formal D genuine A B C D 标准答案 b 解析 6 When does the next train depart A pull up B pull down C pull out D pull in A B C D 标准答案 c 解析 7 Because administering the whole company he sometimes has to work around the clock A adjusting B evaluating C engaging D managing A B C D 标准答案 d 解析 8 本试题摘取于考试吧 The town is notable for its beautiful scenery in winter A similar B prompt C profound D famous A B C D 标准答案 d 解析 9 He is assigned to oversee the production of the assembly lines A supervise B watch C suspect D predict A B C D 标准答案 a 解析 10 Soldiers have to obey orders A reply to B apply for C abide with D comply with A B C D 本试题摘取于考试吧 标准答案 d 解析 11 The advertising company was surprised by the adverse public reaction to the poster A delayed B quick C positive D unfavorable A B C D 标准答案 d 解析 12 It is said that the house along the street will soon be demolished A pulled down B rebuilt C renovated D whitewashed A B C D 标准答案 a 解析 13 In his two hour long lecture he made an exhaustive A analysis of the issue A extremely thorough B long and strong 本试题摘取于考试吧 C crazy D unconvincing A B C D 标准答案 a 解析 14 These are our motive for doing it A reasons B arguments C targets D stimulus A B C D 标准答案 a 解析 15 Do you think there is any likelihood of his agreeing to it A respect B occasion C prospect D anticipation A B C D 标准答案 c 本试题摘取于考试吧 二 匹配题 16 第二部分 阅读判断 每题 1 分 共七分 建议 12 分钟以内完成 阅读下面这篇短文 短文后列出了七个句子 请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断 如果该句提供 的是正确信息 请在答题卡上把 A 涂黑 如果该句提供的是错误信息 请在答题卡上把 B 涂黑 如果该句的 信息文章中没有提及 请在答题卡上把 C 涂黑 El Nino 厄尔尼诺现象 While some forecasting methods had limited SUCCESS predicting the 1997 E1 Nino a few months in advance the Columbia University researchers say their method call predict large E1 Nino events up to two years in advance That would be good news for governments farmers and others seeking to plan for the droughts and heavy rainfall that El Nino can produce in various parts of the world Using a computer the researchers matched sea surface temperatures to later El Nino occurrences between 1980 and 2000 and were then able to anticipate E1 Nino events dating back to1857 using prior sea surface temperatures The results were reported in the latest issue of the journal Nature The researchers say their method is not perfect but Bryan C Weare a meteorologist at the University of California Davis who was not involved in the work said it suggests E1 Nino is indeed predictable This will probably convince others to search around more for even better methods said Weare He added that the new method makes it possible to predict El Nino at 1ong lead times Other models also use sea surface temperatures but they have not looked as far back because they need other data which is only available for recent decades Weare said The ability to predict the warming and cooling of the Pacitic is of immense importance The 1997 El Nino for example caused an estimated 20 billion in damage worldwide offset by beneficial effects in other areas said David Anderson of the European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts in Reading England The 1877 El Nino meanwhile coincided with a failure of the Indian monsoon and a famine that killed perhaps 40 million in India and China prompting the development of seasonal forecasting Anderson said When El Nino hit in 199 1 and 1997 200 million people were affected by flooding in China alone according to a 2002 United Nations report While predicting smaller E1 Nino events remains tricky the ability to predict larger ones should be increased to at least a year if the new method is confirmed E1 Nino tends to develop between April and June and reaches its peak between December and February The warming tends to last between 9 and 1 2 months and occurs every two to seven years 本试题摘取于考试吧 The new forecasting method does not predict any major El Nino events in the next two years although a weak warming toward the end of this year is possible E1 Nino n 厄尔尼诺现象 Equatorial adj 赤道的 Occurrence n 发生 Meteorologist n 气象学家 Offset v 抵销 Lead adj 提前的 Monsoon n 季风 Tricky adj 难以捉摸的 练习 1 The method used by the Columbia University researchers can predict E1 Nino a few months in advance A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 2 The Columbia University researchers studied the relationship between the past EI Nino occurrences and sea surface temperatures A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 3 The Columbia University researchers are the first to use sea surface temperatures to match the past EI Nino occurrences A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 4 Weare s contribution in predicting E1 Nino was highly praised by other meteorologists A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 4 请选择 A B C D E 标准答案 B A C C 解析 17 本试题摘取于考试吧 5 According to a Chinese report the flooding in China caused by E1 Nino in 1 99 1 and 1 997 affected 200 million Chinese people A right B Wrong C Not mentioned 6 It takes about eight months for El Nino to reach its peak A right B Wrong C Not mentioned 7 A special institute has been set up in America to study E1 Nino A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 标准答案 B A C 本题分数 3 00 分 你答题的情况为 错误 所以你的得分为 00 分 第三部分 概括大意与完成句子 每题 1 分 共 8 分 建议 10 分钟以内完成 阅读下面这篇短文 短文后有 2 项测试任务 1 1 4 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中为第 2 5 段每段 选择 1 个正确的小标题 2 第 5 8 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中选择 4 个正确的选项 分别完成每个句子 请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上 难度 B A 级 Blasts from the past 1 Volcanoes were more destructive in ancient history Not because they were bigger but because the carbon dioxide they released wiped out 1ife with greater ease 2 Paul Wignall from the University of Leeds was investigating the link between volcanic eruptions and mass extinctions Not a11 volcanic eruptions killed off large numbers of animals but all the mass extinctions over the past 300 million years coincided with huge formations of volcanic rock To his surprise the older the massive volcanic eruptions were the more damage they seemed to do 3 Wignall calculated the killing efficiency for these volcanoes by comparing the proportion ion of life they killed off with the volume of lava that they produced He found that size for size older eruptions were at least 1 0 times as effective at wiping out life as their more recent rivals 本试题摘取于考试吧 4 The Permian extinction for example which happened 250 million years ago is marked by floods of volcanic rock in Siberia that cover an area roughly the size of western Europe Those volcanoes are thought to have pumped out about 10 gigatonnes of carbon as carbon dioxide The global warming that followed wiped out 80 per cent of all marine genera at the time And it took 5 million years for the planet to recover 5 Yet 60 million years ago in the late Palaeocene there was another huge amount of volcanic activity and global warming but Io mass extinction Some animals did disappear but things returned to normal within ten thousands of years The most recent ones hardly have an effect at all Wignall says He ignored the extinction which wiped out the dinosaurs at the end of the Cretaceous 65 million years ago because many scientists believe it was primarily caused by the impact of an asteroid 6 Wignall thinks that older volcanoes had more killing power because more recent life forms were better adapted to dealing with increased levels of C02 Ocean chemistry may also have played a role As the supercontinents broke up and exposed more coastline there may have been more weathering of silica rocks This would have encouraged the growth of phytoplankton in the oceans increasing me amount of C02 absorbed from the atmosphere 7 Vincent Courtillot director of the Paris Geophysical Institute in France says that Wignall s idea is provocative But he says it is incredibly hard to do these sorts of calculations He points out that the killing power of volcanic eruptions depends on how long they lasted And it is impossible to tell whether the huge blasts lasted for thousands or millions of years 8 Courtillot also adds t11at it is difficult to estimate how much 1ava prehistoric volcanoes produced and that 1ava volume may not necessarily correspond to carbon dioxide or sulphur dioxide emissions 练习 1 Paragraph 2 2 Paragraph 3 3 Paragraph 4 4 Paragraph 5 A Killing Power of Ancient Volcanic Eruptions B Association of Mass Extinctions with Volcanic Eruptions 本试题摘取于考试吧 C Calculation of the Killing Power of Older Eruptions D A Mass Extinction E V 0lcanic Eruptions That Caused no Mass Extinction F Accounting for the Killing Power of Older Eruptions 4 请选择 A B C D E 标准答案 B C D E 第三部分 概括大意与完成句子 每题 1 分 共 8 分 建议 10 分钟以内完成 阅读下面这篇短文 短文后有 2 项测试任务 1 1 4 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中为第 2 5 段每段 选择 1 个正确的小标题 2 第 5 8 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中选择 4 个正确的选项 分别完成每个句子 请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上 难度 B A 级 Blasts from the past 1 Volcanoes were more destructive in ancient history Not because they were bigger but because the carbon dioxide they released wiped out 1ife with greater ease 2 Paul Wignall from the University of Leeds was investigating the link between volcanic eruptions and mass extinctions Not a11 volcanic eruptions killed off large numbers of animals but all the mass extinctions over the past 300 million years coincided with huge formations of volcanic rock To his surprise the older the massive volcanic eruptions were the more damage they seemed to do 3 Wignall calculated the killing efficiency for these volcanoes by comparing the proportion ion of life they killed off with the volume of lava that they produced He found that size for size older eruptions were at least 1 0 times as effective at wiping out life as their more recent rivals 4 The Permian extinction for example which happened 250 million years ago is marked by floods of volcanic rock in Siberia that cover an area roughly the size of western Europe Those volcanoes are thought to have pumped out about 10 gigatonnes of carbon as carbon 本试题摘取于考试吧 dioxide The global warming that followed wiped out 80 per cent of all marine genera at the time And it took 5 million years for the planet to recover 5 Yet 60 million years ago in the late Palaeocene there was another huge amount of volcanic activity and global warming but Io mass extinction Some animals did disappear but things returned to normal within ten thousands of years The most recent ones hardly have an effect at all Wignall says He ignored the extinction which wiped out the dinosaurs at the end of the Cretaceous 65 million years ago because many scientists believe it was primarily caused by the impact of an asteroid 6 Wignall thinks that older volcanoes had more killing power because more recent life forms were better adapted to dealing with increased levels of C02 Ocean chemistry may also have played a role As the supercontinents broke up and exposed more coastline there may have been more weathering of silica rocks This would have encouraged the growth of phytoplankton in the oceans increasing me amount of C02 absorbed from the atmosphere 7 Vincent Courtillot director of the Paris Geophysical Institute in France says that Wignall s idea is provocative But he says it is incredibly hard to do these sorts of calculations He points out that the killing power of volcanic eruptions depends on how long they lasted And it is impossible to tell whether the huge blasts lasted for thousands or millions of years 8 Courtillot also adds t11at it is difficult to estimate how much 1ava prehistoric volcanoes produced and that 1ava volume may not necessarily correspond to carbon dioxide or sulphur dioxide emissions 练习 5 Older eruptions were more devastating 6 The Permian extinction is used to illustrate 7 The cause of the extinction of dinosaurs 8 Courtillot rejects A than more recent ones B the killing efficiency for older eruptions C has remained controversial D Wignall s calculations as acceptable 本试题摘取于考试吧 E has been known to us all F his ideas 标准答案 A B C D 20 第四部分 阅读理解 每题 3 分 共 45 分 建议 40 分钟以内完成 下面有 3 篇短文 每篇短文后有 5 道题 每道题后面有 4 个选项 请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其 后面的问题 从 4 个选项中选择 1 个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上 难度 B C 级 Inspecting a used car The scariest part of buying a used car is not being completely sure of what condition it s in A car that s been in a major accident is always a bigger risk but sellers often try to hide this information Andrew Bleakley evaluator inspector runs a mobile vehicle inspection service in Montreal For about 80 he will perform a full unbiased inspection on a used vehicle In his 10 years as a professional inspector Bleakley has seen a lot He warns Watch out for dealer demonstration vehicles which are used not new They may have been in a collision He adds mat it is not uncommon in Ontario and Quebec especially for unscrupulous sellers to roll back the odometer or to even disengage it Bleakley has special tools to check for this Blealdey always recommends hiring an independent technician to inspect the condition of a used car before you buy it The problem is finding someone qualified to do the inspection which he says generally doesn t mean just any mechanic A thorough mechanical inspection includes checking the compression all major systems including the engine electrical and charging systems transmission and drive line fluids brakes suspension and steering Essential too is all inspection of the car s body and finally a road test There are however a few things everyone can do before buying a used car Do a visual check of the car Look at the right rear door hinges If they are very worn Or the door doesn t close well the car may have been used as a taxi Holes in the roof could mean the car was used for deliveries Check for oil 1eaks on the pavement Note that 1eaks are not necessarily a significant problem it depends on the cause Don t assume that new looking brake and accelerator pedals mean the car hasn t been 本试题摘取于考试吧 driven much Resellers know people check these details and call buy new Pads for around 6 Copy down the vehicle identification number VlN a 17 character combination of numbers and letters from the vehicle s dashboard In Ontario ask the dealer or seller for the Used Vehicle Information Package this gives details of previous owners any outstanding liens on the car and the fair market value of the vehicle 练习 1 According to the passage in buying a second hand vehicle it is most important to know A how long it has been used B what color it is C whether it has been in a collision D whether it leaks oil 2 All of the following are mentioned as tricks which dishonest second hand Car dealers may play upon their customers EXCEPT A To re Paint the car B To roll back the odometer C T0 replace the old pedal D T0 disengage the odometer 3 An independent technician in the first sentence of the second paragraph means A a technician who checks a car free of charge B a technician who learned his trade all by himself C a technician who works for a particular car dealer D a technician who runs his own inspection service 4 According to Bleakley before buying a used Car all the inspection work Can A be done by a mechanic together with the dealer B only be done by a qualified mechanic 本试题摘取于考试吧 C be done by the buyer himself D be done by a qualified mechanic together with the buyer 5 According to the passage from which of the following Call the buyer obtain reliable information of the previous owner A The vehicle identification number B The unbiased inspector C The second hand car dealer D The Used Vehicle Information Package 标准答案 C A D D D 解析 21 难度 B A 级 Kasparov Chess Computers Beatable For Now Humans will continue to beat computers for years but the machines are 1ikely to dominate in matches played over several games according to the world s top chess player We will not see a machine replacing a human being in our lifetime Man will be able to beat a computer in at least one game for a very long time Kasparov told a press conference in Moscow a week after settling for a draw in a six game match with the computer Deep Junior in New York But while human intuition can provide an advantage in individual games Man will never be able to play 8 or 10 games in a row to an equal level Kasparov said He gradually declines for a variety of external factors the weather a headache family strains or whatever In his Man vs Machine contest in the United States Kasparov won the first game but lost the third after committing a mid game blunder He then adopted a safety first strategy and in the sixth game passed up a chance to win by accepting a draw in a position some analysts said was favourable Kasparov watchers believe he was determined above all not to lose to Deep Junior because he was still smarting from a defeat to another computer Deep Blue in 1997 That 10ss clearly rankled Kasparov and he said at the time that the computer had been receiving assistance from its human operators 本试题摘取于考试吧 The Russian who has reigned undisputedly as the world s top player since 1985 said he was satisfied overall with his result against Deep Junior although if I d been in better shape and had more time to prepare the result might have been different He stressed the importance of psychology in chess between one human player and another and described the psychological discomfort involved in adapting to a confrontation with a machine In chess with humans you re always attempting to impose your decisions on the personality of your rival A game is always an exchange of errors of imprecisi