人教新目标八年级下册u3when while 语法讲解讲义.pdf

1 过去进行时 过去进行时由was或were 动词 ing 构成 表示在过去某一时刻或某一 段时间正在进行的动作 时间状语有at this that time yesterday at 8 00 last Sunday then when或while 引导的时间状语从句 特定的过去时间有上下文的暗 示 例如 1 He was watching TV at eight yesterday evening 2 What were you doing at this time yesterday I was talking with my brother 3 The girl was playing the guitar when her friend saw her 4 While he was cooking dinner his friend got out of the shower 5 While my mother was washing clothes I was doing my homework 6 What was Jim doing then 上下文暗示 He was walking down the street 2 过去进行时和一般过去时的区别 1 过去进行时表示过去正在进行的动作 而一般过去时则表示一个 完整的动作 如 They were writing letters to their friends last night 昨晚他们在写信给他们的朋友 没有说明信是否写完 They wrote letters to their friends last night 他们昨晚写了信给他们的朋友 表达了他们已写好的意思 整个写 的过程已完成 3 练习下列句子 What were you doing when the UFO arrived cutting my hair in the barber shop cooking dinner in the kitchen eating lunch at school getting out of the shower in the bathroom going to the library making a smoothie in the kitchen shouting on the playground sleeping in my bedroom 4 以when和while引导的时间状语从句 1 延续性动词和非延续性动词 延续性动词指动作可以延续一段时间 而不是瞬间结束 如 work study drink eat keep sleep relax等 非延续性动词指动作极为短暂 瞬间结束 如 start begin hit jump knock at borrow lend open close等 when表示 当 的时候 从句中既可用延续性动词 又可用 非延续性动词 这些动词既可以表示动作 又可表示状态 从句中的 动作既可和主句的动作同时发生 又可在主句的动作之前或之后发 生 如 Mary was having dinner when I saw her The boy was still sleeping when his mother got home yesterday morning while表示 在 的时候 在 期间 它强调主句的动作 与从句的动作同时发生或主句的动作发生在从句的动作过程中 while 从句中必须是表示动作或状态的延续性动词 如 The weather was fine while we were in Beijing She called while I was out 如果主句的动作在从句的动作过程中发生 从句常用进行时 如 While we were swimming someone stole our clothes Don t talk so loud while others are working 总结 1 when可指时间点 又可指时间段 从句中可用延续性动词 也可 用非延续性动词 主句用过去进行时态 从句用一般过去时态 主句用现在进行时 态 从句用一般现在时态 前后时态范畴保持一致 2 while总是指一个时间段 从句中必须用延续性动词 从句谓语常用 现在 过去进行时态 现在 过去主句用进行时 态 3 when 当 的时候 是at that time的意思 表示做某种动作的时 间或瞬间 常与一般现在时或一般过去时连用 When winter comes the weather gets colder and colder 当冬天来临时 天气变得越来越冷 When Linda saw Davy he was jumping with another dog 当Linda看到Davy时 他正和另一只狗一起蹦跳着 4 while 当 的时候 是during the time的意思 表示略长的一 段时间 从句常与现在进行时或过去进行时连用 Mr White was reading a newspaper while he was waiting for a bus 怀特先生边等车边看报 I am doing my homework while my mother is cooking 我做作业的时候 我妈妈在做饭 二 用when while填空 1 the alien was in the museum I called the police 2 a UFO landed the boy was walking down the street 3 winter comes the weather gets colder and colder 4 the alien was visiting the museum the boy called the TV station 5 Mr White was reading a newspaper he was waiting for a bus 6 I am doing my homework my mother is cooking 练习 1 He draw at eight yesterday evening 2 The