高中定语从句教案.doc

关系词引导定语从句的关系词关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。关系副词有：when, where等。关系代词部分： who指人在从句中做主语(1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 在踢足球的男孩们是一班的. (2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 昨天，我帮助了一个迷路的老人 whom指人在定语从句中充当宾语，常省略。（注：who和whom已无太大区别，基本可以通用。区别是who可以做主语而whom不可以，whom前可以加介词如to whom，但是who不可以） (1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked with on the bus. (2) Mr. Ling is just the boy(whom)I want to see. (3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.which指物 在定语从句中做主语，表语，定语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。在非限制性定语从句中有“，”即可用which (1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩都喜欢的游戏. (2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天刚买的钢笔. whose通常指人也可指物在定语从句中做定语，表所有。 (1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.(2) I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.whose指物时通常以以下结构来代替 (3) The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.(4) The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.(5) Do you like the book whose color is yellow? (6) Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?That指人时相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。 在定语从句中做主语,表语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 (5) The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million.(6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning?That与which的区别1）不用that的情况 a) 在引导非限定性定语从句时。 The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here. b) 介词后不能用。 We depend on the land from which we get our food. We depend on the land that/which we get our food from.2) 只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况 a)在there be 句型中，只用that，不用which。 b)在不定代词，如：anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。 例：All that is needed is a supply of oil. c)先行词有the only, the very修饰时，只用that。 例：The only thing that the students can do is studying hard d)先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that。. 例：This is the first American film that Ive ever seene) 先行词既有人，又有物时。关系副词部分：when指时间 在定语从句中做时间状语也可做连接词用 (1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school. (2) The time when we got together finally came. 注意：表示时间“time一词的定语从句只用when引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that引导。 例：1.By the time when you arrived in London, we had stayed there for two weeks. 2.I still remember the first time （when） I met her.3.Each time when he goes to business trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towels, soap, toothbrush etc.Where指地点 在定语从句中做地点状语 (1) Shanghai is the city where I was born. (2) The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down. why指原因 在定语从句中做原因状语 (1) Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane. (2) I dont know the reason why he looks unhappy today.区分定语从句和同位语从句 1、定语从句修饰先行词，它和先行词是修饰关系； 同位语从句说明先行词的具体内容，是补充说明的关系 (1) The plane that has just taken off is for London. 定语从句 (2) The fact that he has been dead is clear. 同位语从句 2、定语从句由关系代词或者关系副词引导，关系词在句中充当成分，有时可以省略； 同位语从句主要由that引导，在句中一般不做成分； 句子也可以由when, where, how, why, whether, what等词引导，充当成分 (1) The news he told me is true. (2) The news that he has just died is true. (3) The problem that we are facing now is how we can collect so much money. 定语 (4) The problem how we can collect so much money is difficult to solve. 3、 同位语从句和先行词一般可以用be动词发展成一个完整的句子，而定语从句不可以发展成一个完整的句子， (1) The idea that we could ask the teacher for advice is wonderful. 同位语 (2) The idea was that we could ask the teacher for advice. (3) The fact that the moon moves around the earth is known to all. (4) The fact is that the earth moves around the earth. 总体做题采用还原法:即把先行词还原到定语从句里边,看一下做什么成分、指人、物;做主语、宾语还是状语等即可突破,具体说:1. 根据句子结构划出定语从句(划完后必须是两个独立的句子)。2. 根据先行词的特点、功能进一步选择。如果先行词在定语从句中主、宾语,则选关系代词。如果先行词在定语从句中做状语,则用关系副词。3. 根据先行词的具体用法进一步选择。1.The English play _ my students acted at the New Years party was a great success.A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which2. Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, _, of course, made the others envy him.A. who B. that C. what D. which3. If a shop has chairs _ women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop.A. that B. which C. when D. where4.Women _ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those _ dont.A. who ; 不填 B. 不填 ; who C. who ; who D. 不填; 不填5.The Beatles, _ many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool.A. what B. that C. how D. as6. Some pre-school children go to a day care center,_ they learn simple games and songs.A. then B. there C. while D. where7. The book was written in 1946, _ the education system has witnessed great charges. A.when B.during which C.since then D.since when8. The Science Museum, _ we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of Londons tourist attractions. A. which B. what C. that D. where9. Yesterday she sold her car, _ she bought a month ago. A. when B. where C. that D. which 10. By nine oclock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, _appeared a rare rainbow soon. Lesson 1 A Puma at large 逃遁的美洲狮 Pumas are large, cat-like animals which are found in America. When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously. However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts from the Zoo felt obliged to investigate, for the descriptions given by people who claimed to have seen the puma were extraordinarily similar. The hunt for the puma began in a small village where a woman picking blackberries saw a large cat only five yards away from her. It immediately ran away when she saw it, and experts confirmed that a puma will not attack a human being unless it is cornered. The search proved difficult, for the puma was often observed at one place in the morning and at another place twenty miles away in the evening. Wherever it went, it left behind it a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits. Paw prints were seen in a number of places and puma fur was found clinging to bushes. Several people complained of cat-like noises at night and a businessman on a fishing trip saw the puma up a tree. The experts were now