人教版英语选修七第一单元语法.ppt

M7U1Livingwell Grammar theinfinitives afford agree appear arrange ask attempt choose claim dare decide demand deserve determine expect fail get guarantee hate help hope hurry intend learn long manage offer plan prepare pretend promise refuse seem tend threaten want wish Whichverbscanbenormallyfollowedbytheinfinitive Remember 动词不定式 Infinitive 由 to do 构成 否定形式 FunctionsofInfinitive 主语 表语 宾语 宾补 定语 状语 nottodo 1 不定式作主语 subject Tofinishthisreporttookhimaweek 眼见为实 Toseeistobelieve Seeingisbelieving It simpossible humanstoflylikeabirdnow It spolite youtogreeteveryone 单个不定式作主语时 谓语动词用 若不定式太长 通常将其放句后 而用it作 for of 单数 形式主语 2 不定式作表语 Predicative WhatIwouldsuggestistoputoffthemeeting Toseeistobelieve Seeingisbelieving 主语为不定式 表语也需为 我的工作是要帮助病人 Myjobis 不定式常用在系动词be seem appear get remain等后作表语 Theonlythingtodonowis to goon WhatI lldois to tellherthetruth Allhedidjustnowwas to completetheform P S 当主语含有 作表语的不定式可省略 不定式 do的某种形式 to tohelpthepatients 3 不定式作宾语 Object Idecidedtoaskformymoneyback It作 我觉得他不可能在这么短的时间内完成任务 Ifeelitimpossibleforhim insuchashorttime it adj n forsb todosth 形式宾语 tofinishthejob think consider find feel believesuppose make 4 不定式作宾补 ObjectComplement 1 带to的不定式作宾补结构 动词 allow order force permit tell want wish forbid advise persuade warn等后皆带 作宾补 2 不带to的不定式作宾补 Hemadeafaceandmadeuslaugh 类似用法的动词还有 使役动词make have let 感官动词see watch observe hear listento notice weremadetolaugh 若上述结构变为被动语态 to要还原 V sb todo 1 Theysawtheboyfallsuddenlyfromthetree Theboywasseentofallsuddenlyfromthetree 2 MothermadeJohnwashthecarforaweek Johnwasmadetowashthecarforaweek 5 不定式作定语 Attribute Couldyoulendmeapen write Heislookingforaroom live Pleasepassmesomepaper write 若todo与被修饰的词为 关系时 不定式后介词不可省 towritewith tolivein towriteon 动宾 5 不定式作定语 Attribute 1 Autumnisthebesttimetotravel 2 Sheisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave P S 当名词被thefirst thelast等序数词以及adj 最高级修饰时 通常用不定式作定语 something anything nothing everything等不定代词常用不定式做后置定语 Doyouhaveanything send Ihavenothing say tosend tosay 6 不定式作状语 Adverbial 1 目的状语 todo inorderto soastodo Istayedtheretoseewhatwouldhappen Hespokeloudlyinordertobeheard 2 结果状语 too todo so such astodo Helayinthebedonly hisfeetexposed Hegotthereonly find thetraingone 3 原因状语 be adj todo sorry surprised happy glad eager angry foolish right wrong slow quick rude cruel Wewereveryexcitedtohearthenews Ihavetosaygoodbyenow I mhappytomeetyou tofind tofind 辨析 doing todo作结果状语Iwenttoseemyauntonlytofindherout Iwenttoseemyaunt findingherout Hedonatedalotofmoney enable theorphanstogotoschool Hedonatedalotofmoney enable theorphanstogotoschool toenable enabling 动词不定式的时态和语态 todo tohavedone tobedoing tohavebeendoing tobedone tohavebeendone 1 Theypretendednottoseeus 2 Hepretendedtobesleeping 3 Shepretendedtohaveknownitbefore 在谓语动词发生的同时 不定式的动作也正在进行 完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前 4 We rehappytohavebeenworkingwithyou 完成进行式表示谓语动作发生之前 不定式的动作一直在进行而且可能之后也继续 Itisanhonorforme invite toattendthemeeting Hewantsthehouse repair atonce tobeinvited toberepaired stoptodosth 停下来去做某事doingsth 停止做某事forgettodosth 忘记去做某事doingsth 忘记已做了某事 remembertodosth 记得去做某事doingsth 记得曾经做某事 注意 一 几对易混淆的词组 一些动词不定式可用作独立成分 表示说话人的态度 totellthetruth说实话tobehonest坦率地说tobeginwith首先nottosay更不用说 注意 二 不定式做插入语 1爱和被爱都是最大的幸福 arebothgreathappiness 2据说他已经完成了他的工作 Heissaid 3根据报道他们已安全到达 Theyarereported Toloveandtobeloved tohavefinished completed hiswork 翻译下面的句子 tohavearrivedsafely 4我