高三书面表达指导专项(八)-正反观点类.doc

高三书面表达指导专项（八）-正反观点对比对同一件事情，人们常有不同的看法，即正反两种观点。在写作时，常使用一般现在时。写作格式一般是：提出问题两种不同观点对两种不同观点的论据（理由）逐项作对比。有时题目会要求说出自己的观点，可在结尾段加上自己的观点并简要说明理由，最好不要重复前面的已谈到的理由。写作方式一般采用集中比较。在写作时可用以下句型来组织完成整篇文章：正反观点对比常用句型 (1) We have a discussion about 我们对进行了一次讨论。Weve had a discussion about whether an entrance fee should be charged for parks.(2) We have had a survey on 我们对开展了一次调查。Weve had a survey on whether students should be allowed to carry mobile phones to schools.(3) Opinions are divided on the question. 在这个问题上意见有分歧。(4) Opinions are mainly divided into two groups. 有两种不同意见。(5) Others have different opinions. 其他人有不同看法。(5) Sixty percent of the students are for the idea, while forty percent of the students think otherwise. 有60%的学生支持这个观点，然而有40%的学生则不这样认为。(6) Sixty percent of the students think it necessary to, but forty percent of the students dont think so. 60%的学生认为是必须的，而40%的学生则不这样认为。(7) On the one hand, On the other hand, 一方面，另一方面在对某一观点作进一步论证时，可用下列句型：(1) Whats more, 还有就是Whats more, we can get a good knowledge of the culture and social customs of the country where we study, as well as improve our English.(2) Besides, 除此之外Some students cannot discipline themselves. Besides, its far too expensive to study abroad, which is a load to the family.当然在提出多个论据时，也可用First, Second, Third, 来列举论据。2002年高考题范文Dear Editor,Im writing to tell you about the discussion weve had about whether an entrance fee should be charged for parks(提出问题).Opinions are divided on the question(过渡句). 60of the students are against the idea of entrance fee. They believe a public park should be free of charge(观点一). People need a place where they can rest and enjoy themselves. Changing entrance fees will no doubt keep some people away(论据一). What is more, it will become necessary to build gates and walls, which will do harm to the appearance of a city(论据二).On the other hand, 40 think that fees should be charged(观点二) because you need money to pay gardeners and other workers(论据一), and to buy plants and young trees(论据二). They suggest, however, fees should be charged low. Yours truly i Hua可以看出，这类文章的写作，首先要提出问题，即双方讨论的问题。接下来提出观点一，并用一系列论据进行阐明。说明完观点一之后，再提出观点二，继续用论据进行说明。如果需要说明自己的观点，可接下来说明自己的观点。1表示原因1）There are three reasons for this2）The reasons for this are as follows3）The reason for this is obvious4）The reason for this is not far to seek5）The reason for this is that6）We have good reason to believe that例如：There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our lifeFirstly，peoples living standard has been greatly improvedSecondly，most people are well paid , and they can afford what they need or likeLast but not least，more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life注：如考生写第一个句子没有把握，可将其改写成两个句子。如：Great changes have taken place in our lifeThere are three reasons for this这样写可以避免套用中的表达失误。2表示好处1）It has the following advantages2）It does us a lot of good3）It benefits us quite a lot4）It is beneficial to us5）It is of great benefit to us例如：Books are like friendsThey can help us know the world better，and they can open our minds and widen our horizonsTherefore，reading extensively is of great benefit to us3表示坏处1）It has more disadvantages than advantages2）It does us much harm3）It is harmful to us例如：However，everything divides into twoTelevision can also be harmful to usIt can do harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching television你校同学进行了一场有关英语听力测试的讨论。讨论的主题是：英语测试中的听力部分该不该取消？请你根据下表中的提示写一篇短文，介绍讨论的情况。一些同学认为另一些同学认为A不应该取消；B听是语言的四项基本技能之一；不能忽视；C听是获取信息的重要途径之一；D国际合作日益增多，听、说能力应加强。A应该取消；B考试中各地收听效果好坏不一，不公平；C英语教师和语音设备城乡差异过大；D今后并非人人都要与外国人进行口头交流。注意：参考词汇：取消cancel；国际合作international cooperation【参考范文】The students of our school had a discussion about whether listening test in the National Matriculation English Test should be kept or canceled. Some students think that listening test should not be canceled. They insist listening is among the four basic skills. We therefore can not ignore it. Besides, listening is one of the important cannels for us to get information from the outside world. So it should be strengthened today while international cooperation is becoming more and more frequently. But others dont agree. They think not everyone has to communicate with foreigners in the future. Moreover listening test is unfair to the students in the areas where radio signals cannot be picked up effectively. And for certain reasons ,there is a big difference in teathers and equipment between the countryside and the city.使用手机发短信俗称“拇指文化”（Thumb Culture），假设你班同学最近也在讨论这个话题，请根据下表提示用英语写一篇短文，介绍讨论的情况。大部分同学认同2,4,少数同学反对1迅速打出短信，及时取得并保持联系；2随时传递信息或笑话娱乐朋友；3短信比传统书信贺卡更有时尚感。1频繁使用手机打字发短信，可能损伤拇指，造成拇指疼痛；2随意传递笑话会干扰对方工作或学习。3传统沟通方式，如写信、贺卡等更显温馨。注意：1参考词汇：text messages 短信【参考范文】The Pros and Cons on Thumb CultureThe other day our class had a discussion on the advantages and disadvantages of Thumb Culture.Most students are for sending text messages with cell phones because rapidly typed messages can keep them in touch with one another constantly. Besides, text messages with greetings or jokes seem more fashionable to the young than hand-written cards.However, the minority of the students are against it. They say Thumb Culture may cause new health problems or even injure the thumb by repeating the same typing movements too frequently. Unexpected messages may disturb your friends if they are working or studying. In addition, such traditional ways of communication as hand-written letters and cards can bring people more feeling of warmth.Anyway, its hard for us to reach the same conclusion. Maybe the argument will long exist.寒假将至，班级里很多同学都打算去海南度假。就选择何种交通方式，班级进行了一场讨论。请你根据下表所提供的信息，客观地介绍讨论情况，并阐述你自己的个人观点。60%的同学选择坐飞机40%的同学选择坐火车1 速度快2 环境舒适3 1 价格便宜2 能观赏沿途的风景3 注意：词数100120，文章开头已给出（不计词数）The winter vacation approaching, there has been a heated discussion about the means of transport by which we like to travel to Hainan. 【参考范文】The winter vacation approaching, there has been a heated discussion about the means of transport by which we like to travel to Hainan. Opinions are divided on this problem. 60% of the classmates are in favor of the idea to take a plane. In their opinion, nothing can match a plane for speed. Besides, the popularity of the plane is due to the clean and comfortable environment and excellent service. However, 40% of the classmates show more interest in taking a train. The reasons can be listed as follows. Firstly, compared with a plane, the cost for a trip by train is quite low. Secondly, taking a train, they can enjoy the natural beauty, which will be an unforgettable experience. As far as I am concerned, Id like to choose to travel in a train for its safety and reasonable price. With beautiful scenery always in sight, the train is my most favorite form of transport in the travel.人们的生活水平越来越高, 购买汽车的人越来越多。下面是人们对于个人购买汽车的两种不同的意见，请根据这两种看法，写一篇短文，并表达自己对于这件事情的看法。赞成反对1. 个人购买汽车可加速汽车工业的发展；2. 上下班方便；3. 使人们的生活多姿多彩。1. 使道路更加拥挤；2. 使污染更加严重；3. 使得能能源的供应更加紧张。注意： 1词数：100左右（不包括已给的起始句）。As time goes on, people are getting richer and their life is getting better and better._【参考范文】As time goes on, people are getting richer and their life is getting better and better. As a result, more people are ready to buy cars for their own use. But different people have different ideas about whether they should buy cars for personal use.Some people hold the belief that buying cars for personal use can help develop motor industry in our country. With the help of cars, it will be convenient for them to go to and off work. Besides, cars can make their life more colourful and beautiful.As we all know, every coin has two sides. Some people think that more personal cars will make roads more crowded and produce more dirty gases. In addition, more cars will use more resources. Therefore, too many cars will make energy supply more demanding.As far as I am concerned, I think it necessary for people to buy their own cars as long as they are able to.某明星最近卷入一起丑闻，他代言的某产品经检验被视为虚假广告。此事在你校学生中引起很大反响。大家对“该不该买明星促销的商品”这一问题进行了讨论。看法各不相同。请根据下表提示写一篇短文，介绍讨论的情况，并阐述你的看法（至少两点）。YesNo1） 大多数明星很关心代言产品的质量2） 买明星促销的商品是支持偶像的一种方式1） 有的明星作广告见利忘义2） 推销的产品并非适合每个人字数：120字左右（短文的开头部分已给出，不计字数）参考词汇：促销 promote A famous star was involved in a scandal（丑闻） when the product he spoke for was found to be ineffective. This brought a great reaction from the students in our school.【参考范文】Opinions are divided on the problem about whether we should buy products promoted by a star.Some students say that they prefer to buy products promoted by a star because most of them care about the quality of the products they are going to advertise. Besides, buying those products is a way to support the stars they like.However, others express their opposite opinions. They think what some stars really care when they make an advertisement is money but not the quality of the product. In addition, the product that a star advertises is not necessarily suitable for everyone.In my opinion, we should be cool and sensible while choosing a product. The main aspect we are supposed to consider is not the advertisement or the star but the quality of products and their real usefulness in our daily life.假设你是李华，最近某英文报正在讨论“每天是否应该留家庭作业(Is daily homework necessary?)”这一问题。以下表格内容是你所在班级讨论的情况。请你给该报编辑写一封信，反映讨论结果，并表明你自己的看法。70%同学赞成30%同学反对你的看法复习课上所学内容；增进理解与记忆提高时间管理与安排的能力减少与家人相处时间；减少参与其他活动的机会感到疲乏，学习兴趣降低。？February 24，20Dear Editor，Recently our class have had a discussion about whether it is necessary to had daily homework. Different classmates have different opinions . Yours, trulyLi Hua 【参考范文】Dear Editor,Recently our class have had a discussion about whether it is necessary to have daily homeworkDifferent classmates have different opinions70 of my classmates are willing to accept daily homeworkThey think homework helps them review what has been taught in classBesides，by doing daily homework, they can better understand and memorize their lessonsFurthermore，their skills in managing time call also be improvedHowever,30 of the students have different ideasThey believe that homework reduces their amount of time with their families，not to mention the time for other activitiesWith much homework to do, students feel tired, and will gradually lose interest in their lessonsIn my opinion, daily homework is necessary, but it must serve a purpose and be fit for a students abilityAlso，the amount of homework should be limited Yours，truly Li Hua许多老师和家长都希望高三的同学能住校学习，而很多同学却喜欢走读。假设你是李华，请根据下面表格中所提供的信息和你个人的看法，给某中学生英语报写一封信介绍有关情况。老师和家长的观点同学们的观点你的观点1. 方便问问题2. 充分利用时间3. 培养独立生活的能力1. 往返走读可以得到放松2. 在家安静，学习效率高3. 学习内容可以自由安排 Dear Sir, Im a student of Senior 3. I am writing to tell you about the discussion weve had about whether to board in the school or at home. Yours,Li Hua【参考范文】Dear Sir,Im a student of Senior 3. I am writing to tell you about the discussion weve had about whether to board in the school or at home.Many of our parents and teachers ask us to board in the school. They say it will be very convenient for us to ask questions whenever necessary. Besides, they think its possible for us to make full use of our time and develop our ability to be independent.However, we students have our own thoughts. On our way to school or back home, we can get relaxed. It is quiet at home and we can study efficiently. Whats more, whatever we want while staying at home, we can be free to learn .In my opinion, it is a better idea to stay at home in the evening.Yours,Li Hua目前中学生中，尤其是高三阶段，家长陪读之风盛行，有的家长甚至不惜辞职或请长假。请你就此事发表你的观点，内容包括以下几点：益处给孩子做可口的饭菜，洗衣服，从而让孩子有更多的时间学习和休息。不利影响增加家庭经济负担；给学生造成许多精神压力；孩子的独立生活能力得不到培养。你的态度约120个字；开头已给出，不计入总词数。Nowadays many parents decide to leave their work in order to keep their children company in schools when they reach Senior Three. _【参考范文】假设你在自己的班级就学生对校服态度问题进行了调查（survey）。下面是对部分学生调查的统计表。请参照该统计表给校报写一篇有关校服问题的调查报告，并简要阐述自己的观点。意见类型百分比原 因赞 同50颜色好，整齐大方，符合年龄特征和学生身份，不盲目赶时髦，能显示平等和谐氛围。不赞同30颜色、款式和样式等不能彰显个性。无所谓20服从学安排，并不在意其他因素。注意：1、参考词语：赶时髦：follow fashion校服：school uniformI did a survey about our school uniform. I asked some of my classmates what they thought about our uniform. Here is the brief report about it 【参考范文】I did a survey about our school uniform. I asked some of my classmates what they thought about our uniform. Here is the brief report about it.The majority like it. 50% of them say it is very fashionable and the color is very nice. They think it is neat and tidy, and suits the students. In some students opinion, when they wear our school uniform they feel equal. And they dont need to follow fashion.Others, that is 30%, dont like the school uniform. Some of them feel it uncomfortable and the color is too dull. Some even consider it old-fashioned. Whats more, its style is too simple, lacking personality.And the rest take no notice of it, saying, to obey the school rule is the only best choice.I think its better to have school uniforms, and if possible, better to hold a DIY competition among students beforehand.春晚是中国人民欢度春节的一个传统节目。近来，宁波晚报英文版就“春晚有否必要继续举办”的话题进行了讨论，请你根据下列提示写一篇短文，并表明你的个人观点。赞成1. 家人团聚 2.展现民俗文化 3.反对1. 节目缺乏新意 2.商业化色彩浓 3.我的看法1. 词数120左右；2. 参考词汇：春晚the Spring Festival Gala Evening【参考范文】The Spring Festival Gala Evening is really a great event for many Chinese peopleBut in recent years，some people have doubted whether it is necessary to hold itThere was a lively discussion in Ningbo Evenings English edition about this issue The advantages of holding the Spring Festival Gala Evening lie in the following aspectsFirstly, family members often get reunited to watch itAlso it allows people to participate in the partyWhats more，the programs are linked to peoples daily life，which makes them happyHowever，others think that it should be dropped because it lacks creativity and people are tired of itWhats worse，more and more commercial programs have taken the place of high quality ones，which has made people lose interestPersonally，I hope it will continueAfter all，it has been a tradition for many yearsBut the style and content should be reformed and recreated随着信息技术的快速发展，网络语言以其快捷的传播方式进入了人们的生活。根据某机构最近对某市中学生的调查，发现中学生对网络语言的使用看法不一，结果如下：支持者1. 网络语言是信息时代发展的产物，是草根文化的新形式； 2. 易懂，易学，使用快捷方便； 3. 网络语言很酷很有趣，丰富了校园文化生活，缓解了学习压力。反对者1. 有些网络语言粗鲁，庸俗； 2. 汉语言是传统文化的基础，过多地使用网络语言会使下一代逐渐淡忘传统文化；你的观点（不少于两点）请给21世纪英语报写一遍题为Is cyber language dangerous？