高三非谓语动词复习.ppt

非谓语动词 TheNon predicativeVerbs 非谓语动词与高考 Correctthesentences 1 Theexpresscompanywillgetallthesegoodsreceiveddeliveringtothecustomerstoday 2 Itisdifficulttounderstandingwhyshebarkseveryminuteshe soutside 3 I togetherwithmytwofriends waseatingdinnerataChineserestaurant locatingintheCenterofNewYork delivered understand located 5 Theabilityexpressone sideasomehowdecideshowfaronecangetalonginone scollege 4 Weallenjoyedthepreciousdaygreatly rememberthetimewespenttogether remembering to 6 Ifhetakesonthiswork hewillhavenochoicebut meet anevengreaterchallenge 7 Inthebeautycompetition womenareasked perform someoftheexercisestothemusic 8 work fortwodays Stevemanagedtofinishedhisreportonschedule 9 Likeancientsailors birdscanfindtheirway use thesunandthestars 10 Youcannotacceptanoption offer toyouunlessitisbasedonfacts tomeet toperform Havingworked using offered 1 Chattingonline studentscanmorefreelyexpresstheirfeelingsandopinions 2 Theythinkmakingfriendsonlineisawasteoftime whichshouldbespentmoremeaningfullyonstudy 3 Mywishistobeadmittedtomyfavouriteuniversity 非谓语动词与写作 什么是非谓语动词啊 非谓语非谓语 就是不是谓语的动词呗 那不是谓语是什么呢 Lookatthefollowingsentences 1 Thechildrenarepickingapplesonthefarm 2 Pickingapplesisveryinteresting 3 WewenttopickapplesonthefarmlastSunday 谓语 非谓语动词主语 非谓语动词目的状语 英语一句话只能有一个主谓结构 如果出现更多动词 1 加连词 and but so 2 放入从句3 变为非谓语动词 在句子中充当除谓语以外的 的动词形式叫做 也就是说非谓语动词可以做 句子成分 非谓语动词 主语 表语 宾语 定语 补足语 状语 非谓语动词 动名词 分词 不定式 现在分词 过去分词 一 作主语1 swim isgoodforhealth 2 raise yourhattoaladyisgoodmanners 3 see istobelieve 4 kill bysharksintheseaisacommonthing 5 It simportant learn Englishwell 6 It sagreathonor invite toyourparty Raising Beingkilled Tosee tolearn Swimming tobeinvited 非谓语动词中 都可以作主语 动名词作主语表示 不定式作主语往往表示 的动作 如 Playingwithfireisdangerous 泛指玩火 Toplaywithfirewillbedangerous 指一具体动作 若句子的主语和表语都为非谓语动词 其形式要求一致 Teachingislearning Toteachistolearn 动名词和不定式 一般或抽象的多次 性行为 具体的或一次性 动名词作主语的句型 it作形式主语 It snouse good doingsthIt suseless senselessdoingsthIt sawasteoftime agoodpleasuredoingsth 动词不定式作主语的句型Itis kind good nice silly lovely stupid clever foolish unwise wrong friendly polite selfish brave careless ofsb todosth 性格和品质类形容词 Itis difficult easy hard important dangerous possible impossible necessary forsb todosth 事物性质类形容词 1 Itisnouse cry overspiltmilk 2 Itisimportantforme learn English 3 Itisawasteoftime talk tohim4 It snecessaryforyou obey 5 Itwilltakeustwoyears complete thework talking tolearn crying tocomplete toobey Correctthemistakes 1 WatchTVtoomuchisbadforoureyes Watching2 BecheatedontheInternetisacommonphenomenon Beingcheated3 Togotobedearlyandtogetupearlyareagoodhabitforus is4 Theyoungmaniseasygetalongwith toget 二 作表语1 Teachingislearning Toteachistolearn 2 Myhobbyis make modelplanes 3 Myjobis help thepatient 4 Whatworriedthechildmostwas not allow tovisithismotherinthehospital 5 Heseemed scold byhisfathersincehelookedupsetthen 6 Thenewsis excite 7 Allofusare disappoint making notbeingallowed tohelp tohavebeenscolded exciting disappointed 表语 动名词 分词 不定式 Completethefollowingsentences 1 他的工作是教汉语 HisjobisteachingChinese 2 你目前该做的事情是照顾好这个婴儿 Whatyoushoulddonowistotakegoodcareofthebaby 3 这个故事太感人了 我们都被感动了 Thestorywassomovingthatweallmovedbyit 4 你的坏习惯是读书不求甚解 Yourbadhabitisreading toread withoutthroughunderstanding 5 看完信后 他显得很忧虑 Helookedworriedafterreadingtheletter 6 我的愿望是明年被一所重点大学录取 Mywishistobeadmittedtoakeyuniversitynextyear 1 Wewouldappreciate hear fromyou 2 Iwant go home 3 Thebirdescaped catch 4 Ifeellike join thearmy 5 Hewasafraidof abandon byus V ing形式既可作动词的宾语 也可作介词的宾语 beingabandoned beingcaught joining hearing togo 三 作宾语 6 Theworkersdemanded get betterpay 7 Ifounditnecessary talk tohimagain 8 Sheasked send toworkinXinjiang 9 Thefilmisworth see again 10 I mglad give agoldring toget totalk tobesent tobegiven seeing 少数形容词如glad nice pleased等也可以接不定式作宾语 宾语 下列动词一般用动名词作宾语 请牢记下面的口诀 考虑建议盼原谅 承认推迟没得想 避免错过继续练 否认完成就欣赏 禁止想象才冒险 不禁介意准逃亡 consider suggest advise lookforwardto excuse pardon admit delay putoff fancy 想象 设想 avoid miss keep keepon practice deny finish enjoy appreciate forbid imagine risk can thelp mind allow permit escape 此外 beusedto beaccustomedto 习惯于 leadto devoteto gobackto stickto objectto getdownto 着手做 payattentionto beaddictedto 对 上瘾 沉溺于 can tstand 无法忍受 giveup feellike insiston contributeto apologizefor bebusy in havedifficulty trouble in haveagood wonderful hardtime in spendtime in 等动词词组也要用动名词作宾语 如 只能接不定式作宾语的动词 hope wish promise refuse arrange decide fail manage offer prepare pretend prefer ask choose expect 请熟记下面几对易混淆的词组 1 stoptodosth 停止去做某事stopdoingsth 停止正在做 2 forgettodosth 忘记去做 forgetdoingsth 忘记已做了 3 remembertodosth 记得去做 rememberdoingsth 记得曾经做 4 regrettodosth遗憾要去做 regretdoingsth后悔做过 5 trytodosth 努力做某事trydoingsth 尝试做某事6 meantodosth 打算做某事meandoingsth 意味着做某事7 can thelp to dosth 不能帮忙做某事can thelpdoingsth 情不自禁做某事 1 他设法提前完成这件工作 Hetried theworkaheadoftime 2 我通常乘火车去那儿 为什么不换乘船呢 Iusuallygotherebytrain Whynottry byboatforachange 3 我很遗憾地通知你你不能通过这次考试Iregret youthatyoucan tpasstheexamination 4 我很抱歉打扰了你那么久 Iregret yousolong tofinish going disturbing totell Completethefollowingsentences1 这里禁止吸烟 所以我们不允许你吸 Smokingisforbiddenheresowedon tallowyou 2 我们不准在大厅内吸烟Wedon tallow inthehall t tosmoke smoking 归纳 在动词allow advise forbid permit后直接跟动名词作宾语 如果后面有名词或代词作宾语 则用动词不定式作宾语补足语 即 allow permit forbid advise sb todosth doingsth 注意 不定式用在介词but except besides后时 如果这些介词前有行为动词do的各种形式 那么介词后的不定式不带to 相反则带to 1 Shecoulddonothingbut cry 2 Ihavenochoicebut go 3 Whatdoyouliketodobesides sleep cry togo sleep 前有do后没to 前没do后有to Exercises 1 Thethiefenteredtheroomwithout A noticingB beingnoticedC havingnoticedD havingbeennoticed2 Besides sheiskindandtender A beautifulB beingbeautifulC shebeautifulD isbeautiful3 Hefeelsitaduty thedisabled A tohelpB helpC helpingD helped4 Thelightintheofficeisstillon Oh Iforgot A turningitoffB turnitoffC toturnitoffD havingturneditoff B B A C 5 IfoundtheGermanlanguagehard A learnedB learningC tobelearnedD tolearn6 Iambusy fortheentranceexamination soIcan thelp houseworkathome A preparing doingB preparing doC toprepare doingD toprepare todo7 Thesentencewants oncemore A explainedB toexplainC beingexplainedD explaining D B D Thisisafilm Hero called Shehasalotofwork todo Thisisa bird flying Completethefollowingsentences 用所给词的适当形式填空 1 Theyoungman sit betweenJohnandMaryistheeditorofthecampusnewspaper 2 Themeeting attend by1 000students wasasuccess 3 Thehouse build lastyearismyuncle shouse 4 Thehouse build nextyearismyaunt shouse 5 Thehouse build nowismysister shouse built sitting attended tobebuilt beingbuilt lastyear nextyear now 6 Theman shake handswithMr Livisitedourclassyesterday 7 Thestudents wear theirschooluniforms marchedintotheplayground 8 Themedicine discover almostbyaccident hasgreatlychangedtheworld 9 Sheisalwaysthefirst one come andthelasttoleave shaking wearing discovered tocome 10 Heistheonlyperson know thetruth 当名词被thefirst second next only last等词修饰时 其后可用不定式作定语 11 Canyoutellwhythe sunlooksmuchbiggerthanthe sun rise rising risen toknow 定语 主动进行令人 的 被动完成感到 的 drinkingwaterreadingroom thewaterfordrinking theroomforreading 表用途 thesleepingbaby fallenleaves thebrokencup runningwater excitingnews thedisappointingboy thedisappointedboy theworktodo theboystandingthere ThewindowbrokenbyTom theclothestowashtomorrow 现在分词和过去分词主要的区别表现在语态和时间关系上 语态上的不同 现在分词表示主动的意义而过去分词则表示被动的意义 asmilingboyabrokenwindowamovingfilmamovedaudience时间关系上的不同 现在分词所表示的动作往往正在进行而过去分词所表示的动作已完成boilingwaterboiledwatertherisingsuntherisensunadevelopingcountryadevelopedcountry Hehasalotofworktodo Heistherightpersontodoit It sthebestwaytolearnEnglish 主谓 动宾 说明内容 不定式作定语的基本条件 不定式与它所修饰的名词在逻辑上必须具备以下条件之一 1 主谓关系2 动 介 宾关系3 说明所修饰词的内容 多为抽象名词或序数词 Ihavenochairtositon Ihavealotofclothestowash tobewashed Payattentiontothefollowing thefoodtolive thepentowrite theroomtolive theknifetocut thepersontowrite anicemantowork apieceofpapertowrite adesktowrite on with in with about with on on sleeping facing written polluted 句型转换 复合句变简单句 1 Weliveinaroomwhichfacesthesouth Weliveinaroomthesouth 2 Theboywhoissleepingismybrother The boyismybrother 3 Thisisabookwhichwaswrittenbyapleasant Thisisabook byapeasant 4 Don tdrinkthewaterthatispolluted Don tdrinkthe water 比较 Heisthemanvisitingourclassyesterday Heisthemanwhovisitedourclassyesterday 误 正 ing分词作定语一般要求其动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生或是在说话时该动作正在进行 否则 要用从句作定语 Doyouknowtheboytalkingtotheteacher 简单句变复合句1 Thebookwrittenbythepeasantisinteresting 2 Doyouknowthegirldancingwithyourbrother Thebookwhichwaswrittenbythepeasantisinteresting Doyouknowthegirlwhoisdancingwithyourbrother 3 Thebuildingtobebuiltnextyearwillbetheteachingbuilding Thebuildingwhichwillbebuiltnextyearwillbetheteachingbuilding 4 Thebuildingbeingbuiltnowwillbethelabbuilding Thebuildingwhichisbeingbuiltnowwillbethelabbuilding 5 What sthelanguagespokeninGermany What sthelanguagewhichisspokeninGermany 6 Doyoulikethepicturehangingonthewall Doyoulikethepicturewhichishangingonthewall 单选题1 WhenIhandedthereporttoJohn hesaidthatGeorgewastherightperson A tosendB forsendingitC tosendittoD forsendingitto2 Therewasaterriblenoise thesuddenburstoflight A followedB followingC tobefollowedD beingfollowed C B 3 Thefirsttextbooks forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury A havingwrittenB tobewrittenC beingwrittenD written4 Thebuilding inourschoolisforusteachers Thoughthere snoisemostoftheday westillfeelhappyaboutit A builtB havingbeenbuiltC tobebuildD beingbuilt D D 2020 3 16 53 可编辑 5 Thisisoneofthequestions atthemeetingnow A todiscussB tobediscussedC beingdiscussedD discussed6 Wouldyoupleasegivemeapieceofpaper A towriteB towriteonC towritewithD tobe C B 7 Heislookingforaroom A livedB livingC toliveinD tolive C 注意 作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词 或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点工具等 不定式后面须有相应的介词 但是不定式所修饰的名词如果是time place或way 不定式后面的介词习惯上要省去 如 Hehadnomoneyandnoplacetolive 他没钱没地方住 1 Hegothissister write aletterforhim 2 Ihadthatdoor paint onlylastweek 3 Ourteachershaveus do ourhomeworkeveryday 4 Thebossmadetheworkers work allnightlong 5 AweekagoIhadahundreddollars save 6 Don thavethelightinyourroom burn allnightlong towrite painted do work saved burning 宾补 分词 不定式 done doing 主动进行 被动完成 取决于谓语动词 seewatchlookathearlistentofeelnotice sb dodoingdone makelethave A 感官动词 o o c 有三种形式感官动词 sb doIsawhimcomein Weoftenhearhersinginthenextroom 感官动词 sb doingIsawhimcominginwhenIraisedmyeyes Ifelthimtremblingallthetime 感官动词 sth doneIsawhimscoldedbyhisfather Theysawtheglassbroken sb be seenwatchedlookedatheardlistenedtofeltnoticed todo madelet 1 Thebossmadethemwork12hoursaday Theyweremadetowork12hoursaday 2 Weoftenhearhersinginthenextroom Sheisoftenheardtosinginthenextroom 3 Welastsawhimplayingbythelake Hewaslastseenplayingbythelake advise allow ask beg tell expect encourage force get hate invite order wish want warn remind promise permit persuade request sb todo 1 老师吩咐我们做练习1和练习2 TheteachertoldustodoExercises1and2 2 他们邀请我去参加他们的讨论会 Theyinvitedmetoattendtheirdiscussion 3 医生叫我不用担心我妈妈 Thedoctoraskedmenottoworryaboutmymother 4 妈妈允许我做完作业后看电视 MymotherallowsmetowatchTVafterIfinishmyhomework 1 Weconsiderhim tobe agoodteacher 2 Heprovedthattheory tobe veryimportant 3 Ithoughther tobe niceandhonestthefirsttimeImether makeoneselfdone Ican tmakemyselfunder stoodbecauseofmybrokenEnglish Aliarcan tmakehimselfbelieved find O doing done Hefoundawalletlyingontheground Ifoundthecitychangedalot 比较 Ifinditdifficult get alongwithhim toget 1 Themanagerdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee thenextyear A carryoutB carryingoutC carriedoutD tocarryout2 There saholeinyourbag Iknow I mgoingtohaveit A mendB mendingC mendedD tobemended C C 3 Thoughhehadoftenmadehislittlesister todayhewasmade byhislittlesister A cry tocryB crying cryingC cry cryD tocry cry4 Theywouldnotallowhim acrosstheenemyline A toriskgoingB riskingtogoC forrisktogoD riskgoing A A 5 Ifoundthedoor whenIgothome A openedB closeC unlockingD open6 Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet buthismothertoldhim A nottoB nottodoC notdoD donotto7 Icouldn tdomyhomeworkwithallthatnoise A goingonB goesonC wentonD togoon D A A 8 Withalotofdifficultproblems thenewly electedpresidentishavingahardtime A settledB settlingC tosettleD beingsettled9 Iadvised atonce A himtostartingB himtostartC tostartingD tostart10 WhenIputmyhandonhischest Icouldfeelhisheartstill A beatB tobebeatingC beatingD wasbeating C B C 观察下面句子划线部分充当什么成分 1 Togetagoodview heclimbedtothetopofthehill 2 Arrivingthere callmeup 3 Seenfromthehill thecitylooksbeautiful 4 Hisparentsdied leavinghimanorphan 不定式作状语 现在分词作状语 过去分词作状语 现在分词作结果状语 状语 doing与主语为主动关系 done与主语为被动关系 作目的状语 onlytodo例外 作其他状语 Hearingthebadnews theycouldn thelpcrying Whentheyheardthebadnews Givenmoreattention thetreescouldhavegrownbetter Ifthetreeshadbeengivenmoreattention they Beingsoangry hecouldn tgotosleep Becausehewassoangry Theycameintotheclassroom singingandlaughing Toservethepeoplewell Istudyhard 请比较以下两个句子 Seenfromthesky ourcityisverybeautiful Seeingthecityfromthesky wefinditisverybeautiful 使用何种分词 要取决于分词与句子主语之间的关系 主谓关系用现在分词 动宾或被动关系用过去分词 Ifthecityisseenfromthesky itisverybeautiful Ifweseethecityfromthesky wefinditisverybeautiful theoldman wewentupstairs follow 2 bytheoldman wewentupstairs follow Following Followed 请比较以下两个句子 1 Hearingthenews theyalljumpedwithjoy 2 Havingarrivedatthefactory theyimmediatelysettowork 如果分词所表示的动作和谓语的动作同时发生或几乎同时发生 用现在分词的一般式 如果分词动作明显在谓语之前发生 用现在分词的完成式 Whentheyhearthenews theyalljumpedwithjoy Aftertheyhadarrivedatthefactory theyimmediatelysettowork 1 whathadhappened hetoldusaboutit ask 2 tell manytimes hemadethesamemistakeagain 请思考 这两句与前面两句有什么区别 Asked Havingbeentold 1 Ihurriedtothepostofficeonly find itclosed 2 Herantothestationonly tell thatthetrainhadleft 3 Hisfatherdied leave himalotofdebts 4 Theboygrewupdaybyday become strongerandstronger tofind tobetold leaving becoming 请比较以下几个句子 动词不定式todo和ving形式作结果状语区别 1 动词不定式作结果状语通常表示意想不到的结果 常与only连用构成onlytodosth2 动词ing形式作结果状语通常表示自然而然的情况或结果 Herantothestationonly find thetrainhadleft Hisfatherdied leave himalotofdebts tofind leaving I 用括号中所给动词或短语的适当形式填空 1 Hewalkedupanddowntheroom inthought lose 2 nobodyathome shedecidedtoleavethemanote see 3 moretime Iwoulddiitbetter give 4 Theystoodthereforanhour thegame watch 5 heraddress wecouldn tgetintouchwithher notknow 6 bymanypeople hecontinuedhisstudy laughat lost Seeing Given watching Notknowing Laughedat 7 inahurry thisarticlewasnotsogood write 注意 written为过去分词作状语 表示这篇文章是被写的 而且已经被写 8 indeepthought hedidn thearthesound absorb 值得注意的是 有些过去分词因来源于系表结构 作状语时不表被动而表主动 这样的过去分词及短语常见的有 belost 迷路 beseated 坐 hidden 躲 stationed 驻扎 belost absorbedin 沉溺于 born 出身于 bedressedin 穿着 tiredof 厌烦 Written Absorbed II 判断下列句子正误 TolearnEnglishwell alotofpracticemustbedone 2 Seeingfromthehill thecityismorebeautiful 3 Heating waterwillboil 4 Gettingthere thedoorwasfoundopened 5 Beingill hisclassmatesenthimtohospital wemustdoalotofpractice Seen Heated wefoundthedooropen hewassenttothehospitalbyhisclassmates 将下列状语从句改为非谓语短语作状语 1 Becauseshewasmovedbythehero shedecidedtostudyharder 2 Whenhefoundherdoorlocked hewenthome Hestartedearlyinorderthathecouldgetthereontime 3 独立主格结构 名词 代词 分词 独立主格结构在句中作状语 相当于状语从句 1 Weatherpermitting we llgooutingtomorrow Ifweatherpermits we llgooutingtomorrow 2 Therebeingnointerestingprograms heturnedofftheTVset Becausetherewerenointerestingprograms heturnedofftheTVset 1 Astherewasnobody hehadtogoalone There nobody hehadtogoalone 2 Iftimepermits Iwillgotoseeyou Time Iwillgotoseeyou 3 Astheworkhadbeenfinished hewenttobed Thework hewenttobed being permitting 当存在不同主语时 可以用V ing形式的独立主格结构 把下列复合句改为简单句 finished I 每空填一词 使该句与所给句子的意思相同 1 Becausehewasill hedidn tgotoschool hedidn tgotoschool 2 Whenshewaswalkingalongthestreetoneday shemetanoldfriendofhers thestreetoneday shemetanoldfriendofhers Beingill Walkingalong 3 Ifitissunny we llgoforapicnictomorrow we llgoforapicnictomorrow