高考英语非谓语动词巧记巧用.doc

高考英语非谓语动词巧记巧用一、接不定式和接动名词意义不同的动词和短语在下列8个动词和短语动词后接不定式和接动名词意义不同：remember to do(记住去做) remember doing(记得做过)forget to do(忘记去做) forget doing(忘记做过)regret to do (遗憾地做) regret doing(后悔做了)try to do(设法做) try doing(试做)go on to do(接着做另一事) go on doing(继续做同一事)mean to do(打算做) mean doing(意味着)stop to do(停下来去做) stop doing(停止做)cant help to do(不能帮助做) cant help doing(情不自禁做) 1. You were brave enough to raise objection at the meeting. Well, now I regret _ that. (全国卷)A. to do B. to be doing C. to have doneD. having done【分析】答案选D。由语境可知“我”“后悔”在会上提出异议，应接动名词。2. The light in the office is still on. Oh，I forgot _. (全国卷) A. turning it off B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. having turned it off【分析】答案选C。表示忘记做某事，事情还没做，forget后接不定式。3. In some parts of London, missing a bus means _ for another hour. (上海卷)A. waiting B. to wait C. wait D. to be waiting【分析】答案选A。由语境可知句中的mean表示“意味着”，后接不定式。4. She reached the top of the hill and stopped _ on a big rock by the side of the path. (全国卷)A. to have rested B. restingC. to rest D. rest【分析】答案选C。休息是停下来的目的，且发生在stop之后，用接不定式的一般式。5. Go on _ the other exercise after you have finished this one. (全国卷)A. to doB. doingC. withD. to be doing【分析】答案选A。表示做完一事后“接着做”另一事，go on后接不定式。 二、表示未成实现的愿望或打算的动词和短语表示未曾实现的愿望或打算，即表示“本打算 / 想 / 希望做某事”但事实上却没做的事情，用plan, intend, mean; want, hope, wish, expect等动词的过去完成时，加不定式的一般式，或者这类动词的一般过去时，加不定式的完成式；was / were, would / should like加不定式的完成式；was / were going加不定式的一般式。如：I would love _ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report. (全国卷)A. to go B. to have goneC. going D. having gone【分析】答案选B。由句意可知，是表示过去未曾实现的期望，用“would love+不定式完成式”。句意是：昨晚我本想去参加聚会的，但是(from ) 三、要接动名词的含有介词的常用句型 在介词后一般用动名词，下面是一些含介词的固定句式(其中有的介词有时会被省略)：prevent / stop / keep sb. / sth. from doing (阻止做)；spend / waste time or money in doing (在做方面花费 / 浪费时间或金钱)；How / What about doing sth. (做怎么样？)；have some difficulty / trouble in doing (在做方面有些困难)；have a hard time in doing sth. (做某事很艰难); there is no sense in doing(做是没有理由 / 道理的)；thank (excuse / admire / praise / blame / scold / punish) sb. for doing sth. (因做某事而感谢 / 羡慕 / 表扬 / 责备某人)等。如：1. Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time _ the exam. (福建卷)A. pass B. to passC. passed D. passing【分析】答案选D。因为have a hard time (in) doing sth. 在做某事方面有困难。2. According to a recent U. S. survey, children spend up to 25 hours a week _ TV. (上海卷)A. to watch B. to watching C. watching D. watch【分析】答案选C。spend some time (in) doing sth. 做某事花了多长时间。3. I believe thats the best way to prevent such a thing _ again. (全国卷)A. to happenB. from happeningC. happened D. happen【分析】答案选B。prevent sb. / sth. from doing 阻止做。4. Did you have trouble _ the post office? (全国卷)A. to have found B. with finding C. to find D. in finding【分析】答案选D。have difficulty / trouble (in) doing sth. 在做方面有困难。 四、to是介词的常用固定结构to是介词和固定词组很多，常见的有：look forward to(盼望), devoteto / be devoted to(致力于), be / get used to(习惯), lead to(导致), get down to(开始认真), pay attention to(注意), refer to(谈到), point to(指向), turn to(转向), object to(反对), equal to(等于、能胜任), belong to(属于)等。如：1. Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to _ some schools for poor children. (上海卷)A. set up B. setting up C. have set up D. having set up【分析】答案选B。devoteto中to是介词，接动名词；all是devote的宾语，he had是省略了关系代词that的定语从句。2. The discovery of new evidence led to _. (上海卷)A. the thief having caughtB. catch the thiefC. the thief being caughtD. the thief to be caught【分析】答案选C。lead to中的to是介词，后接动名词；逻辑主语the thief与catch是被动关系，所以用动名词的被动式(from )。3. She looks forward every spring to _ the flower-lined gar