重庆潼南高考英语阅读、书面表达一轮练习（8）.doc

重庆潼南2015高考英语阅读、书面表达一轮练习（8） 及答案 完形填空。阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从115各题所给的a、b、c和d项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 i agree with the saying that some people “see old memories as a chance to deal with the past and unite past and present.” many people are so _1_ by things that happened in their past that they are not able to focus on the _2_ . for example, in the book ceremony, the main character, tayo, cannot concentrate on the present because he cant forget his troubled childhood and _3_ continues to relive things that happened during that time. however, past memories can help people to _4_ in the present. a _5_ example of people learning from the past would be the marshall plan. after the _6_ of world war ii there were many war-torn countries around the world in need of _7_ assistance to help rebuild their countries, and the united states would have to be the one to _8_ that assistance. many american politicians thought it was _9_ for the us government to spend money abroad on countries that would not be able to repay it for a long time. however, george marshall, a former us general, remembered how the exact same _10_ of why should we spend money on war-torn nations that really owe us reparations (赔款)? had been used after world war i towards germany. the _11_ of assistance towards germany after world war i had caused a gigantic economic depression in germany that had made the mark (german money) virtually _12_ . the german people became so desperate that they started _13_ an extreme german nationalist named adolf hitler, who eventually started world war ii. marshall knew that if the us did not _14_ war-torn germany and, especially, japan, we could _15_ have a world war iii on our hands. 1. a. shocked b. troubled c. punished d. annoyed 2. a. memory b. situation c. present d. future 3. a. constantly b. innocently c. ridiculously d. rarely 4. a. forget b. recover c. enjoy d. compare 5. a. personal b. scientific c. historical d. commercial 6. a. conclusion b. decision c. invasion d. extension 7. a. medical b. political c. economic d. lawful 8. a. need b. provide c. find d. prevent 9. a. reasonable b. necessary c. difficult d. foolish 10. a. statement b. argument c. suggestion d. introduction 11. a. intension b. request c. influence d. lack 12. a. hopeless b. worthless c. worldwide d. valuable 13. a. refusing b. employing c. supporting d. charging 14. a. stop b. warn c. resist d. help 15. a. similarly b. simplyc. regularly d. unlikely 1.【答案】b【解析】考查过去分词及语境的理。a.震惊，震动；b.麻烦，烦恼，折磨；c.惩罚；d.打扰，恼怒。由“for example, in the book ceremony, the main character, tayo, cannot concentrate on the present because he cant forget his troubled childhood”可知许多人被过去所发生的事情困扰。故选b。2.【答案】c【解析】考查名词及语境的理解。a.记忆；b.情况，形势，处境；c.现在，礼物；d.未来。由例子中的“tayo, cannot concentrate on the present because he cant forget his troubled childhood”可知许多被过去所困扰的人不能专注于现在。故选c。3.【答案】a【解析】考查副词及语境的理解。a.不断地，时常地；b.纯洁地，无罪地；c.可笑地，荒谬地；d.很少地，罕有地。由“he cant forget his troubled childhood”可知他无法忘记困扰的童年，并时常不断地重新体验在那期间所发生的事情。故选a。4.【答案】d【解析】考查动词及语境的理解。a.忘记；b.恢复，重新获得；c.享受，喜爱；d.比较。根据下文的马歇尔计划，可知过去的记忆能帮助人们比较现在。故选d。5.【答案】c【解析】考查形容词及语境的理解。a.个人的；b.科学的；c.历史的；d.商业的。因为马歇尔计划是一个历史事件，所以选c。6.【答案】a【解析】考查名词及语境的理解。a.结论，结局；b.决定；c.入侵，侵略；d.延长，延期，扩展。由“there were many war-torn countries ”可知是在二战结束后。7.【答案】c【解析】考查形容词及语境的理解。a.医学的；b.政治的；c.经济的；d.法律的。由“many american politicians thought”可知需要的是政治援助。故选c。8.【答案】b【解析】考查动词及语境的理。a.需要；b.提供；c.发现；d.阻止。由“the us government to spend money abroad on countries that would not be able to repay it for a long time.”可知美国将是提供援助的那个国家。故选b。9.【答案】d【解析】考查形容词及语境的理解。a.合理的，公道的；b.必要的，必需的；c.困难的；d.愚蠢的。“the us government to spend money abroad on countries that would not be able to repay it for a long time.”美国为海外国家花钱，而且长时间内得不到回报，这似乎是愚蠢的。故选d。10.【答案】b【解析】考查名词及语境的理解。a.声明，陈述，报表；b.争论；c.建议，示意；d.介绍，引进。由“why should we spend money on war-torn nations that really owe us reparations (赔款)? had been used after world war i towards germany.”可以看出这是一次争论。故选b。11.【答案】d【解析】考查名词及语境的理解。a.强度，加剧；b.请求，需要；c.影响，势力；d.缺乏，不足。“caused a gigantic economic depression in germany”德国巨大的经济萧条，可推断是因为缺乏援助。12.【答案】b【解析】考查形容词及语境的理解。a.绝望的；b.无价值的；c.全世界的；d.有价值的。由前半句引起经济萧条，可知德国货币几乎无价值。故选b。13.【答案】c【解析】考查非谓语动词及语境的理解。a.拒绝；b.雇佣；c.支持；d.充电，控告。由“the german people became so desperate that”他们在这种绝望的情况下，支持了极端的德国民族主义者希特勒。14.【答案】d【解析】考查动词及语境的理解。a.停止；b.警告；c.抵抗，忍耐；d.帮助。由前两句德国缺乏援助而最终爆发第二次世界大战，推断出如果这次不援助的遭受战争破坏的德国尤其是日本，会有第三次世界大战。故选d。15.【答案】a【解析】考查副词及语境的理解。a.同样地；b.简单地；c.有规律地，定期地；d.未必，不太可能的。由前面二战的爆发，推断出如果受战争侵害的国家得不到援助，同样会有第三次世界大战。故选a。阅读理解。few laws are so effective that you can see results just days after they take effect.but in the nine days since the federal cigarette tax more than doubledto $1.01 per packsmokers have jammed telephone “quit lines” across the country seeking to kick the habit.this is not a surprise to public health advocates.theyve studied the effect of state tax increases for years，finding that smokers，especially teens，are price sensitive.nor is it a shock to the industry，which fiercely fights every tax increase.the only wonder is that so many states insist on closing their ears to the message.tobacco taxes improve public health，they raise money and most particularly，they deter people from taking up the habit as teens，which is when nearly all smokers are addicted.yet the rate of taxation varies widely.in manhattan，for instance，which has the highest tax in the nation，a pack of marlboro light kings，cost $10.06 at one drugstore wednesday.in charleston，s.c.，where the 7 cent a pack tax is the lowest in the nation，the price was $4.78.the influence is obvious.in new york，high school smoking hit a new low in the latest surveys13.8%，far below the national average.by comparison,26% of high school students smoke in kentucky.other low tax states have similarly depressing teen smoking records.hal rogers，representative from kentucky，like those who are against high tobacco taxes，argues that the burden of the tax falls on lowincome americans “who choose to smoke.”thats true.but there is more reason in keeping future generations of lowincome workers from getting hooked in the first place.as for todays adults，if the new tax drives them to quit，they will have more to spend on their families，cut their risk of cancer and heart disease and feel better.【语篇解读】 烟草税增加后，取得了立竿见影的效果许多烟民纷纷戒烟。然而有些地方却对此充耳不闻，中学生吸烟的比例居高不下。本文让我们意识到：从长远看，通过增加烟草税而使人们戒烟是泽被千家万户的大事。1the text is mainly about _.athe price of cigarettesbthe rate of teen smokingcthe effect of tobacco tax increasedthe differences in tobacco tax rate解析主旨大意题。本文主要谈论的是烟草税增加后取得的明显效果以及给人们带来的益处。a、b、d三项均为文章的某一方面。答案c2what does the author think is a surprise?ateen smokers are price sensitive.bsome states still keep the tobacco tax low.ctobacco taxes improve public health.dtobacco industry fiercely fights the tax rise.解析事实细节题。由第三段第一句可知，唯 一让人吃惊的是，有些州对此充耳不闻，也就是继续保持低烟草税。答案b3rogers attitude towards the lowincome smokers might be that of _.atolerance bunconcern cdoubt dsympathy解析推理判断题。roger认为高烟草税是把税收负担加到了低收入的烟民身上，故应该持同情态度。答案d4what can we learn from the last paragraph?athe new tax will be beneficial in the long run.blowincome americans are more likely to fall ill.cfuture generations will be hooked on smoking.dadults will depend more on their families.解析推理判断题。由全文最后一句可知，增加烟草税促使烟民戒烟，可让他们有更多的时间与家人团聚，减少癌症和心脏病的发病率，从长远看，是一件有益的事情。答案a阅读理解【2014烟台3月诊断性考试】fahad azad，an engineer in india，invented a robot named ductbot.the toycar sized ductbot measured 23 centimeters in length,19 centimeters in width and 9 centimeters in height and weighs just two kilograms.the robot is designed to snake through dark，narrow air conditioning ducts (管道) and clean them.a pair of leds fitted on the robot light up the dirty scenery，so it can be captured (抓拍) by a camera.in order to control it more easily，mr azad chooses to fix ductbot on wheels.the robot can clean off lots of dirt，as well as dead pigeons and insects.keeping indoor air in good quality and monitoring carbondioxide levels in buildings with central air conditioning is a challenge.it is important in some places where clean air can mean a difference between life and death，such as hospitals.dirty air has a bad influence on peoples health.epsco，a dubaibased company which specializes in improving indoor air quality，read about mr azads invention in a national newspaper after he had won an international robotics competition.epsco had cleaning equipment，but it needed someone to get into those ducts to do the dirty，dangerous work.across india，for example，the task still falls to children.they are small enough to go through those ducts.in 2005，mr azad who was still at university decided to do something about it.six years later his own company，robosoft systems，has bluestar，epsco and the indian navy，some leading air condition makers，as partners.mr azad and his ten employees are currently exploring robot designs to examine oil tanks or sewage (污水) pipes.their biggest challenge is to make the robots userfriendly enough.mr azad hopes that the robot could eventually be operated not by engineers but by workers.there will be lots of difficulties they need to overcome in the future.1what can we learn about ductbot?ait is a toy car and popular with children.bit is designed to move like a snake in the ducts.cmany leds are fitted on it to tell its location.dit is actually a camera to capture dirty scenery.2the underlined word “it” in paragraph 2 refers to “_”athe camerabthe conditioning ductcthe led light dthe dirty scenery3what can the ductbot do for us?aclean off the dirt in the ducts.bcontrol the central conditioning.creduce carbondioxide in buildings.dprotect more animals in city.4. according to the text，epsco_.ahas won an international robotics competitionbhired children to clean the dirty ducts in the pastcis the only partner of robosoft systemsdspecializes in improving peoples health5what is the main idea of the last paragraph?aonly engineers can operate the ductbot now.bnew ways have been found to examine oil tanks.cazads difficulties are impossible to overcome.dazads team are working to improve their robot designs.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了印度的一名工程师发明了一种可以进入空调管道来清理空调灰尘的机器人。1解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句“the robot is designed to snake through dark，narrow air conditioning ducts (管道) and clean them.”可知，它像蛇一样在管道中行走。答案：b2解析：指代判断题。根据文章第二段第二句“a pair of leds fitted on the robot light up the dirty scenery”并结合下文可推知，此处的it代指的是the dirty scenery，故答案d符合文意。答案：d3解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句“the robot is designed to snake through dark，narrow air conditioning ducts (管道) and clean them.”和第三段的第二句“the robot can clean off lots of dirt.”可知，这种机器人可以清理管道里的垃圾。答案：a4解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段的第二句和第三句“epsco had cleaning equipment，but it needed someone to get into those ducts to the dirty，dangerous work.across india，for example，the task still falls to children”可知，epsco公司在过去经常雇佣小孩来清理管道垃圾。答案：b5解析：段落大意题。根据文章最后一段的前两句“mr azad and his ten employees are currently exploring robot designs to examine oil tanks or sewage (污水) pipes.their biggest challenge is to make the robots userfriendly enough.”和整体理解可知，本段主要讲的是azad团队正在致力于改善自己的机器人设计，故答案d符合文意。答案：d。书面表达假如你是李华，你发现部分同学每次遇到重要考试，都会出现一些焦虑症状。请你用英语写一封信，向某学生英文报编辑反映该问题并提出建议。信的内容应包括下列要点：焦虑症状：头晕、乏力、食欲不振等。建议：1制定计划；2正常作息；3保证睡眠。其他建议(内容由考生自已拟定)。注意：1.根据以上内容写一篇短文，不要逐句翻译，可适当增加细节以使行文连贯；2要准确使用语法和