（浙江专版）2018年中考英语特训总复习 第一部分 教材知识梳理篇 第11课时 八下 Units 1-2（精讲）试题.doc

第11课时八年级(下) units 12,基础知识梳理重点单词1.matter n问题；事情2neck n颈；脖子3stomach n胃；腹部4throat n咽喉；喉咙5rest n&v.放松；休息6cough n&v.咳嗽7toothache n牙痛8headache n头痛9passenger n乘客；旅客10trouble n问题；苦恼11sick adj.生病的；有病的12knee n膝；膝盖13risk n&v.危险；风险；冒险14.situation n情况；状况15rock n岩石16blood n血17control n&v.限制；约束；管理18spirit n勇气；意志19nurse n护士20volunteer v义务做；自愿做n志愿者21sign n标志；信号22notice n通知；通告；注意 v注意到；意识到23several pron.几个；数个；一些24strong adj.强烈的；强壮的25joy n高兴；愉快26.journey n(尤指长途)旅行；行程27raise v募集；征集28repair v修理；修补29fix v修理；安装30wheel n车轮；轮子31letter n信；函32blind adj.瞎的；失明的33deaf adj.聋的34open v开；打开35door n门36carry v拿；提；扛37clever adj.聪明的；聪颖的38change v&n.变化；改变词汇拓展1.foot nfeet pl.脚；足2knife nknives pl.刀3interest ninteresting adj.有趣的interested adj.感兴趣的4lie vlay(过去式)lain(过去分词)lying(现在分词)躺；平躺5break vbroke(过去式)broken(过去分词)(使)破；裂；碎；损坏break n间歇；休息broken adj.破损的；残缺的6hurt vhurt(过去式/过去分词)(使)疼痛；受伤7hit n&v.hit (过去式/过去分词)(用手或器具)击；打8climb vclimber n登山者；攀登者9mean vmeant (过去式/过去分词)意思是；打算；意欲meaning n意义；意思meaningful adj.意味深长的meaningless adj.毫无意义的10decide vdecision n决定；抉择11die vdeath n死；死亡dead adj.死的；失去生命的died (过去式/过去分词)死；死亡dying(现在分词)临终的；垂死的；临死的12.feel vfelt(过去式/过去分词)感受；觉得feeling n感觉；感触13satisfy vsatisfaction n满足； 满意satisfied adj.满意的；满足的；欣慰的14imagine vimagination n想象力；想象15excite vexcited adj.激动的；兴奋的exciting adj.使人兴奋的；令人激动的16train vtraining n训练；培训trainer n训练员17understand vunderstood (过去式/过去分词)理解；领会18important adj.importance n重要性；重要19own adj.&pron.owner n物主；主人20lonely adj.alone adv.独自；单独21able adj.ability n能力；才能disabled adj.丧失能力的；有残疾的22difficult adj.difficulty n困难； 难题23kind adj.kindness n仁慈；善良24her pron.hers(名词性物主代词)她的herself(反身代词)她自己25our pron.ours(名词性物主代词)我们的ourselves(反身代词)我们自己重点短语1.have a cold 感冒2lie down 躺下3take breaks/take a break 休息4get off 下车5right away 立即；马上6get into 陷入；参与7be used to 习惯于；适应于8take risks/take a risk 冒险9run out (of) 用尽；耗尽10cut off 切除11get out of 离开；从出来12be in control of 掌管；管理13give up 放弃14clean up 打扫(或清除)干净15.cheer up (使)变得更高兴；振奋起来16give out 分发；散发17come up with想出；提出(主意、计划、回答等)18put off 推迟19hand out 分发20call up 打电话给(某人)；征召21care for 照顾；非常喜欢22try out 参加选拔；试用23fix up 修理；装饰24give away赠送；捐赠25take after(外貌或行为)像26set up 建起；设立27make a difference影响；有作用续表核心句型1.whats the matter？怎么了？i have a stomachache.我胃痛。2bus no.26 was going along zhonghua road when the driver saw an old man lying on the side of the road.26路公交车正行驶在中华路上，这时司机看到一位老人躺在路边。3the bus driver，24yearold wang ping，stopped the bus without thinking twice.24岁的公交车司机王平没有多想便停下了车。4but to his surprise，they all agreed to go with him.但是使他吃惊的是，他们都赞同和他一起去。5.we need to come up with a plan for the city park cleanup day.我们需要为城市公园清洁日想出一个计划。6she could read by herself at the age of four.她四岁的时候，就能够独自看书。7you helped to make it possible for me to have lucky.有了你的帮助，我才有可能拥有“幸运儿”(狗名)。8i love animals and i was excited about the idea of having a dog.我热爱动物，并为能拥有一只狗这个主意激动不已。话题与情景交际unit 1 谈论健康问题和事故及提建议谈论健康1whats the matter?i have a stomachache.2whats the matter with ben?he hurt himself.he has a sore back.3dose he have a toothache?yes，he does.给出建议4what should she do?she should take her temperature.5.should i put some medicine on it?yes，you should./no，you shouldnt.unit 2 提供帮助1im making some plans to work in an old peoples home this summer.really？i did that last summer!2what did they ask you to help out with?things like reading the newspaper to the old people.3im making some signs to put up around the school.4she volunteers there once a week to help kids learn to read.语法聚焦1.should/shouldnt表建议2动词不定式3情态动词could表建议4动词短语,知识点解析trouble 的用法【名师解析】trouble n. 意为“烦恼；苦恼；困难；困境；辛劳；辛苦”等，常用搭配如下：have trouble (in) doing sth.做某事有困难，其中的介词in在口语中通常可省略。如：we had no trouble (in) finding his office.我们在寻找他的办公室这件事上没困难。be in trouble处于困境中。如：if i dont get this task finished on time，ill be in trouble.我如果不按时把任务完成，我就要倒霉了。get into trouble陷入困境。如：i will step out and help you out if you get into trouble.如果你遇到麻烦，我将站出来帮你走出困境。【对点对练】1if you get into _trouble_(困难)，you can ask the teachers for help.2many children have trouble in _communicating_(communicate) with their parents nowadays.辨析raise 与 rise单词词性含义用法raise及物动词使升高；提高；饲养；筹集规则动词，过去式和过去分词均为raised。rise不及物动词上升；上涨；提高不规则动词，过去式为rose，过去分词为risen。如：the students raise money for the children in poor areas.学生们为贫困地区的孩子们募捐。the river rises every spring.每年春天河水都要上涨。【对点导练】raise，rise1if you want to answer questions in class，please _raise_your hands.2due to the heavy rain through the whole week，the flood _rose_up to 3 or 4 meters in depth.辨析fix，repair与mendfix侧重于“安装”，用于表示修补、修复任何破损或不能正常工作的事物。有时也用作“修理”，可与repair替换。fixa machine安装机器fixa mirror装一面镜子repair多指修理较庞大的物体、构造较复杂或损坏严重的东西。repaira bridge 修桥repaira house修房子mend多用于指修理较小物体、结构较简单的日常用品或缝补衣服、袜子等。menda shoe补鞋menda kite修风筝【对点导练】repair，fix，mend1could you please help me _mend_ my coat？its was worn out.2ill make my watch _repaired_it doesnt work.3the machine needs to be _fixed_up.imagine的用法【名师解析】imagineimagine sth.意为“想象某事”imagine sb./sth.(to be)意为“想象某人/某事是”imagine sb./sth.n.意为“想象某人/某事”imagine doing sth.意为“想象做某事”imagine从句，意为“想象”如：we cant imagine life without any hardships.我们不能想象没有任何坎坷的生活。please imagine yourself (to be) in the customers position.请设身处地地为顾客着想。i once imagine him a tall and thin man.我曾以为他是个又高又瘦的人。i cant imagine myself teaching in front of so many people.我不能想象自己在那么多人面前教书。mr. smith couldnt imagine what had happened at all.史密斯先生根本想不到发生了什么事。【对点导练】1can you _imagine_(想象) the life on the moon?2can you imagine _living_(live) with such a boring man?3his mother imagined him _to_be_ (be) a good physician when he grows up.4mark couldnt imagine his best friend _left_(leave) him，because they just made a phone call last weekend.辨析lonely与alone词汇用法例句lonelyadj.“寂寞的；荒凉的；偏僻的；孤寂的”，强调内心的寂寞和孤单。带有较强的感情色彩，可用作表语或定语。he has been very lonely since his wife left him.自从他妻子离开他后，他一直感到很寂寞。he was taken to a lonely island.他被带到了一座孤岛上。aloneadj.& adv.“单独的(地)”，作形容词时只能作表语。侧重于单独存在，客观上独自一人或没有外人，不表示寂寞或孤独等感情色彩。he doesnt feel scared when he is alone.他单独一个人时不感到害怕。【对点导练】alone，lonely1she often listens to the rock music when she is _alone_ at home.2now more and more people live alone and feel _lonely_they should be cared for.辨析used to do sth.，be/get used to doing sth.与be used to do sth.【名师解析】短语含义及用法例句used to do sth.意为“过去常常做某事”，只用于过去时，暗示现在不做了。he used to live in a small village，but now he has been used to living in a big city.他过去住在一个小村庄里，但是现在他已经习惯住在大城市里了。be/get used to doing sth.意为“习惯于做某事”，其中to是介词，后接动名词。they get used to living in the countryside.他们习惯住在农村。be used to do sth.意为“被用于做某事”，不定式表示目的，可用于多种时态。wood is used to make paper.木材被用来造纸。【对点导练】1my mother used to _make_(制作)breakfast for me every morning，but now i do it myself.2three colorful wooden blocks are _used_ (use) to make toys.3maria used to _watch_(watch) tv，but now she is used to _listening_(listen) to music.辨析be similar to，look like 与 take after【名师解析】短语含义及用法be similar to意为“与相似”，一般都用在相似的物品和情景的对比上，含有被动含义。look like意为“看起来像”，多指视觉上的相似，既可指人也可指物，只指外表看上去像。take after意为“长相、行为、性格等像”，多用在有血缘关系的亲子之间，外貌用得最多。另外，也能够用在性格脾气这些内在品质上。如：his teaching style is similar to that of most other teachers.他的教学风格和大多数教师很相似。mary really take after her mother.玛丽的确长得很像她妈妈。the man looks like her headmaster.那个人看起来像我们的校长。【对点导练】be similar to，look like，take after1it might be a boys room because the clothes _look_like_ boys style.2your mother is a smart，brave woman.you _take_after_ her.3these two buildings _are_similar_to_ each other in many respects.whats the matter？怎么了？i have a cold.我感冒了。【名师解析】“whats the matter？”该问句常用来询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到了何种