高考英语 非谓语动词范例.doc

高考英语非谓语动词范例若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用v.ing形式、v.ed形式，还是用不定式形式，确定的方法主要有：(1)作伴随状语，常用分词，与逻辑主语是主动关系，用现在分词，是被动关系，用过去分词。典例1 .but everyone added a little, always _25_(think) that it was only small and not very important, and look where we have ended up today.分析：因句中已有谓语动词added，动词think前又没有并列连词，即think不是并列谓语，它应是非谓语动词，作状语，表示伴随情况；又因he与think是主动关系，故用现在分词thinking。典例2the headmaster went into the lab, _ (follow) by the foreign guests.分析：句中已有谓语went，而follow又不是与之并列的，故为非谓语动词；又因the headmaster与follow是被动关系，故用过去分词followed作伴随状语。(2)作目的状语或者在形容词后作状语，一般用不定式。典例_ (complete) the project as planned, well have to work two more hours a day. 分析：因句中已有谓语will have to work，所以complete应为非谓语动词；因“(为了)按计划完成这项工程”是“我们每天不得不额外多工作两小时”的目的，作目的状语，用动词不定式，故填to complete。(3)作主语或宾语，通常用ing形式表示习惯或一般情况，用不定式表示具体的情况。典例 _ (speak) out your inner feeling wont make you feel ashamed, on the contrary .分析：句中已有谓语wont make，所以speak应为非谓语动词；谓语前面应为主语，作主语，表示一般情况，要用动名词短语，故填speaking。3若所缺词作主语、在及物动词或介词后作宾语或在冠词、形容词性物主代词后，用名词形式。典例different from those who begin their _ (apply) for foreign colleges in senior 2, li made a late decision on a us education.分析：因在动词后作宾语，并且用在形容词性物主代词their后面，所以要用名词applications。非谓语动词的形式：在短文改错中，每出现一个动词或非谓语动词，都要通过分析句子结构的方法，来判断该词在句中所作的成分，如动名词可作主语、宾语、表语等；现在分词作状语、补语、定语等，而且它与其逻辑主语是主动关系；过去分词可作定语、表语、状语等，而它与其逻辑主语是被动关系；对不定式的考查主要是作补语、状语、宾语等，另外，还常考查一些固定结构或句式中非谓语动词的形式。play football not only makes us grow up tall .分析：play改为playing。动词原形不能作主语，所以应用非谓语动词形式，动名词作主语与谓语动词makes一致。i find that the neighborhood which i used to living in has changed a lot.分析：living改为live。根据句意可知，此处应为used to do sth.结构，表示“过去常常做某事”，而be used to doing sth.表示“习惯于做某事”，二者不能混淆。she saw the man with knife in his hand and his face covering with a piece of cloth running towards her.分析：covering改为covered。cover的逻辑主语是face，与其是被动关系，故用过去分词形式作定语。5动词的误用：主要包括一些近义词的用法区别、形近词的区别。she past her driving test and told her husband .分析：past改为passed。此处作谓语，故用动词pass的过去时而不用介词past。i listened that she had come back from the usa.分析：listened改为heard。listen是不及物动词，表示动作，hear是及物动词，表示结果。典型例题1 _ in the countryside made mr. wilson very hardworking when he was very young.abringing upbhaving brought upcbeing brought up dbrought up解析：选c考查非谓语动词。句意：mr. wilson在乡下被抚养长大，这使他在很小的时候就很勤劳。分析句意及句子结构可知，bring up与mr. wilson之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，又因为句子缺少主语，故用being brought up。2 _ all the homework assigned by the school, the students have to work at it till midnight.acompleting bto completechaving completed dto have completed解析：选b考查非谓语动词。此处为目的状语， 因此使用不定式，排除a和c，而且不强调完成，因此使用不定式的一般式，故选b。3 _ in the bank robbery, tod was arrested by the local police early in the morning.ainvolving binvolvedcto involve dto be involved解析：选b考查非谓语动词。句意：因为参与了银行抢劫案，托德一大早就被当地警方逮捕了。involve与tod之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用involve的过去分词形式。involved in .because tod was involved in .，在句中作原因状语。4 some people try to knock me down, only _ me more determined to do things better.ahaving made bmakecto make dmaking解析：选c考查非谓语动词。句意：有些人试图把我击倒，结果却使我更加坚定地去把事情做得更好。only与不定式连用，用来表示意想不到的结果。5 ang lees new film life of pi is based on a fantasy adventure novel by yann martel _ in 2001.awas published bhaving publishedcpublished dto be published解析：选c考查非谓语动词。题干中的a fantasy adventure novel与publish之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词published作后置定语表示完成和被动之意，相当于定语从句that/which was published。6 the meeting which is reported _ this month has been put off till the end of next month.abeing held bto holdcto be held dholding解析：选c考查非谓语动词。句意：本来宣布要这个月举行的会议已经被推迟到下月底了。hold与the meeting之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用被动语态，不定式则表示将来的动作。故c项正确。7 with hurricane sandy _ the us east coast, obama had to cancel wednesdays campaign events in order to focus on the rescue and response efforts for sandy.aapproach bapproachingcapproached dbeing approached解析：选b此处考查with的复合结构。hurricane sandy与approach之间构成逻辑上的主动关系，所以用approaching。8 he quarrel _ to the fight started from their disbelief in each other.aled bto leadcleading dhas led解析：选c考查非谓语动词。句意：导致这场打斗的争吵开始于他们相互之间的怀疑。此处为现在分词形式作后置定语，修饰the quarrel。9 _ so many countries, you must be able to speak several different languages.i wish i could, but english is the only one i can speak.avisiting bto visitcto have visited dhaving visited解析：选d考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词，故空处应用非谓语动词形式；且visit与you之间是逻辑上的主动关系，故应用动词的ing形式。根据语境可知，空处的动作发生在谓语动词之前，故用动词的ing形式的完成式。10 _ too much for his intelligence, harry often overlooks the importance of effort.apraised bhaving praisedcpraising dbeing praised解析：选a考查非谓语动词。句意：因为他的才智被过度赞扬，harry经常忽视努力的重要性。harry与praise之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示原因，故选a。11 a worldshocking shooting rocked a school in the us, _ twenty children and eight adults dead.aleave bleftcto leave dleaving解析：选d考查非谓语动词。句意：震惊世界的美国校园枪击案导致二十名儿童和八名成人遇难。分析句子结构，此处应用现在分词作结果状语。12 my brother sent me an email with one of his photos on mount tai _ to it.aattached battachcattaching dto attach解析：选a考查非谓语动词。句意：我哥哥发给我一封电子邮件并附上了一张他在泰山照的相片。分析句子结构可知，attach与one of his photos之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词作补语。13 by the time i saw the job _ in the newspaper, it was already too late to apply.aadvertised bto be advertisedcbeing advertised dhaving been advertised解析：选a考查非谓语动词。句意：当我看到报纸上刊登的招聘广告时，已经太晚而无法申请了。advertise与job之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用过去分词作后置定语。又因此处表示“已完成”，故排除b、c两项；having done的形式不能作限制性后置定语，故排除d项。14 _ as a responsible person, tony was appointed head of the department.ajudging bjudgedchaving judged dto be judged解析：选b考查非谓语动词。句意：托尼被认为是一个负责的人，所以他被任命为部门主管。分析句子结构可知，tony与judge之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故此处用动词的ed形式置于句首作原因状语。15 i regret _ you that your application has not been successful.not successful? i performed pretty well in my interview!ainforming bto informchaving informed dto have informed解析：选b考查非谓语动词作宾语。句意：“我很遗憾地通知你，你的申请没有成功。”“没成功？在面试中我表现得很出色呀！”当某一动作在regret之后发生时，regret后需加to do作宾语；当某一动作在regret之前发生时，regret后需加doing/having done/to have done作宾语。本句中inform后于regret发生，故选b。1 _ little such material left, they decided to hold a meeting to discuss what _.athere was; was done bbeing; to be donechaving; to do dwith; was done解析：选c考查非谓语动词。句意：那种材料所剩不多，他们决定开会讨论做什么。分析句意和句子结构可知，第一空用现在分词having作原因状语或用with复合结构，但第二空处暗含将来意味，表示“能用这不多的材料做什么”，故用“疑问词to do”作宾语，故选c。2 mr. johnson, _ as a manager for many years, found it hard to be an ordinary clerk again.ahaving worked bworkedcto have worked dworking解析：选a考查非谓语动词。句意：由于已经当经理很多年了，mr. johnson发现重新做回一名普通职员很难。主语mr. johnson与work之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故应用现在分词形式，由空后的时间状语“for many years”可知，应该用完成式。3 was it george who telephoned?no. a man _ himself peter.acalled bwas calledccalling dto call解析：选c考查非谓语动词。句意：“是乔治打来的电话吗？”“不，是一个自称叫彼得的人。”a man与call之间构成逻辑上的主动关系，且空处在句中作后置定语，故用call的现在分词形式。4 under the environment of fierce competition, the only way john could imagine _ stress was to get tougher by making greater efforts.ahandling bto handlechandled dhaving handled解析：选b考查非谓语动词。句意：在激烈竞争的环境下，john唯一能想到的处理压力的方法就是通过更努力变得更坚强。由于此处是the only way，后面需要用to do结构。要注意john could imagine的干扰，它是定语从句，用来修饰the only way。故选b。5 studies show that students often _ to too much pressure tend to develop mental problems.aexposing bbeing exposedcto expose dexposed解析：选d考查非谓语动词。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，因expose与students之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用被动形式，排除a、c两项，此处不表示正在进行的动作，排除b项，故选d，为过去分词作后置定语。6 it is necessary that we keep the young generation _ of the current affairs.ainformed bbeing informedcinforming dto inform解析：选a考查非谓语动词。句意：让年轻一代时刻了解时事是很有必要的。the young generation与inform之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用informed。7 more children in beijing will reach school age next year, _ a shortage of primary school teachers in the capital.acreate bto createccreating dcreated解析：选c考查非谓语动词。句意：明年在北京有更多的孩子到了上学的年龄，这导致在首都小学教师短缺。结合句意可知，此处应用动词的ing形式作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。8 _ with conducting an interview by qq online, a facetoface interview in person can provide people with more reliable details.acomparing bcomparedcto compare dcompare解析：选b考查非谓语动词。句意：和用qq在线面试相比，亲自面对面的面试可以给人们提供更多可靠的信息。compare与a facetoface interview之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用compare的过去分词形式，选b。9 when i got back home i saw a note pinned to the door, _ “sorry to miss you; i will call you later.”aread breadscto read dreading解析：选d考查非谓语动词。句意：当我回到家时，我看到门上别着一张纸条，上面写着“很遗憾没有见到你；晚会儿我会打电话给你。”note与read之间是逻辑上的主动关系，故用read的现在分词形式。read表示“写着”。10 she will tell us why she feels so strongly that each of us has a role _ in making the earth a better place to live in.ato have played bplayedcplaying dto play解析：选d考查非谓语动词。play的逻辑主语是each of us，此处用不定式的一般式作后置定语。11 helena was excited, just as i had imagined, _ her lost pet.afinding bfoundchaving found dto find解析：选d考查非谓语动词。句意：正如我所想象的，helena找到了她丢失的宠物很兴奋。分析句子结构可知，主句为：helena was excited to find her lost pet.此处用动词不定式表原因。12 _ more tourists, travel agencies from both china and the dprk have developed a package of new products.aattracting battractedcto attract dhaving attracted解析：选c考查非谓语动词。句意：为了吸引更多的游客，中国和朝鲜的旅行社已经推出了一系列的新产品。根据句意可知，此处应用不定式作目的状语。13 _ around the university, we then were taken to a building, where many scientists worked.ashowing bhaving been showncbeing shown dhaving shown解析：选b考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知，句中的主语we与show之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且根据题中的“we then were taken to a building”可知，应用完成被动式，故选b。14 unfortunately, we rushed the fallen old man to hospital, _ that we were responsible for him.aonly telling bonly to tellconly told donly to be told解析：选d考查不定式作结果状语。句意：很不幸，我们迅速把摔倒的老人送到医院，却被告知要对老人(的摔倒)负责。根据句首的unfortunately可知下文是坏结果，“only不定式”可作结果状语，表示意想不到的不好的结果。15 despite the governments measures to cool the house market, housing demand in china still grew steadily in the second half of 2012，_ a rapid rise in house prices.aresulted in bto result incresulting in dbeing resulted in解析：选c考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然政府采取了一些给楼市降温的措施，但2012年下半年中国的住房需求仍然稳步增长，导致房价迅速上涨。根据句意和句子结构可知，result in与2012年下半年中国的住房需求仍然稳步增长构成逻辑上的主动关系，故用动词的ing形式作结果状语。1_ enough money, li hua was unable to buy the new house.anot saved bnot having savedcnot to save dnot saving解析：选b考查非谓语动词。句意：由于没有攒下足够的钱，李华买不起这套新房子。save这个动作发生在buy之前，且save与li hua之间是逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词的完成式。再结合句意可知，应用分词的否定形式，故b项正确。2misunderstandings _ from lack of social communication, unless _ properly, may lead to serious problems.aarisen; handling barising; handledcrising; handled drisen; handling解析：选b考查非谓语动词。句意：由于缺乏社会交流而造成的误解，如果得不到恰当的处理，可能会导致严重的问题。misunderstandings与arise之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，所以第一个空用arise的现在分词形式，arise from意为“由产生”。handle与misunderstandings之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以第二个空用handle的过去分词形式。3if water becomes increasingly scarce in decades _， water shortage will become a hot issue all over the world.acoming bhaving comecto come dto be coming解析：选c考查非谓语动词。句意：如果在未来的几十年当中，水变得越来越紧缺，那么用水短缺将成为全世界的热点问题。此处是指未来的几十年，故应用不定式to come作后置定语，表将来，修饰名词decades。4_ the english speech competition will be a lot of work, so i need some volunteers to help out.aorganize borganizedcorganizing dbeing organized解析：选c考查非谓语动词。句意：组织英语演讲比赛是一项繁琐的工作，所以我需要一些志愿者来帮忙。“_ the english speech competition”作主语，且i与organize之间构成主动关系，故用organize的现在分词形式的主动式。5the new books _ in the factory these days are mainly intended for children.aprinting bto printcbeing printed dto be printed解析：选c考查非谓语动词。句意：这些天工厂里一直在印的新书，主要是为孩子们设计的。分析句子结构可知，print与the new books之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词形式；又根据these days可知，此处表示这些天都在印这些新书。故c项正确。6do you think you could get this package _ for me, please?no problem!ato mail bmailedcmailing dmail解析：选b考查非谓语动词。mail与package之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语，构成get sth. done结构。7_ several important decisions based on emotion instead of reason, he felt bitterly regretted.amaking bhaving madecmade dto make解析：选b考查非谓语动词。句意：出于情感而不是理智作了好几个重大决定，他感到极其后悔。分析句意可知，he与make之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系，且动词make发生在felt之前，故应用动词ing形式的现在完成式作原因状语。8amy, please tell the people seated and _ for their turns to come to my office five minutes later.yes, sir.await bwaitingcwaited dto wait解析：选b考查非谓语动词。句意：“艾米，请告诉坐在那里排队等着的人们，五分钟后到我的办公室。”“好的，先生。”分析句子结构可知，“seated and _ for their turns”是定语，修饰the people, the people与wait之间是逻辑上的主动关系，故选waiting。9_ to a top high school, as many parents believe, will guarantee their children a good university.aadmitted badmittingcbeing admitted dhaving been admitted解析：选c考查非谓语动词。句意：很多父母相信，被顶级中学录取能保证孩子们上一所好大学。根据句意可知，孩子们是被顶级中学录取，应用动名词的被动形式作主语。注意：having done形式不能作句子的主语。10we had no one _ us, for we could deal with the case all by ourselves.ahelp bto helpchelped dhelps解析：选a考查非谓语动词作宾语补足语。句意：我们没让别人帮助我们，因为我们能够独自处理这件事。首先排除d项，helps为谓语动词，不作宾语补足语；no one与help之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故排除