（江苏专用）高考英语一轮复习 Unit 1 Living with technology讲义 牛津译林版选修7.doc

unit 1 living with technology话题词汇1.breakthrough n.突破；重大进展2.convenience n.便利；方便3.electronic adj.电子的4.intelligent adj.智能的5.invention n.发明；创造6.technical adj.技术的；工艺的7.be in the lead领先8.follow the fashion追随时尚9.in the field of science在科学领域10.with the development of 随着的发展经典语篇(2014湖南)学校正在组织科技创新大赛，你想为日常生活中某件物品(如钢笔、书包、鞋子)设计添加新功能来参赛。请以“my magic ”为题写一篇英语短文，介绍你的创意。内容：1.说明设计理由；2.介绍新功能。注意：词数不少于120个。 佳作欣赏my magic water bottlemy magic water bottle will be a replacement of the traditional one which can change the temperature of the inside water automatically according to the changes of the outer environment.there are certain factors i take into account on my new invention.for one thing，traditional water bottle makes it inconvenient for travelers to have a comfortable drink anytime and anywhere.for another，drinking too cold or too hot water does nothing but harm to our health， so my magic water bottle can serve as an assistant or a doctor.the new functions will win my magic water bottle enormous love and popularity.on the one hand，the automatic temperaturecontrolling system mentioned above can adjust the water temperature.on the other hand，we can set a desirable temperature for the inside water，and what surprises us most is that the water can remain at that temperature for about 20 hours .思维发散1.仿照第句用it作形式宾语翻译句子他们过去形成一个规则，每月底在一起聚会一次。they used to make it a rule to meet and have a party at the end of a month.2.仿照第句用动名词作主语翻译句子早睡早起对于年轻人来说是一个好习惯。going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit for the young.3.按要求改写第句(1)it surprises us most that the water can remain at that temperature for about 20 hours.(it作形式主语)(2)the water can remain at that temperature for about 20 hours，which surprises us most.(非限定性定语从句).重点单词a.写作单词1.foresee (vt.)预料，预见，预知2.sceptical (adj.)怀疑的3.allround (adj.)功能齐全的；全面的4.idiom (n.)习语，成语，惯用语5.circumstance (n.)条件，环境，状况6.merely (adv.)仅仅，只不过7.shallow (adj.)肤浅的，浅薄的；浅的8.sacrifice (vt.)牺牲，献出；(n.)牺牲；舍弃；祭品9.stable (adj.)稳定的；稳重的10.delay (vt.& vi.)(使)推迟，延迟；(n.)延误，延迟11.construct (vt.)制造；修筑，建造construction (n.)建筑；建设constructor (n.)建筑者，建造者12.accessible (adj.)可使用的；可接触到的；可到达的；易理解的access (vt.)进入；使用；(n.)(接近或进入某地的)方法；通路；(使用某物或接近某人的)机会或权利13.eventually (adv.)最后，终于eventual (adj.)最后的，最终的14.adaptation (n.)适应；改编本，改写本adapt (vi.& vt.)(使)适应；改编15.casual (adj.)非正式的，随便的；漫不经心的，不经意的casually (adv.)随便地；不经意地16.obvious (adj.)显然的，显而易见的obviously (adv.)显然，明显地17.translation (n.)翻译；转化translate (vt.& vi.)翻译；使转变，变为18.suitable (adj.)合适的，适当的suit (v.)适合于；合(某人的)心意19.reject (vt.)拒绝，拒收；不予考虑，不予录用rejection (n.)拒绝，抵制20.tight (adj.)亲密的，紧密的；紧的；紧身的；严密的tightly (adv.)紧紧地21.oppose (vt.)反对，抵制，阻挠；与竞争opposed (adj.)反对的；对立的22.valid (adj.)符合逻辑的，合理的，有根据的；(法律上)有效的invalid(反)不承认的；无效的23.typical (adj.)平常的；典型的，有代表性的；特有的typically (adv.)通常，一般；典型地，具有代表性地b.阅读单词24.drawback (n.)缺点，缺陷；不利条件25.evolution (n.)演变，发展；进化26.device (n.)装置，设备27.principle (n.)原理，法则；道德原则，行为准则28.percentage (n.)百分率，百分比29.component (n.)组成部分，成分，部件30.wind (vt.& vi.)上发条；缠绕；蜿蜒，曲折31.portable (adj.)便携式的，轻便的32.digital (adj.)数学信息系统的，数码的，数字式的33.storage (n.)存储，储藏(空间)34.relay (vt.)播放，转播；接转，转发；(n.)接力赛；中继设备35.vote (vi.& vt.)投票，选举，表决；(n.)选票；选举，表决36.ample (adj.)足够的，充足的，丰裕的37.insurance (n.)保险；保障措施38.electronic (adj.)电子的39.scan (vt.& vi.)浏览，粗略地读；审视，端详；扫描40.elegant (adj.)(物品)雅致的，精美的；(人或其举止)优雅的41.dial (vt.& vi.)拨(电话号码)，打电话42.refrigerator (n.)冰箱43.dustbin (n.)垃圾桶，垃圾箱44.distribute (vt.)使分布，分散；分发，分配；分销distribution (n.)分布；分发，分配45.religious (adj.)宗教的，宗教信仰的；笃信宗教的，虔诚的religion (n.)宗教.重点短语1.keep in touch with与保持联系2.benefit from得益于；从中受益3.wind up上发条4.answer for对负责5.above all最重要的是6.pay attention to注意7.in other words换句话说8.face to face面对面地9.in general通常，一般情况下10.for good measure额外11.rid.of.使免除，使摆脱12.vote on就投票.经典句式1.it took more than two decades，though，until 1951，for regular colour tv broadcasts to begin in the usa.彩色电视节目直到1951年才得以在美国开播，其间经历了二十多年的时间。2.but its up to you to choose good programmes.但由你来选择好节目。3.for example，no matter what the circumstances，when the phone rings，everything stops so that the call can be answered.例如，无论在什么情况下，当电话铃声响起时，为了能接电话，一切都要停下来。4.if the call was really about nothing， then why was it so important as to interrupt your conversation and waste your precious time?如果电话真的“没什么”，那么为什么它如此重要以至于打断你们的谈话并浪费你们宝贵的时间呢？5.while these messages always seem important at the time，most people cannot really remember them the next day.尽管这些短信在当时总是看似重要，但第二天大多数人并不能真的记得它们。1应试指导后跟动名词的考查(1)without delay立即；毫不耽搁“立刻”的其他表达：at once；immediately；in no time；without hesitation(2)delay doing sth.推迟做某事推迟做某事的其他表达方式：put off；postpone(1)it was considerate of michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.michael通知我们他要迟一会儿以防我们担心，想得真周到。(2015福建)(2)who is responsible for the delay in reaching an agreement?协议不能按时达成由谁来负责？(3)dont delay claiming or you may lose benefit.索赔从速，逾期利益可能受损。多维训练(1)he delayed her the news，waiting for the right moment.a.to tell b.tellingc.to have told d.having told答案d解析句意为：他没有把这个消息马上告诉她，而是等有了适当的机会再说。这里delay后接动名词作宾语。tell发生在谓语动词之后，因此排除选项d。(2)the world health organization gave a warning to the public without any when the virus of h1n1 hit mexico in april,2009.a.delay b.effortc.schedule d.consideration答案a解析without delay毫不耽搁地，立即，立刻；effort努力；schedule时间表；consideration考虑，体谅，关心。句意为：当h1n1病毒2009年4月袭击墨西哥时，世界卫生组织立刻向人们发出了警告。由句意知选a。2应试指导(1)词义辨析题(2)任务型阅读词汇(3)写作高级词汇(1)be accessible to sb.可接近的；可靠近的；可使用的make sth.accessible to sb.使某物易被某人得到/利用(2)access vt.进入；使用；n.通道；(使用的)机会，权利have/get/obtain/gain access to拥有的机会；可以接近/进入(1)the deserted island is only accessible by boat.这个荒岛只能乘船到达。(2)we should make fresh water accessible to all the villagers.我们应该使村民能够喝到清洁的饮用水。(3)people are learning how to organize huge quantities of information so that they are able to access it at a later date.人们正在学习如何组织大量的信息以便今后能使用它。(2015安徽)多维训练(1)同义句改写medicine should be kept where it is out of childrens reach.medicine should not be kept where it is accessible to children.(2)train tickets are allowed to be booked online or by phone，a good way to make purchasing train tickets more .a.systematic b.effectivec.accessible d.practical答案c解析systematic有条不紊的；effective有效的，实际的；accessible易接近的，可理解的；practical实践的，可实现的。句意为：开放网络和电话出售火车票，是一个更加便捷的购票方式。购买火车票，售票厅排队购买是可行的方式，也是有条不紊的，然而开通网络和电话售票渠道是与时俱进，更加便捷和人性化的方式，所以用accessible来修饰最为贴切。故选c。3应试指导一词多义(1)distribute sth.to sb.把某物分配(发)给某人distribute sth.among sb.在某人中分配某物be widely distributed 广泛分布；受欢迎，流行(2)distribution n.分布；分发，分配distribution of sth.的分发、分配(1)thousands of soldiers are working to distribute food and blankets to the refugees.数以千计的士兵正在给难民们分发食物和毯子。(2)in the move most of the furniture was left to the neighbors or distributed among friends.大部分家具在搬家的时候都留给了邻居或送了朋友。(3)what is the overall age distribution of employees?员工的总体年龄分布是怎样的？多维训练(1)due to the unreasonable individual income ，the gap between the rich and the poor has become an outstanding issue.a.accommodation b.associationc.distribution d.contribution答案c解析句意为：由于不合理的个人收入分配，贫富差距已经成为一个突出的问题。accommodation住处，适应，和解；association协会，关联，联想；distribution分配，分布；contribution贡献，捐赠，投稿。故选c。(2)expanding populations and steadily improving communications brought more trade and contact，but also more between social groups.a.cooperation b.frictionc.liberation d.distribution答案b解析考查名词词义辨析。句意为：人口的增长和稳步改善的交流带来了更多的贸易和联系，但是也带来了两个社团之间更多的摩擦。cooperation合作；friction摩擦，不和；liberation解放；distribution分散，分布。根据题干中的but判断，应填trade和contact的对立词。故选b。4应试指导(1)任务型阅读词汇(2)写作高级词汇表示反对的表达：oppose (doing) sth. object tobe opposed to be against (1)the government postponed the new proposal because a lot of people were opposed to it.政府推迟了这个新的提案，因为很多人反对它。(2)my parents strongly object to my going to college out of our province，because they dont like my being far away from them.我的父母反对我到省外读大学，因为他们不想让我离他们太远。多维训练(1)一句多译大多数当地人都反对修建机场。most of the local people opposed building a new airport.most of the local people objected to building a new airport.most of the local people are opposed to building a new airport.most of the local people are against building a new airport.(2)i have no idea why so many classmates my new plan at the discussion.a.disagree b.againstc.oppose d.object答案c解析句意为：我不知道为什么这么多的同学在讨论时反对我的新计划。 disagree为不及物动词；against是介词，不能作谓语；object后需要加to。故选c项。5应试指导under no circumstances置于句首时句子倒装的考查circumstance用作“境况，经济状况”时，常用复数形式under the circumstances在这种情况下；既然这样under no circumstancesin no caseby no means无论如何都不，决不(位于句首时，句子要倒装)(1)whatever our circumstances，we generally still have dreams，hopes and desires.无论在什么情况下，我们通常仍然会拥有梦想、希望和欲望。(2015福建)(2)under no circumstances shall i change my attitude towards work.我绝不会改变对工作的态度。多维训练(1)完成句子你绝不应该工作未完成就离开。under no circumstances should you leave with the work unfinished.在这种情况下没有人能帮助他。nobody can help him under the circumstances.(2)i dont like any humor in serious speeches because i cant think of any where this would be beneficial or useful.a.convenience b.consequencec.circumstance d.coincidence答案c解析convenience方便；consequence结果；circumstance条件，环境，情形，情况，状况；coincidence巧合的事。句意为：我不喜欢在严肃讲座中讲述的任何幽默笑话，因为我想不到在什么情况下这样做是有益或有用的。6应试指导 it is typical of sb.to do.句型be typical of为某人/某物所特有的its typical/characteristic of sb.to do sth.做某事是某人的特点。it is like sb.to do sth.某人就是这样一个的人(1)his typical way of speaking didnt change at all.他独特的讲话方式丝毫没有改变。(2)his opinions are fairly typical of people of his generation.他的观点在他这一代人中相当有代表性。(3)it was typical of him to be so merciless.他一向冷酷无情。多维训练(1)同义句改写it is like him to keep others waiting.it is typical of him to keep others waiting.(2)the paper studies some cases in which something somehow wrong leads to the miscommunication，so that english teachers may improve their teaching.a.distant b.typicalc.exotic d.misleading答案b解析句意为：文章分析了一些典型案例，在这些案例中莫名其妙的错误导致了沟通困难，所以教师要改进他们的教学。typical典型的，有代表性的，符合句意。distant遥远的；exotic异国的，非本地的；misleading欺骗的，误导的。7应试指导(1)任务型阅读词汇(2)写作高频词汇rid.of.使摆脱/除去rid oneself of摆脱；从中解脱get/be rid of去掉；除去；摆脱(1)the proposals are an attempt to rid the country of political corruption.这些提议试图使这个国家摆脱政治腐败。(2)maybe we should rid ourselves of modern technology and return to simpler times.也许我们应该使我们自己从现代科技中解脱，回到更为简单的时代。多维训练(1)troubled by a terrible headache，catherine wondered how she could herself of the bad situation.a.throw b.removec.move d.rid答案d解析throw扔，投；remove搬开，挪开；move移动，搬动；rid去掉，除掉。rid sb.of sth.给某人摆脱某物。句意为：受到严重的头痛病的困扰，凯瑟琳不知道她怎样才能摆脱这一恶劣的状况。(2)why do we have to sues selfish behavior? we should teach her to care for others.a.get rid of b.put up withc.make up for d.split up答案b解析get rid of摆脱；put up with容忍；make up for弥补；split up分离。句意为：我们为什么得容忍苏的自私行为？我们应该教她关心别人。故选b项。8应试指导写作高频词汇be/stay in touch with和有联系；与保持联系get in touch with与取得联系lose touch with与失去联系be out of touch with与没有联系(1)with mobile phones，we can keep in touch with others wherever we are.有了手机，无论我们在哪里都可以联系其他人。(2)if parents of earlier generations had wanted to be in touch with their collegeage children frequently，would this have been possible?如果早一辈的人们想和他们大学年龄段的子女经常保持联系的话，这会成为可能吗？(2015北京)多维训练(1)it is important to keep in touch with(了解) the latest research.(2)are you still in touch with(与有联系) your friends from college?(3)if we can help you further，please dont hesitate to get in touch with us(和我们取得联系).(4)to be frank with you，ive been out of touch with(和没有联系) most of my old friends.(5)do write to me as often as you can.i dont want to lose touch with you(和你失去联系).9应试指导短语动词用法(1)take measures/steps/action to do.采取措施做make.to ones measure照某人的尺寸做in some measure在某种程度上take ones measure给某人量尺寸(2)measure.by.用来衡量(1)use 50g of rice per person and an extra spoonful for good measure.每人50克大米，再额外加一勺。(2)should we just pay lip service or take practical measures to protect it?我们是敷衍了事呢还是采取实际措施保护它呢？(2013江苏)(3)education shouldnt be measured only by examination results.教育不应该单纯用考试成绩来衡量。多维训练(1)完成句子please take my measure(量我的尺寸) and make a suit to my measure(按我的尺寸).his success was in some measure(在某种程度上) due to his being in the right place at the right time.(2)i like that bookstore because whenever i buy a book there，they will offer me a book cover .a.for good measureb.at any costc.beyond my reachd.on their own答案a解析考查介词短语辨析。句意为：我喜欢那家书店，因为无论何时我在那里买书时，他们都会额外送给我一个书皮。for good measure作为额外增添；at any cost无论如何，在任何情况下；beyond ones reach某人够不到；on ones own独自，单独。故选a。10多维训练(1)写出下列句中划线部分的汉语意思i wind this clock every evening.给这个闹钟上发条the nurse wound bandages around the injured arms.用绷带包扎伤员的手臂the river winds through the village.蜿蜒流经村庄(2)the wind was too strong，so he the car windows.a.wound up b.winded upc.wound on d.winded on答案a解析句意为：风太大，所以他把车窗关上了。wind作动词，其过去式和过去分词均为wound。wind up the car windows意为“关上车窗”。11多维训练(1)写出下列句中casual的汉语意思he earned a living by casual labor.临时的she was casual about winning the prize.冷淡的；漫不经心的such casual dress would not be correct for a formal occasion.随便的the disease cannot be spread by casual contact.偶然的(2)john was dismissed last week because of his attitude towards his job.a.informal b.casualc.determined d.earnest答案b解析句意为：约翰上周被解雇是因为他对工作漫不经心的态度。casual偶然的，临时的，漫不经心的，符合题意。informal非正式的；determined坚定的；earnest认真的。12多维训练(1)用reject的适当形式填空if people are unkind to him he feels rejected.the rejection of the peace plan raises the threat of a more general war.(2)he is feeling even worse.that is because he following the doctors advice then.a.rejected b.refusedc.objected d.led答案a解析句意为：他感觉更糟了。那是因为他拒绝接受医生的建议。refuse后通常跟动词不定式；object to doing反对做；lead to导致；reject doing拒绝做，故选a。(3)by applying the theory to the problem，we can brush away the details and simple patterns.a.release b.rejectc.reveal d.replace答案c解析句意为：通过将这个理论应用于这个问题，我们可以刷掉细节以揭示简单的模式。release释放；reject拒绝；reveal展示，揭示；replace代替。根据题意选c。13多维训练(1)because time is limited，they had to the quality of the product for quantity，which made their product terrible.a.reward b.devotec.demand d.sacrifice答案d解析句意为：因为时间有限，他们不得不为了产品的数量而牺牲了产品的质量，从而导致了他们的产品很糟糕。reward奖励；devote奉献；demand要求；sacrifice牺牲。根据语意选择d。(2)while intelligent people can often the complex，a fool is more likely to complicate the simple.(2013湖北，23)a.sacrifice b.substitutec.simplify d.survive答案c解析句意为：聪明的人总是会把复杂的问题简单化，而愚蠢的人更有可能把简单的问题复杂化。a项意为“牺牲；把奉献给”；b项意为“代替，替换”；c项意为“简化，使简易”；d项意为“幸存，比活得长”。故选c项。14it took more than two decades，though，until 1951，for regular colour tv broadcasts to begin in the usa.彩色电视节目直到1951年才得以在美国开播，其间经历了二十多年的时间。it takes/took sb.some time to do sth.花费某人多少时间做某事表达“花费”的其他句型：(1)sb.spend.on sth./in doing sth.(2)sth.cost sb.(3)sb.pay.for sth.(4)sb.buy.for钱(1)it took me years to get back on my feet.我花了好几年才重新找回自己。(2)i spent some time in working over these books.我花了一些时间研究这些书。多维训练选词填空(1)it takes the boy most of his free time to learn drawing.(2)i spent 120 on the books.(3)she pays200 a week for this apartment.(4)good words cost nothing，but are worth much.(5)he bought the bag for ten dollars.15it is up to sb.to do sth.由某人决定或负责做某事，做某事是某人的职责up to多达be up to(doing) sth.正在做；从事于；胜任做up to now 到目前为止(1)what do you want to do next? we have half an hour until the basketball game.its up to you.whatever you want to do is fine with me.你接下来想做什么？到篮球比赛开始，我们还有半个小时的时间。这由你决定，你想做什么事对我来说都可以。(2)john was dismissed because he wasnt up to his work.约翰被解雇了，因为他不能胜任他的工作。多维训练(1)what shall we do tonight then? whatever you want.a.help yourself b.its a dealc.no problem d.its up to you答案d解析句意为：那么，我们今晚做什么呢？你说了算你想做什么都行。help yourself随便吃，请自便；its a deal就这么定了；no problem没问题；its up to you这取决于你，你说了算，符合语境。(2)shall we go for a drink at one oclock this afternoon? .will two oclock be ok？(2013陕西，23)a.sure，its up to youb.sure，no problemc.sorry，i cant make itd.sorry，im not available today答案c解析句意为：我们今天下午一点去喝杯怎么样？抱歉，我办不到。两点好吗？a项“当然，由你决定”；b项“当然，没问题”；c项“抱歉，我办不到”；d项“抱歉，我今天没时间”。微写作写作素材(关于同学介绍)1.我和李华保持联系三年了。2.很显然我们是好朋友。3.他是一个举止优雅的人，一向关心别人。4.他经常牺牲他的业余时间去帮助那些处于困境中的人们。提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)i have kept in touch with li hua for 3 years and its obvious that we are good friends.he is an elegant man and it is typical of him to care about others.he often sacrifices his spare time to help those who are in trouble.单项填空1.the accident him his life.it 3 years for his wife to off the debts he left.a.took；spent；pay b.cost；spent；takec.cost；took；pay d.spent；cost；take答案c解析句意为：事故使他失去了生命，他的妻子花费了3年的时间才还清他留下的债务。sth.costs sb.；it takes sb.some time to do.为固定句型；pay off付清，为固定短语。故选c项。2.what about listening to the english program on the radio while learning english?personally， .a.its up to youb.it makes sensec.its a shamed.its out of the question答案a解析答语句意为：就我个人看，这由你自己决定。故选a项。3.are you still mad at her?not really，but i cant that her remarks hurt me.a.deny b.refusec.reject d.decline答案a解析句意为：你仍然生她的气吗？不了，不过我不能否认她的话伤害了我。deny否认，否定；refuse拒绝；reject拒绝接受，不予考虑；decline减少，下降，衰退，谢绝。故选a项。4.the city will licenses each year in order to set a limit on the number of cars and improve the environment.a.witness b.evaluatec.distr