河北省昌黎县高考英语阅读理解和短文改错训练（8）.doc

河北省昌黎县2016高考英语阅读理解和短文改错训练（8）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项。our body clock，or natural body rhythm，influences our energy and alertnesspaying attention to it can help us choose the suitable time of day when we best perform specific tasksthe reality，however，is that most of us organize their time around work demands，school deadlines，commuting or social eventsdoing whatever your body feels like doing is a luxury in todays fast-paced modem societybut that doesnt mean it isnt worth tryingobeying our body clock has significant health benefitsdisrupting our natural body rhythm，on the other hand，has been linked to problems such as depression，obesity，or headache，says steve key，a biology professorwhen the body clock can synchronize（使同步）the rhythms of its natural processes，it “gives us an advantage in daily life”，says key according to him，when it comes to cognitive（认知的）work，most adults perform best in the late morningas our body temperature starts to rise just before awakening in the morning and continues to increase until midday，our memory，alertness and concentration gradually improvehowever，he adds，our ability to concentrate typically starts to decrease soon thereaftermost of us are more easily distracted（分心）between noon and 4 pmalertness also tends to fall after eating a meal and sleepiness tends to peak around 2 pm，making that a good time for a napsurprisingly, tiredness may increase our creative powersfor most adults，problems that require open ended thinking are often best dealt with in the evening when they are tired， according to a study in the journal thinking & reasoningwhen choosing a time of day to exercise，paying attention to your body clock can improve resultsphysical performance is usually best from about 3 to 6 pm，says michael smolensky，a professor of biomedical engineeringof course, not everyones body clock is the same，making it even harder to synchronize natural rhythms with daily plans 1if we know our natural body rhythm well, we can afind out the suitable time to do specific tasksborganize our time around work demandscdo whatever our body feels like doingdbe sure to be healthy2which of the following is not true?aour alertness is influenced by our natural body rhythmbdoing whatever your body feels like is very difficult in our modem societycobeying our body clock is good for our healthddisrupting our natural body rhythm can lead to obesity3according to steve key，which of the following is not true?awhen our body clock synchronizes the rhythms of its natural processes，we can do betterbwhen it comes to cognitive（认知的）work，most people perform best in the late morningcas body temperature rises before awakening in the morning，our concentration gradually improvesdwe concentrate better in the late morning than between noon and 4 pm4inspiration（灵感）to solve a difficult problem will most probably come to us awhen we get up in the morningbwhen we are tired in the eveningcwhen we are full of energy in the late morningdwhen we are asleep at night5which of the following can be the suitable title for the passage?awhat is natural body rhythm?bnatural body rhythm is good for uscsomething about natural body rhythmdthe latest research about natural body rhythm【参考答案】1-5 adbbc 阅读理解。it is hardly surprising that clothing manufacturers(生产商) follow certain uniform standards for various features(特征) of clothes. what seems strange, however, is that the standard adopted for women is the opposite of the one for men. take a look at the way your clothes button. mens clothes tend to button from the right, and womens from the left. considering most of the worlds population-men and women-are right-handed, the mens standard would appear to make more sense for women. so why do womens clothes button from the left? history really seems to matter here. buttons first appeared only on the clothes of the rich in the 17th century, when rich women were dressed by servants. for the mostly right-handed servants, having womens shirts button from the left would be easier. on the other hand, having mens shirts button from the right made sense, too. most men dressed themselves, and a sword drawn from the left with the right hand would be less likely to get caught in the shirt. today women are seldom dressed by servants, but buttoning from the left is still the standard for them. is it interesting? actually, a standard, once set, resists change. at a time when all womens shirts buttoned from the left, it would have been risky for any single manufacturer to offer womens shirts that buttoned from the right. after all, women had grown so used to shirts which buttoned from the left and would have to develop new habits and skills to switch. besides, some women might have found it socially awkward to appear in public wearing shirts that buttoned from the right, since anyone who noticed that would believe they were wearing mens shirts. ( ) 1. what is surprising about the standard of the clothing industry? a. it has been followed by the industry for over 400 years. b. it is different for mens clothing and womens. c. it woks better with men than with women. d. it fails to consider right-handed people. ( ) 2. what do we know about the rich men in the 17th century? a. they tended to wear clothes without buttons. b. they were interested in the historical matters. c. they were mostly dressed by servants. d. they drew their swords from the left. ( ) 3. womens clothes still button from the left today because.a. adopting mens style is improper for women b. manufacturers should follow standards c. modern women dress themselves d. customs are hard to change ( ) 4. the passage is mainly developed by. a. analyzing causes b. making comparisons c. examining differences d. following the time order 【语篇解读 语篇解读】本文由男女衣服的不同,分析产生这种不同的原因,并且告诉我们这种不同为 语篇解读 什么延续到现在.1. 答案 b 【解析】 细节理解题. what seems strange , however, is that the standard adopted for women 由 is the opposite of the one for men.可知男女衣服的标准不一样令人惊奇.所以答案选 b 项. 2. 答案 d 【解析】 细节理解题. 根据文中 most men dressed themselves, and a sword drawn from the left with the right hang would be less likely to get caught in the shirt.可判断选 d 项. 3. 答案 d 【解析】细节理解题.根据actually, a standard , once set, resists change.可知,习惯一旦 养成,就很难改变是女式衣服的纽扣仍然在左边的原因.由此判断选 d 项. 4. 答案 a 【解析】组织结构题.通观整篇文章可以看出,作在开始提到一个现象男女衣服的标准 相反,然后分析这种现象产生的历史原因,最后告诉我们现在这是这样的原因.由此判断选 a 项. 阅读理解。阅读下列短文,从每题所给出的四个选项(a,b,c 和 d)中,选出最佳选项。 humans are naturally drawn to other life forms and the worlds outside of our own. we take delight in the existence of creatures and even whole societies beyond our everyday lives. this sense of wonder is universal. look at the efforts that scientists have made to find out whether life of some kind exists on mars, and the popularity of fantasy(幻想) literature or movies like the lord of the rings. this sense of wonder draws us to each other, to the world around us, and to the world of make-believe. but have we gone so far in creating worlds of fantasy that we are missing the pleasure of other worlds that already exist all around us? human beings, as biologists have suggested, possess an inborn desire to connect with and understand other life forms. however, people, especially in big cities, often lead rather isolated lives. in a study of british schoolchildren, it was found that children by age eight were much more familiar with characters from television shows and video games than with common wildlife. without modern technology, a small pond could be an amazing world filled with strange and beautiful plants, insects, birds, and animals. when we lack meaningful interaction(交互) with the world around us, and sometimes even with our families and friends, we seek to understand and communicate with things that exist only in our imaginations or on a computer screen. the world of make-believe is not necessarily bad. but when the world of fantasy becomes the only outlet(出路) for our sense of wonder, then we are really missing something. we are missing a connection with the living world. other wonderful worlds exist all around us. but even more interesting is that if we look closely enough, we can see that these worlds, in a broad sense, are really part of our own. ( ) 1. the popularity of the lord of the rings proves_ a. the close connection between man and the fantasy world b. the wonderful achievements of fantasy literature c. the fine taste of moviegoers around the world d. the general existence of the sense of curiosity ( ) 2. what can we infer from the underlined sentence in paragraph 3? a. people are far less familiar with the world of fantasy. b. the world around us could serve as a source of wonder. c. the world of fantasy can be mirrored by a small and lively pond. d. modern technology prevents us from developing our sense of wonder. ( ) 3. if our sense of wonder relies totally on the world of make-believe, we will_ a. fail to appreciate the joy in our lives b. be confused by the world of make-believe c. miss the chance to recognize the fantasy world d. be trapped by other worlds existing all around us ( ) 4. what is the main purpose of the passage? a. to show us the hidden beauty in our world. b. to warn us not to get lost in the fantasy world. c. to argue against the misuse of the sense of wonder. d. to discuss the influence of the world of make-believe. 【语篇解读 语篇解读】本文是一篇论说文,介绍了我们每一个人都有好奇心,总是幻想美好的世界, 语篇解读 但同时,告诫我们,不要沉迷在幻想之中,现实世界也是很美丽的,也是一切期间产生 的根源. 1. 答案 d 【解析】细节理解题.由第二段可知,举 the lord of the rings 这个例子是为了证明人们的 好奇心是普遍存在的.所以答案选 d 项. 2. 答案b 【解析】 推理判断题. without modem technology, a small pond could be an amazing world filled with strange and beautiful plants, insects, birds, and animals.这句话告诉我们,如果没有现代技 术, 即使一个小小的池塘也能成为一个令人惊异的世界. 从而我们可以推测出我们现实世界 也是很美丽的,也是一切期间产生的根源. 3. 答案 a 【解析】 细节理解题. 根据 the world of make-believe is not necessarily bad. but when the world of fantasy becomes the only outlet for our sense of wonder, then we are really missing something. we are missing a connection with the living world.可知,如果幻想成为我们好奇感的唯一出路 的话,我们就会失去一些东西,就会失去与现实世界的联系,我们也就不能体会到我们现实 生活中的快乐.由此判断选 a 项. 4. 答案 b 【解析】作者意图题.由文章最后一段可知,作者写这篇文章的目的就是要告诉我们不要沉 迷在幻想之中.由此判断选 b 项.1.短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉，修改：在错的词下划一横线，在该词下边写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2.只允许修改10处，多者（从11处起）不计分。dear andy ,i am glad when you are coming to china and will stay with me. my parents and i am very pleased to have you with us. now let me to tell you what we have arranged for you. i know the school will organized a lot of activities for you in the morning. but in the afternoon, i ll show you around and take you to some places of interests. well mostly stay at home in the evening watching tv, play games, or meeting people. im sure well have wonderful time and enjoy each other company. im looking forward very much to meet you soon . lihua【参考答案】1.1 .when-that 2. am-are. 3. 删掉me后的to 4. organized- organize 5. but -and 6. interests-interest 7. play-playing 8.在have 后a 9. other-others 10.meet-meeting2.短文改错with the living standard rises, there is a large amount waste on campus. for example, some students tend to leave the light on during the day and water run after washing. they also throw away the food what they dont like. so it is highly time we dealt with these problems. here are what i think we should do:first of all, we should turn off the lights and the tap before we use them. secondly, wed better eat up what we buy in the school cafeteria. more importantly, we should form habit of saving natural resources however we do. personally, it is everybodys duty to stop wasting. if we dont take action now, and the limited resources on the earth will run out soon. 【参考答案】2.1. withas 2. risesrising 3. amount后加of 4. runrunning 5. what改为that或which 6. highlyhigh 7. areis 8. b