牛津英语九年级上Unit1状元笔记.doc

Unit1 Star signsComic Strip 卡通漫画教材详解：1. Its nice of you to bring me the newspaper, Hobo. 霍波，你把报纸拿给我，真是太好了。l 句子结构：Its +形容词+of sb.+to do sth. 这个结构表示对某人行为的看法。It是形式主语，后面的不定式to do sth 是真正的主语。介词of 引出的不定式的逻辑主语，作表语的形容词都是表示人的特征的。常用于此句型的形容词有：good；kind；nice；wrong；silly；clever；careful；careless；selfish；generous等，例如：This purple dress looks good on you. 这件紫色的长裙穿在你身上看上去很漂亮。Its nice of you to say so. 你这样说真是太好了。Its selfish of Jim to eat the whole birthday cake. 吉姆真自私，吃完了整个生日蛋糕。l bring sb sth “把某物带给某人”, 还可表达为bring sth to sb Could you bring me a glass of water bring a glass of water to me?请给我拿杯水来好吗？温馨提醒：当bring后面的直接宾语为人称代词时，其正确形式为：bring it them to sb. 例如：I want to read the book Harry Potter. Please bring it to me. 我想阅读哈利波特这本书，请把它带给我。My books are upstairs. Will you bring them to me?我的书在楼上，您可以把它们拿给我妈？辨析：bring 与take互为对应词。bring 动词，“带来”，强调把东西带到说话的地方来。take 动词，“带走，拿走”。强调把东西带离说话的地方。例如：上学前妈妈说：Dont forget to take the raincoat with you. 不要忘记带上雨衣。（带着离开）放学前老师说：Dont forget to bring your dictionaries to school tomorrow. 明天请不要忘记把字典带到学校来。（带到学校来）You mustnt bring your dog here. You can take it there. 你不可以把狗带到这儿来，你可以把它带到那里去。巧学妙记：bring是带来，常与come，here连；take是带走，常跟go, there走。随堂演练：单项选择：1. _ careless of you to park your bike without locking it. A. Thats B. This is C. Its D. Its2. It is very kind _ you to help me with my English. Its hard _me to learn it well. A. of, for B. of, of C. for, of D. for, for 3. Just before the Chinese class, I suddenly realized that I forgot _ my Chinese text book. A. to bring B. bringing C. to take D. taking4. Sandy, _ the CD player to me and I want to _ it to my brother. A. take, bring B. take, take C. bring, take D. bring, bring 答案：CAAC2. It says Ill have lots to eat and drink today. 上面写着今天我将有许多吃的和喝的。l Say 表示“在上写着或显示着”。以下这些词一般可以作为主语：sign, letter, note, newspaper, notice, guidebook, instruction 等。例如：The notice on the board says “ Keep quiet”. 木板上的告示写着“保持安静”。Tom found a note on the table and it said, “ Dont forget to water the flowers!”汤姆在桌上看到一张便条，上面写着“别忘了浇花！”The newspaper didnt say where he was born. 报纸上没有说他出生在哪里。What time is it now? 现在几点？My watch says 8:00. 我的手表显示是8点。l Have lots to eat and drink= have a lot to eat and drink “有许多吃的和喝的”, 其中to eat and drink 作lots 的后置定语。在英语中动词不定式，介词短语等作定语修饰名词或代词时要放在名词或代词的后面。例如：I have a lot of homework to do every day. 我每天有很多家庭作业要做。Tigers in the zoo have nothing to do everyday. 动物园的老虎整天无所事事。Does he have the ability to do the work? 他有能力做这份工作吗？随堂演练：1. 单项选择：（1） Now we have _ to eat and drink every day.A. lots of B. a lot of C. many D. lots （2） Cant you see the sign? It _ “Keep off the grass”.A. said B. says C. wrote D. writes （3） Shall we go shopping？ Sorry，I have a lot of clothes _ every day. A. to be washed B. to wash C. washing D. washed 2. 根据所给中文用动词的适当形式填空。（1）The newspaper _ (写着) the temperature will drop a lot next week.（2）Where is your brother? He is busy _(写) a letter.3. Well，you shouldnt worry about not having breakfast then. 那你就不用担心没有早饭吃了。worry about sth. not doing sth “(不)为担心” “(不)为犯愁” 例如：His parents always worry about his health. 他的父母总是担心他的健康。 We are worrying about having no time to see her. 我们正在为没有时间看她而发愁。Mary often worries about not having enough sleep because of too much work. 玛丽经常因为工作太多而没有足够的睡眠而发愁。拓展：A. worry及物动词，“使.担心，使烦恼”。例如：You look unhappy. Whats worrying you? 你看上去不开心，什么事使你烦恼？B. worry 不及物动词，“担心， 忧虑”，例如Sometimes you worry too much. 有时你担心太多了。Tell them not to worry. 告诉他们别担心。C. worry 名词，“令人烦恼的事”，常用复数。例如：Dont keep worries to yourself. You can share them with me. 不要把忧愁放在心里，我可以为你分担些。D. worried 形容词，“忧虑的，担心的”。例如：My friend, Helen, looks worried. But I dont know what happened. 我的朋友海伦看上去很焦虑，但我不知道发生什么事。My mother is worried about my schoolwork. 我的妈妈担心我的功课。 worry sb. 使某人担心比较： worry about 担心某人 Grandmothers health often worries me. 奶奶的健康经常让我担心。I often worry about Grandmothers health. 我经常担心奶奶的健康。随堂演练：用所给单词的适当形式填空。1. I always ask my teacher for help when something _ (worry) me.2. Half an hour later, he became very _ (worry).3. You look unhappy. Whats wrong with you?The maths exam is coming. Im _ (worry) about it.4. You neednt worry about _(not have) new friends in our school. 4. Millie is already familiar with the 12 animal signs in Chinese culture. 米莉已经熟悉了中国的十二生肖。familiar 形容词，“熟悉的，熟知的”例如：The man in the car looks quite familiar. 轿车里的人看上去很面熟。比较： be familiar with sb. sth. 通晓某事，熟悉某人，主语是人be familiar to sb 为某人所熟悉，主语是物。例如：Jim is familiar with the rules of football. 吉姆熟知足球规则。That is the book familiar to us all. 那是我们所熟知的书。随堂演练：单项选择：He is familiar _ English and his name is familiar _ us all.A. with; with B. to; to C. with; to D. to; with Reading 阅读教材详解：1. A year is divided into 12 different star signs. 一年被分为12个不同的星座。divide 动词，“分，分开”，常用短语divide sb. sth. into, 其被动结构是 sb sth be divided into 例如：Lets divide ourselves into four groups. 让我们把自己分成四个组吧。Please divide the apple into two halves. 请把苹果分成两半。 Our class was divided into ten groups when we took a trip to Shanghai. 我们去上海旅行时，我们班被分成了10组。随堂演练：1. 根据句意及中文写单词。There is only one cake but three children here, so you had better _（分）the cake into three pieces.2. 单项选择A year can be _ 12 months. A. divide into B. divided into C. divide from D. divided from 2. Some people believe that people born under the same star sign share similar characteristics. 一些人认为生于同一星座的人具有相似的性格特征。l People born under the same star sign “出生在同一星座的人”, born 是过去分词，这里是分词短语作定语，可以和定语从句转换。People born under the same star sign = people who are born under the same star sign. 例如：Now many teenagers like reading the books written by Xiao Ding. which are written by Xiao Ding. 现在很多青少年喜欢阅读萧鼎的作品。l Similar 形容词，“相似的，类似的”。 同义词 alikeAll big cities are quite similar. 所有的大城市都不同小异。The two words have similar meanings. 这两个单词意思相似。常用短语： be similar to “与相似， 类似于.”Marys hat is similar is to mine. 玛丽的帽子和我的相似。The two pieces of music sound similar to each other. 这两首音乐听起来很相似。l Characteristic 名词，“特征，特性”。例如：The twins have different characteristics. 这对双胞胎有截然不同的性格特征。随堂演练：1. 根据汉语完成句子。（1） 我们不应该穿动物皮毛做的衣服。We shouldnt buy clothes _ _ animal fur.（2） 我们出生于同一星座。We _ _ under the same star _.（3） 你和我具有相似的性格特征。You and I _ _ _.Yes. Thats why we become good friends. 2. 单项选择。She is _ her mother in many ways. A. likes B. similar to C. alike D. similar with 3. You are energetic and active, but sometimes too impatient. 你热情奔放，充满活力，但是有时过于急躁。l energetic 形容词，“精力充沛的”。例如：Our English teacher is always energetic. 我们的英语老师总是精力充沛。The old woman is an energetic member in the club. 那位老太太是俱乐部里一个充满活力的成员。拓展：energy 名词，“精力， 能量”. 例如：We need a lot of energy every day. 我们每天都需要很多能量。He is a person full of energy. He can walk for an hour without getting tired. l active 形容词，“积极的， 活跃的”，反义词 inactive; 名词activityOur monitor is very active in class. 我们班长在课上很积极。Amy doesnt like to take part in school activities at all. She is an inactive girl. 艾米一点儿也不喜欢参加学校活动，她是个不活跃的女孩。常用短语：take an active part in “积极参加.”We should take an active part in school activities. 我们应当积极参加学校的活动。拓展：actively 副词，“积极地，活跃地”，例如：We should actively take action to protect wild animals. 我们应当积极采取行动保护野生动物。l impatient形容词，“不耐心的，急躁的”，反义词patient. 例如：I was waiting here for her over an hour and I was getting impatient. 我在这儿等她一个多小时，有点不耐烦了。How is your deskmate? 你同桌如何？She is patient enough to explain everything to me when I ask her questions. 当我有问题问她时，她有足够耐心地给我细致讲解。常用短语：be impatient patient with sb “对某人没有有耐心”. 例如：Teachers should try not to be too impatient with their students. 老师应该尽量对学生有耐心。You must be very patient with her, as she has been ill for months. 你对她一定很有耐心，因为她已经病了好几个月了。拓展：patient 名词， “病人”The hospital has a lot of patients. 这家医院有很多病人。随堂演练：1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。（1） Lilys star sign is Aries. She is an _(energy) girl.（2） Young people usually have more _(energy) than the old. （3） He always works until midnight, but he still looks _(energy) in the daytime.（4） Dont be _ (patient)! Im sure you can work out the problem.（5） An _(patient) person cant wait for a minute. （6） Does Daniel often put up his hands in class?No. Hes very _(active).（7） Chinese national teams are _ (active) preparing for 2016 Olympic Games.2. 根据英文释义及句意写单词（1） The old woman is _ (has lots of energy) and dances for two hours. （2） As a teacher, you should be_ to your students. 3. Some people think that you are selfish at times. 一些人认为你有时很自私。l Selfish形容词，“自私的”、He is so selfish that nobody likes him. 他如此自私以至于没有人喜欢他。常用结构：Its selfish of sb. (not) to do sth. 某人（不）做某事是自私的。例如：Its selfish of you to eat all the food. Its selfish of her not to help me move the desk. 她很自私，不帮我搬桌子。l at times “有时”, 同from time to time 和sometimes 例如：That outgoing boy asks some strange questions at times. 那个性格外向的男孩时不时问一些奇怪的问题。比较： at times 有时 at a time 一次随堂演练：1. _ of him to leave all the work to you.A. That was selfish B. This was kind C. It was