浙江省高中英语第一单元虚拟语气课件人教版选修六.ppt

thesubjunctivemood thesubjunctivemood i 概念 语气是用来表示谈话人的态度和看法的动词形式 英语有三种语气 陈述语气 同陈述句 祈使语气 同祈使句 虚拟语气 虚拟语气不表示一个事实 而是表示一种假设情况 愿望 建议 假设 1 与现在情况相反的假设ifeveryoneknewfirstaid manyliveswouldbesaved if did woulddo should could might ifi be you iwouldgotothecinematonight ifyousawthefilm you be veryexcited ifthey come wecouldgotheretogether ifwe go together wewouldhaveagoodtime ifi have enoughmoney icouldbuyanewhouse were wouldbe came went had 2 与过去情况相反的假设1 ifthehurricanehadhappenedduringtheday time therewouldhavebeenmoredeaths 2 ifyouhadstudiedhard youwouldhavepassedtheexam if haddone wouldhavedone should could might ifyou come earlier youwouldn thavebeenlate ifihadtakenmoneywithmeyesterday i repair mywatch ifi repair mywatch iwouldhavegotupearly ifi getup early iwouldn thavebeenlate hadcome wouldhaverepaired hadrepaired hadgotup 3 与将来情况相反的假设 ifyoushouldcometomorrow iwouldgofishingwithyou ifyouweretocometomorrow ifyoucametomorrow shoulddo if weretodo woulddo should could might didifitshouldraintomorrow i stay athome ifiweretostayathome i have agoodrest ifi agoodrest icouldputmyheartintostudynextweek wouldstay wouldhave shouldhave weretohave had 1 用于if条件状语从句中 did were would should could might do haddone would should could might havedone 1 shoulddo2 weretodo3 did were would should could might do 4 错综时间条件句 主句和从句的动作不是发生在同一时间 其动词形式要根据时间而定 ifihadstudiedharder iwouldnotteachherenow 如果他当时听了我的话 现在就不会遇到麻烦 ifhehadlistenedtome hewouldnotbeinsuchtroublenow 5 含蓄条件句 不是用条件句 而是由介词短语 without butfor 要不是 otherwise 否则 或上下文来表示某种假设 butforyourhelp wecouldn thavesucceeded withoutyourhelp iwouldn thavepassedtheexam shewasn tfeelingverywell otherwiseshewouldn thaveleftthemeetingsoearly 1 he tell youifhe know i msure 2 ifi have moretime i learn anotherforeignlanguage 3 i ask himtoringyouupifi see him 4 ifi receive youre mail i answer itlongago 5 ifi know youraddress i write toyouthen practice fillintheblankswithproperforms wouldtell knew had wouldlearn wouldask saw shouldsee weretosee hadknown would havewritten hadreceived would haveanswered 1 用于宾语从句中 2 用于名词性从句中 1 在insist order command advise propose suggestdemand desire request require后用should 动词原形 should可省略 hesuggestedwe should startoffearlythenextday weinsistedtheynotbepresentatsuchmeeting heorderedthatall should takepartinthework theyrequestedthatwe should havelunchwiththem 一坚持二命令三建议四要求 但是 当suggest表示 暗示 表明 insist表示 坚持认为 时 不用虚拟语气 2 在动词wish后的宾语从句1 与现在事实相反 从句的谓动词用过去式2 和过去事实相反 用wish表示对过去事情的遗憾 其句子结构为 haddone3 表示将来的主观愿望 用would could might 动原形howiwishiwereabirdandcouldflyfreelyinthesky iwishihadnotmadesomanymistakesinthelastexam 3 在wouldrather后的宾语从句表示 宁愿做什么 或对过去做的事的懊悔 1 表示与现在或将来事实相反用didiwouldratheryoupaidmenow 2 表示与过去事实相反用haddoneiwouldratheryouhadgone too 用于主语从句中 1 用在itissuggested requested demandedordered desired proposed advised insisted that从句中 从句用 should 动词原形 it ssuggestedthatthemeeting should beputofftillnextweek itwasorderedthatthewoundedsoldiersbesenttothefieldhospitalatonce 2 用在itisnecessary important strange natural surprising essential shocking sad apity ashame nowonder that从句中 从句用 should 动词原形 eg itisnecessarythatthecustomsofallnationalminoritiesberespected itisstrangethatheshouldhavesaidso it sapitythatishoulddoitagain itisnotsurprisingthatalfredshouldhavemarriedamy 但 2 部分也可不用虚拟语气 eg itisapitythatshehasmadesuchamistake itisstrangethathedidn tcomeyesterday 3 用于表语从句中 1 在advice demand order proposal request suggestion等后面的表语从句中 myadviceisthathewaittillnextweek hersuggestionisthatwe should learnallthetextsbyheart thegeneral sorderwasthatallthesoldiersreachtheborderintenhours 2 当asif asthough引导表语从句时 eg helooksasifhewereanartist theyappearasthoughtheyhadbeenfriendsforyears 4 用于同位语从句中 在advice demand order proposal request suggestion等后面的同位语从句中 如 weallagreetohissuggestionthatwegotothehappyvalleyforanouting ordercamethatthesoldiersbesenttotheborder hereisthedoctor sadvicethatyoushouldtakethemedicine4timesaday 3 用于定语从句中 在itis high timethat句型中 定语从句的谓语动词用过去时 或should 动词原形 should不能省略 itis high timethatyouwenttoschool it stimeyoudidsomethingaboutit itis high timethatweshouldstartout 4 用于其它状语语从句中 1 当asif asthough evenif eventhough引导状语从句时 从句用动词的过去式或过去完成时 shespokeenglishsowellasifshehadstudiedenglishinamerica evenifhewerehere hecouldn tsolvetheproblem 注意 evenifihavetowalkalltheway i llgetthere 2 当incase lest 以免 forfearthat等引导状语从句时 从句用 should 原形动词 如 bequietincaseyoushouldwakethebaby ishallringyouuplestyou should forgettocome itookanumbrellaalongwithmeforfearthatitshould mightrain 在此类情况中 incase引导状语从句也可不用虚拟语气 如 takeyourumbrella incaseitrains 5 用于ifonly 要是 多好 引导的感叹句中 如 ifonlyiwereabird ifonlyihadknownhertelephonenumber ifonlyihadn tlostthebook ifonlytheletterhadarrivedontime 6 may 动词原形 表示祝愿 如 maythefriendshipbetweenourtwocountrieslastforever mayyousucceed maytheplanwork 1 虚拟语气的考点1 条件句中的虚拟语气的用法 2 条件句中虚拟语气的倒装 3 名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法 4 几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法 5 虚拟语气与陈述语气的判定 1 陈述语气与虚拟语气典型例题1 thevolleyballmatchwillbeputoffifit a willrainb rainsc rainedd israined2 wouldyouhavecalledherup possible yes buti busydoingmyhomework a haditbeen wasb ifitwas werec ifithadbeen hadbeend ifitwere wouldbe b a 高考题点击1 youdidn tletmedrive ifwe inturn you sotired 96n a drove didn tgetb haddriven wouldn thavegotc drove wouldn tgetd weredriving wouldn tget2 itishardformetoimaginewhatiwouldbedoingtodayifi inlove attheageofseven withthemelindacoxlibraryinmyhometown 02上海 a wouldn thavefallenb hadnotfallenc shouldfalld weretofall b b 3 条件句中虚拟语气的特殊情况虚拟倒装句whatwouldhavehappened asfarastheriverbank 01上海 bobhadwalkedfartherb ifbobshouldwalkfartherc hadbobwalkedfartherd ifbobwalkedfarther2 错综时间条件句ifyou himyesterday you whattodonow asked wouldknowb hadasked wouldhaveknownc askedhim knowd hadasked wouldknow c d 4 名词性从句中的虚拟语气a 宾语从句中的虚拟语气在动词suggest order demand request desire insist require 后需用should型的虚拟语气 考题点击 theteacherdemandedthatthework before4o clock a finishedb befinishedc shouldfinishd finish2 whatdidthedoctorsayaboutyourmother sillness hesuggestedthatshe anoperationatonce a musthaveb hadc haved hadhad b c b 主语从句中的虚拟语气基本句型 itissuggested ordered proposed required demanded requested insisted should doitisimportant necessary natural desirable strange advisable imperative itisapity ashame nowonder 考题点击 1 isitnecessarythathe theexamination a takesb hastotakec musttaked take2 itisstrangethathe youthis a wouldtellb shouldtellc hadtoldd hastold d b c 表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气在suggestion proposal idea plan order advice等名词后面的表语从句 同位语从句中要用虚拟语气 即 should 动词原形 myideaisthatwe should getmorepeopletoattendtheconference imakeaproposalthatwe should holdameetingnextweek 考题点击 hissuggestionisthatyou oncemoresoundsreasonable a tryb triesc musttryd cantry a 5 虚拟语气在其它情况下的使用1 wish后的虚拟语气 高考题点击 howiwisheveryfamily alargehousewithabeautifulgarden 02上海 a hasb hadc willhaved hadhad2 asif从句 高考题点击 whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater itlooksasifit 95n a breaksb hasbrokenc werebrokend hadbeenbroken b c 3 it stime从句 itis high timethat后面的从句谓语动词要用过去式或用should加动词原形 但should不可省略 itistimethatthechildrenwenttobed itishightimethatthechildrenshouldgotobed 类似的结构为wouldrather从句 iwouldratheryouattendedthemeetingthisafternoon 考题点击 doyoumindifileavethewindowopen well i dratheryou a don tb didn tc won td mustn t2 it shalfpasteleven it shightime home a we llb we dc we regoingd wewent b d 高考实战 ifhe he thatfood nmet 93 luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately a waswarned wouldnottakeb hadbeenwarned wouldnothavetakenc wouldbewarned hadnottakend wouldhavebeenwarned hadnottaken2 whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater itlooksasifit nmet 96 a breaksb hasbrokenc werebrokend hadbeenbroken 3 youdidn tletmedrive ifwe inturn you sotired nmet 96 a drove didn tgetb drove wouldn tgetc weredriving wouldn tgetd haddriven wouldn thavegot4 istayedatahotelwhileinnewyork oh didyou you withbarbara nmet 98 a couldhavestayedb couldstayc wouldstayd musthavestayed5 howiwisheveryfamily alargehousewithabeautifulgarden nmetshanghai 2002 a hasb hadc willhaved hadhad ii 形式 虚拟语气的动词形式在条件状语从句中 其主从句形式有较固定的形式要求 在名词性从句中多用should 原形 在定语从句 wish后面所接的宾语从句 以及其它状语从句中用过去时 practice fillintheblankswithproperforms he tell youifhe know i msure 2 ifi have moretime i learn anotherforeignlanguage 3 ifhe be here he show ushowtoperformtheexperiment 4 ifi be you i pay moreattentiontoenglishidioms 5 i help youifi can 6 ifi receive youre mail i answer itlongago wouldtell knew had wouldlearn were were could wouldshow wouldpay wouldhelp hadreceived would haveanswered 7 ifyou start theworkearlier you finish itbynow 8 ifwe notrely onourownstreng thwe die ofstarvation 9 ifi know youraddress i write toyouthen 10 ifi notbe busy i come tohelp 11 ifwe start outfiveminuteslater we miss thetrain 12 you meet thefamousscientistifyou come yesterday hadstarted wouldhavefinished hadn trelied wouldhavedied hadknown hadn tbeen wouldhavemissed would wouldhavecome hadstarted hadcome wouldhavemet havewritten 13 ifi tell him he be greatlysurprised 14 ifi do it